Electrically conductive protective liner and method of manufacture

• US 20100025533A1
• Filed: 09/25/2008
• Published: 02/04/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 07/31/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: PPG Industries Ohio Incorporated (Nouryon BV)
• Original Assignee: PPG Industries Ohio Incorporated (Nouryon BV)
• Inventors: Bimanand, Alexander, Mariscal, Jose, Short, John
• Granted Patent: US 8,257,830 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 244/121
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2255/205 Metallic coating
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/202 Conductive
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/21 Anti-static
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/412 Transparent
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/554 Wear resistance
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/712 Weather resistant
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2605/18 Aircraft blades, propellers B32B2603/00
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/08 of synthetic resin
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/30 comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/36 comprising polyesters
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/40 comprising polyurethanes
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/12 using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 1/1476 Canopies; Windscreens or similar transparent elements
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2896 including nitrogen containing condensation polymer [e.g., polyurethane, polyisocyanate, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31504 Composite [nonstructural laminate]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31507 Of polycarbonate
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31551 Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31786 Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31935 Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer

Abstract

A protective liner includes a base layer that can be affixed to an aircraft canopy or other substrate, a conductive polymeric interlayer positioned over the base layer, and a conductive top layer containing a reactive organic salt, or a hygroscopic salt, positioned over the conductive polymeric interlayer. The substrate can also be treated with a multilayer stack (including a substrate base coat layer, a metal layer positioned over the substrate base layer, a metal oxide layer positioned over the metal layer, and a tie layer positioned over the metal oxide layer). The protective liner can be affixed to a pretreated substrate by lamination or other means to form an enhanced, multilayer stack having beneficial properties.

Claims

1. A protective liner comprising:

a polymeric base layer;

a conductive polymeric interlayer positioned over the polymeric base layer; and

a conductive top layer containing a reactive organic salt, positioned over the conductive polymeric interlayer.

2. The protective liner of claim 1, wherein the polymeric base layer comprises a polyurethane.

3. The protective liner of claim 1, wherein the polymeric base layer comprises the reaction product of a mixture of polytetramethylene ether glycol and liquid cycloaliphatic diisocyanate.

4. The protective liner of claim 3, wherein the polytetramethylene ether glycol and liquid cycloaliphatic diisocyanate are provided at a wt/wt ratio of from 50:

45 to 60;

30.

5. The protective liner of claim 1, wherein the polymeric base layer further comprises one or more components selected from the group consisting of liquid hindered amines, octadecyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, dimethyltin dilaurate catalyst, aminosilanes, 1,4-butanediol, ethylene glycol, light-stabilizers, UV-stabilizers, polymerization catalysts, adhesion promoters, and chain extenders.

6. The protective liner of claim 1, wherein the conductive polymeric interlayer comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted polypyrrole, polyaniline, polyacetylene, polythiophene, polyphenylene vinylene, polyphenylene sulfide, poly p-phenylene, and polyheterocycle vinylene.

7. The protective liner of claim 1, wherein the conductive polymeric interlayer has a surface resistance less than or equal to about 10⁵ Ω

/□

.

8. The protective liner of claim 1, wherein the conductive top layer comprises an organic resin incorporating a hygroscopic salt.

9. The protective liner of claim 8, wherein the organic resin is selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, and polyester.

10. The protective liner of claim 1, wherein the reactive organic salt comprises a quaternary ammonium salt.

11. The protective liner of claim 10, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt comprises at least one functional group.

12. The protective liner of claim 10, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt comprises two hydroxyl groups.

13. The protective liner of claim 10, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is present in the conductive top layer in an amount of from 25 to 60 wt %.

14. The protective liner of claim 10, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is present in an amount of about 35 wt %.

15. The protective liner of claim 1, wherein the conductive top layer has a surface resistance of less than about 10¹⁰ Ω

/□

.

16. The protective liner of claim 1, further comprising a support layer positioned between the polymeric base layer and the conductive polymeric interlayer.

17. The protective liner of claim 16, wherein the support layer comprises a polycarbonate film or an acrylic film.

18. The protective liner of claim 1, wherein the polymeric base layer is adhesive.

28. The protective liner of claim 1 further comprising a conductive bus bar positioned over the polymeric top layer or between the polymeric base layer and polymeric top layer.

29. The protective liner of claim 28, wherein the bus bar comprises a metal and an epoxy resin composite.

30. The protective liner of claim 29, wherein the metal is silver and the silver is present in an amount of about 70 to 80 wt % based on the total weight of the composite.

31. The protective liner of claim 1, further comprising a polymeric support layer.

32. The protective liner of claim 31, wherein the conductive bus bar is positioned between the support layer and the top layer.

19. A protective liner comprising:

a polymeric base layer;

a support layer positioned over the polymeric base layer;

a conductive polymeric interlayer positioned over the support layer; and

a conductive top layer containing a hygroscopic salt, positioned over the conductive polymeric interlayer.

20. A protective liner comprising:

a polymeric base layer; and

a conductive top layer containing a hygroscopic salt, positioned over the polymeric base layer.

21. The protective liner of claim 20, wherein the hygroscopic salt comprises a quaternary ammonium salt.

22. The protective liner of claim 21, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt comprises at least one functional group.

23. The protective liner of claim 21, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt comprises two hydroxyl groups.

24. The protective liner of claim 21, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is present in the conductive top layer in an amount of from 25 to 60 wt %

25. The protective liner of claim 21, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is present in an amount of about 35 wt %.

26. The protective liner of claim 20, further comprising a support layer positioned between the polymeric base layer and the conductive top layer.

27. The protective liner of claim 26, wherein the support layer comprises an organic resin.

33. In a pretreated aircraft canopy having a canopy, a protective multilayer stack including a base layer positioned over the canopy a conductive layer positioned over the base layer and a tie layer positioned over the conductive layer;

the improvement comprising;

a protective liner affixed to an outer surface of the pretreated canopy, the protective liner comprising a polymeric base layer and a conductive top layer containing a hygroscopic salt, positioned over the polymeric base layer.

34. The improved canopy of claim 33, wherein the protective liner further comprises a conductive polymeric interlayer positioned between the polymeric base layer and the conductive top layer.

35. A multilayer stack, comprising:

a substrate base layer;

a primary conductive layer positioned over the substrate base layer;

a base layer positioned over the primary conductive layer;

a conductive polymeric interlayer positioned over the base layer; and

a conductive top layer containing a hygroscopic salt, positioned over the conductive polymeric interlayer.

36. A multilayer stack, comprising:

a substrate base layer;

a metal layer positioned over the substrate base layer;

a metal oxide layer positioned over the metal layer;

a tie layer positioned over the metal oxide layer;

a base layer positioned over the primary conductive layer;

a conductive polymeric interlayer positioned over the base layer; and

a conductive top layer containing a hygroscopic salt, positioned over the conductive polymeric interlayer.