Surgical Instrument With Integrated Reduction And Distraction Mechanisms

• US 20100024487A1
• Filed: 07/31/2008
• Published: 02/04/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 07/31/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Zimmer Biomet Spine, Inc. (Zimvie Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Abbott Spine Inc. (Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc.)
• Inventors: Ford, Craig Lee, Miller, Peter Thomas, Khoo, Larry T., Harvey, Ryan Carter
• Granted Patent: US 9,066,763 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 66/90
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/60 for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/7077 for moving bone anchors attached to vertebrae, thereby displacing the vertebrae
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/7079 Tools requiring anchors to be already mounted on an implanted longitudinal or transverse element, e.g. where said element guides the anchor motion
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/708 with tubular extensions coaxially mounted on the bone anchors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/7086 Rod reducers, i.e. devices providing a mechanical advantage to allow a user to force a rod into or onto an anchor head other than by means of a rod-to-bone anchor locking element; rod removers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/7091 for applying, tightening or removing longitudinal element-to-bone anchor locking elements, e.g. caps, set screws, nuts or wedges
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/0256 for the spine

Abstract

Embodiments of a surgical instrument disclosed herein can include mechanisms for reduction and distraction as well as compression. Some embodiments of the surgical instrument may comprise a reducer knob having a first passage through which a first shaft of a driver is acceptable, a connecting element coupled to the reducer knob and having a second passage through which the first shaft of the driver is acceptable, a compressor handle coupled to the connecting element at a first end and having a through hole, and a common handle coupled to the compressor handle via the through hole and pivots between the reducer knob and the compressor handle. With embodiments of a surgical instrument disclosed herein, surgical personnel can distract and hold vertebrae in a distracted state and perform a reduction without having to switch or add instruments. Some embodiments disclosed herein can be particularly useful for reducing spondylolisthesis during posterior fixation.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument, comprising:

a reducer knob;

a reducer tube coupled to said reducer knob;

a connecting element coupled to said reducer knob and said reducer tube, wherein said reducer knob, said connecting element, and said reducer tube have an inner diameter that accommodates a distractor handle;

a common handle pivotally coupled to said connecting element; and

a shaft fixedly attached to or made part of said common handle, wherein moving said common handle towards said distractor handle increases a distance between said shaft and said reducer tube, wherein turning said reducer knob in a first direction extends a height of said reducer tube, and wherein turning said reducer knob in a second direction retracts a portion of said reducer tube into said reducer knob.

2. The surgical instrument of claim 1, further comprising:

a compressor handle coupled to said connecting element and said common handle.

3. The surgical instrument of claim 2, wherein moving said common handle towards said compressor handle decreases said distance between said shaft and said reducer tube.

4. The surgical instrument of claim 2, wherein said compressor handle has an L-shape.

5. The surgical instrument of claim 2, further comprising a dial coupled to said compressor handle and a pivot locking knob coupled to said common handle, wherein turning said dial adjusts a distance between said compressor handle and said common handle and wherein locking said pivot locking knob locks said distance between said compressor handle and said common handle.

6. The surgical instrument of claim 1, wherein said reducer tube has cutouts to straddle a rod.

7. The surgical instrument of claim 1, wherein said inner diameter of said reducer tube further accommodates an extender sleeve.

8. The surgical instrument of claim 1, wherein said reducer tube has a non-threaded end for engaging a counter torque tube.

9. The surgical instrument of claim 1, further comprising:

a pivot locking knob coupled to said common handle, wherein locking said pivot locking knob locks said distance between said shaft and said reducer tube.

10. The surgical instrument of claim 1, further comprising a driver, wherein said distractor handle is part of said driver.

11. The surgical instrument of claim 1, further comprising a locking mechanism having a first portion, a second portion, and a lock, wherein said first portion and said second portion are attachable to said distractor handle and said common handle.

12. The surgical instrument of claim 11, wherein said locking mechanism is a surgical ratchet.

13. The surgical instrument of claim 1, wherein a ratchet arm is coupled to said common handle to ratchet with said distractor handle.

22. The surgical instrument of claim 1, wherein a ratchet arm is coupled to said first shaft to ratchet with said common handle.

14. A surgical instrument, comprising:

a reducer knob having a first passage through which a first shaft of a driver is acceptable;

a connecting element coupled to said reducer knob and having a second passage through which said first shaft of said driver is acceptable;

a compressor handle coupled to said connecting element at a first end and having a through hole; and

a common handle coupled to said compressor handle via said through hole and pivots between said reducer knob and said compressor handle.

15. The surgical instrument of claim 14, wherein said compressor handle has an L-shape.

16. The surgical instrument of claim 14, wherein said through hole has an elongated shape that allows said common handle to travel a distance along a longitudal axis, further comprising:

a dial coupled to said compressor handle for adjusting said distance; and

a locking knob coupled to said common handle for locking said common handle at a desired position and angle.

17. The surgical instrument of claim 14, further comprising:

a locking mechanism coupled to said common handle for locking said common handle at a desired position and angle.

18. The surgical instrument of claim 14, further comprising:

a reducer tube coupled to said reducer knob; and

a second shaft fixedly attached to or made part of said common handle, wherein moving said common handle towards said first shaft of said driver increases a distance between said second shaft and said reducer tube, wherein turning said reducer knob in a first direction extends a height of said reducer tube, wherein turning said reducer knob in a second direction retracts a portion of said reducer tube into said reducer knob, and wherein moving said common handle towards said compressor handle decreases said distance between said shaft and said reducer tube.

19. The surgical instrument of claim 18, wherein said reducer tube has cutouts to straddle a rod.

20. The surgical instrument of claim 18, wherein said reducer tube has an inner diameter that accommodates an extender sleeve.

21. The surgical instrument of claim 18, wherein said reducer tube has a non-threaded end for engaging a counter torque tube.

23. The surgical instrument of claim 14, wherein said compressor handle has one or more weight reducing windows.

24. The surgical instrument of claim 14, wherein said common handle has one or more weight reducing windows.

25. A surgical method, comprising:

increasing a distance between a first and a second vertebral bodies anchoring a first and a second bone fastener assemblies by moving a common handle of a surgical instrument towards a distractor handle of said surgical instrument, wherein said surgical instrument further comprises;

a reducer knob coupled to said distractor handle;

a reducer tube coupled to said reducer knob and said first bone fastener assembly;

a connecting element coupled to said reducer knob and said reducer tube, wherein said common handle is pivotally coupled to said connecting element; and

a shaft fixedly attached to or made part of said common handle and coupled to said second bone fastener assembly;

holding said distance by locking said common handle at a desired angle;

turning said reducer knob of said surgical instrument to extend a portion of said reducer tube out from said reducer knob to contact and press against a rod; and

continuing to turn said reducer knob of said surgical instrument to pull said first bone fastener assembly up until said first vertebral body anchoring said first bone fastener assembly aligns with said second vertebral body.