Carbon capture compliant polygeneration

• US 20100018216A1
• Filed: 03/17/2009
• Published: 01/28/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 03/17/2008
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Alexander G. Fassbender
• Original Assignee: Alexander G. Fassbender
• Inventors: Fassbender, Alexander G.
• Application Number:
  US12/381,881
• Publication Number:
  US 20100018216A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 60/780
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 2300/0916 Biomass
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 2300/093 Coal
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 2300/1612 CO2-separation and sequestration, i.e. long time storage
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 2300/1659 to liquid hydrocarbons Fischer-Tropsch process C10G2/00
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 2300/1678 with air separation separating gases using rectification of air F25J3/04521
• CPC Class Codes: F01K 13/00 General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
• CPC Class Codes: F22B 37/008 Adaptations for flue gas purification in steam generators, flue gas purification in general F23J; gas purification in general B01D
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/16 Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/32 Direct CO2 mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/34 Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Abstract

Embodiments include a method and apparatus for producing liquid fuel from a carbon-containing feed fuel such as coal. With embodiments, coal or other carbon-containing feed fuel may be utilized to produce co-products, including one or more liquid fuels, power, and/or other useful co-products, while capturing carbon dioxide for further use, storage, and/or sequestration.

Claims

1. A method of co-producing one or more liquid fuel or chemical products and an electrical power product using a carbon-containing feed fuel, comprising:

providing an air separation unit to separate oxygen from air;

gasifying the feed fuel with the separated oxygen to produce a syngas;

removing hydrogen sulfide from the syngas using a Rectisol or Selexol process, thereby forming a Rectisol or Selexol product stream;

performing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on the Rectisol or Selexol product stream to produce the one or more liquid fuel or chemical products;

separating the produced fuels or chemical products from a tailgas;

combusting the tailgas using pressurized oxyfuel combustion to form the electrical power product; and

capturing pressurized carbon dioxide from the products of the tailgas combustion.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising using a condensation step to remove condensable components from the syngas.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising using the oxygen from the air separation unit in the Rectisol or Selexol process to regulate a temperature of a solvent.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising using at least a portion of the oxygen from the air separation unit for combusting the tailgas using pressurized oxyfuel combustion.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein combusting the tailgas using pressurized oxyfuel combustion comprises:

passing the tailgas to a reaction chamber;

passing the oxygen to the reaction chamber;

oxidizing the tailgas in the reaction chamber at a first pressure substantially within a range of from approximately 700 psia to approximately 2000 psia; and

passing a coolant to the reaction chamber in a heat exchange relationship with the tailgas and oxygen.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising separating carbon dioxide from the tailgas to provide a pipeline quality liquid product.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising separating carbon dioxide from the syngas using the Rectisol or Selexol process.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising using the carbon dioxide from the Rectisol or Selexol process for temperature control when combusting the tailgas using pressurized oxyfuel combustion.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising converting the hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur using one or more Claus plants.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the feed fuel comprises coal.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the feed fuel comprises one or more of coal, biofuel, lignite, biomass, orimulsion, refuse derived fuels, natural gas, liquid methanol, or bitumen.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the feed fuel is solid.

13. The method of claim 1, further comprising using a first portion of the carbon dioxide resulting from the Rectisol or Selexol process for temperature control when combusting the tailgas using pressurized oxyfuel combustion.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising recycling a second portion of the carbon dioxide resulting from the Rectisol or Selexol process into one or more gasifiers for gasifying the feed fuel to produce a syngas.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the Rectisol or Selexol product stream comprises a third portion of the carbon dioxide resulting from the Rectisol or Selexol process.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein capturing carbon dioxide is accomplished in the Rectisol or Selexol process, the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and when combusting the tailgas using pressurized oxyfuel combustion to form the electrical power product.

17. A method of forming one or more liquid co-products from a carbon-containing feed fuel, comprising:

separating oxygen from air using an air separation unit to form liquid oxygen;

pressurizing the liquid oxygen;

gasifying the feed fuel to form a syngas;

performing a Rectisol or Selexol process on the syngas using a solvent to remove acid gas from the syngas, thereby forming a carbon dioxide rich product stream; and

using at least a portion of the liquid oxygen in the Rectisol or Selexol process for temperature control of the solvent.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

introducing the carbon dioxide rich product stream into a Fischer-Tropsch process to form the one or more liquid co-products; and

separating the one or more liquid co-products from a tailgas.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the one or more liquid co-products comprise diesel and naphtha.

20. The method of claim 18, further comprising combusting the tailgas in a pressurized boiler using pressurized oxygen from the air separation unit, thereby forming electrical power and capturing carbon dioxide.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the pressurized oxygen is used in the boiler to condense the carbon dioxide for capturing the carbon dioxide from the boiler.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the pressurized liquid or gaseous oxygen has a heat exchange relationship with the low pressure steam exiting a steam turbine which is utilized for producing the electrical power, thereby reducing the pressure of steam condensation at the exit of the steam turbine.

23. The method of claim 20, further comprising using at least a portion of the electrical power product to provide power to the air separation unit.

24. A method of producing one or more liquid fuel products and capturing carbon dioxide from a carbon-containing feed fuel, comprising:

performing a gasification of the feed fuel, thereby producing a syngas;

cleaning the syngas by removing gases and contaminants;

passing the cleaned syngas into a Fischer-Tropsch reactor to form the one or more liquid fuel products and separate a carbon dioxide rich tailgas from the syngas;

passing the carbon dioxide rich tailgas into a combustion chamber at a first pressure substantially within a range of approximately 700 psia to approximately 2000 psia;

passing an oxidant into the combustion chamber at a first pressure substantially within a range of approximately 700 psia to approximately 2000 psia;

oxidizing the tailgas in the combustion chamber at a first pressure substantially within a range of approximately 700 psia to approximately 2000 psia;

passing a coolant into the combustion chamber in a heat exchange relationship with the tailgas and oxidant; and

capturing the carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide rich tailgas.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the one or more liquid fuel products comprise naphtha, wax, and diesel fuel.

26. The method of claim 25, further comprising producing electric power using steam produced by using heat from the combustion chamber.

27. The method of claim 24, further comprising the use of pressurizing liquid or gaseous oxygen to condense the captured carbon dioxide.

28. The method of claim 24, further comprising:

passing the captured carbon dioxide into one or more condensing heat exchangers; and

producing a liquid carbon dioxide product stream and a water product stream from the one or more condensing heat exchangers.