Systems and Methods Including Amperometric and Voltammetric Duty Cycles
First Claim
1. A method for measuring an analyte in a sample, comprising:
- applying to the sample an input signal comprising a first duty cycle including an amperometric excitation and a first relaxation and a second duty cycle including a voltammetric excitation and a second relaxation;
detecting an output signal, the output signal including output currents responsive to the amperometric excitation and output currents responsive to the voltammetric excitation; and
correlating a portion of the output signal with a concentration of at least one analyte in the sample.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A sensor system including devices and methods for determining the concentration of an analyte in a sample is described. Input signals including amperometric and voltammetric duty cycles of excitations and relaxations may provide a shorter analysis time and/or improve the accuracy and/or precision of the analysis. The disclosed system may reduce analysis errors, thus improving measurement performance, by adjusting the potential and/or scan rate in response to output currents obtained from voltammetric scans. The disclosed system also may determine the concentration of more than one ionizable species in the sample by adjusting the potential and/or scan rate in response to output currents obtained from voltammetric scans. The multiple, determined concentrations may be used to determine the concentration of multiple analytes or to correct the concentration determined for an analyte, thus improving the measurement performance of the system.
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Citations
47 Claims
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1. A method for measuring an analyte in a sample, comprising:
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applying to the sample an input signal comprising a first duty cycle including an amperometric excitation and a first relaxation and a second duty cycle including a voltammetric excitation and a second relaxation; detecting an output signal, the output signal including output currents responsive to the amperometric excitation and output currents responsive to the voltammetric excitation; and correlating a portion of the output signal with a concentration of at least one analyte in the sample. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 17)
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7. (canceled)
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13. (canceled)
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15. (canceled)
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18. A measurement device for determining the concentration of an analyte in a sample, comprising:
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a signal interface including at least two contacts; and electrical circuitry establishing electrical communication between the at least two contacts and a signal generator, where the electrical circuitry has a processor in electrical communication with the signal generator and a storage medium, where the processor is operable to apply an input signal from the signal generator to the at least two contacts, where the input signal includes a first duty cycle having an amperometric excitation and a first relaxation, and where the input signal includes a second duty cycle having a voltammetric excitation and a second relaxation, where the processor is operable to detect an output signal at the at least two contacts, the output signal including output currents responsive to the amperometric excitation and output currents responsive to the voltammetric excitation, and where the processor is operable to correlate a portion of the output signal with a concentration of at least one analyte in the sample.
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19-31. -31. (canceled)
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32. A method for measuring an analyte in a sample, comprising:
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applying to the sample an input signal comprising a first duty cycle including a voltammetric excitation and a first relaxation and a second duty cycle including an acyclic scan and a second relaxation; detecting an output signal, the output signal including output currents responsive to the voltammetric excitation and output currents responsive to the acyclic scan; and correlating a portion of the output signal with a concentration of at least one analyte in the sample.
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33-44. -44. (canceled)
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45. A measurement device for determining the concentration of an analyte in a sample, comprising:
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a signal interface including at least two contacts; and electrical circuitry establishing electrical communication between the at least two contacts and a signal generator, where the electrical circuitry has a processor in electrical communication with the signal generator and a storage medium, where the processor is operable to apply an input signal from the signal generator to the at least two contacts, where the input signal includes a first duty cycle having a voltammetric excitation and a first relaxation, and where the input signal includes a second duty cycle having an acyclic scan and a second relaxation, where the processor is operable to detect an output signal at the at least two contacts, the output signal including output currents responsive to the voltammetric excitation and output currents responsive to the acyclic scan, and where the processor is operable to correlate a portion of the output signal with a concentration of at least one analyte in the sample.
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46. A method for identifying an ionizable species in a sample, comprising:
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applying to the sample an input signal comprising an acyclic scan, the acyclic scan including a forward excitation and a reverse excitation; detecting an output signal, the output signal including output currents responsive to the acyclic scan; identifying the ionizable species from the output currents responsive to the forward excitation of the acyclic scan.
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47. (canceled)
Specification