METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE REMOVAL OF PARTIALLY PROTEIN BOUND SUBSTANCES

• US 20100044313A1
• Filed: 09/28/2009
• Published: 02/25/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 03/27/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Gambro Lundia AB (Baxter International Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Gambro Lundia AB (Baxter International Inc.)
• Inventors: Sternby, Berit, Sternby, Jan
• Granted Patent: US 7,879,242 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 210/639
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/16 with membranes
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1607 before use, i.e. upstream of dialyser
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1633 with more than one dialyser unit
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1647 with flow rate measurement of the dialysis fluid, upstream and downstream of the dialyser
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/165 with a dialyser bypass on the dialysis fluid line
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1692 Detection of blood traces in dialysate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1696 with dialysate regeneration
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/341 by measuring the filtrate rate or volume
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3431 upstream of the filter
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3465 using dialysate as substitution fluid
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3623 Means for actively controlling temperature of blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3317 Electromagnetic, inductive or dielectric measuring means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3324 PH measuring means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3334 Measuring or controlling the flow rate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3368 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3393 by weighing the reservoir
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/243 Dialysis
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/244 comprising multiple dialysis steps

Abstract

A method and a device to increase the efficiency of dialysis for the removal from blood of substances that are more or less tightly bound to carriers such as albumin. According to the invention this is accomplished by a simultaneous significant increase of the flow rate of the dialysis fluid and of the area of the membrane that separates the blood from the dialysis fluid, compared to conventional dialysis.

Claims

1. A method for removing partially carrier bound substances from blood comprising a blood circuit, a fluid circuit, and a filter having a semipermeable membrane separating a fluid compartment from a blood compartment, where blood is directed through the blood compartment and a cleaning fluid is directed through the fluid compartment wherein:

a mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter is at least 2000 ml/min;

a ratio between the mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter and a blood flow rate is at least 5;

a cleaning fluid flow rate is at least 2000 ml/min; and

a ratio between the cleaning fluid flow rate and the blood flow rate is at least 5.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein

the ratio between the mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter and the blood flow rate is at least 10;

and

the ratio between the cleaning fluid flow rate and the blood flow rate is at least 10.

3. A method according to claim 1, wherein

the mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter is at least 5000 ml/min;

and

the cleaning fluid flow rate is at least 5000 ml/min.

4. A method according to claim 1, wherein parameters are chosen in relation to the product of a blood flow rate Q_b and a factor α

denoting the total amount of substance to be removed in relation to the fraction dissolved in plasma,

the mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter is at least 10% of said product; and

the cleaning fluid flow rate is at least 10% of said product.

5. A method according to claim 4, wherein

the mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter is at least 100% of said product;

and/or

the cleaning fluid flow rate is at least 100% of said product; and

/or

the cleaning fluid flow rate is at least 100% of said product.

6. A method for removing partially carrier bound substances from blood comprising a blood circuit, a fluid circuit, and a filter having a semipermeable membrane separating a fluid compartment from a blood compartment, where blood is directed through the blood compartment and a cleaning fluid is directed through the fluid compartment wherein:

a mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter is at least 2000 ml/min;

a ratio between the mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter and a blood flow rate is at least 5; and

the cleaning fluid contains a carrier that is able to bind the partially carrier bound substances in the blood.

8. A method according to claim 6, wherein the membrane has been pretreated with a fluid containing a carrier that is able to bind the partially carrier bound substances in the blood.

10. A method according to claim 6, wherein the carrier is serum albumin.

11. A method according to claim 10, wherein the concentration of the serum albumin is above 10 g/l.

7. A method for removing partially carrier bound substances from blood comprising a blood circuit, a fluid circuit, and a filter having a semipermeable membrane separating a fluid compartment from a blood compartment, where blood is directed through the blood compartment and a cleaning fluid is directed through the fluid compartment wherein:

the membrane has been pretreated with a fluid containing a carrier that is able to bind the partially carrier bound substances in the blood;

a cleaning fluid flow rate is at least 2000 ml/min; and

a ratio between the cleaning fluid flow rate and the blood flow rate is at least 10.

9. A method according to claim 7, wherein the cleaning fluid contains a carrier that is able to bind the partially carrier bound substance in the blood.

12-15. -15. (canceled)

16. A device configured to remove partially carrier bound substances from blood comprising a blood circuit, a fluid circuit, and a filter having a semipermeable membrane separating a fluid compartment from a blood compartment, where blood is directed through the blood compartment and a cleaning fluid is directed through the fluid compartment wherein:

a mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter is at least 2000 ml/min;

a ratio between the mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter and a blood flow rate is at least 5;

a cleaning fluid flow rate is at least 2000 ml/min; and

a ratio between the cleaning fluid flow rate and the blood flow rate is at least 5.

17. A device according to claim 16, wherein

the ratio between the mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter and the blood flow rate is at least 10;

and

the ratio between the cleaning fluid flow rate and the blood flow rate is at least 10.

18. A device according to claim 16 wherein

the mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter is at least 5000 ml/min;

and

the cleaning fluid flow rate is at least 5000 ml/min.

19. A device according to claim 16, wherein parameters are chosen in relation to the product of a blood flow rate Q_b and a factor α

denoting the total amount of substance to be removed in relation to the fraction dissolved in plasma,

the mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter is at least 10% of said product; and

the cleaning fluid flow rate is at least 10% of said product.

20. A device according to claim 19, wherein

the mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter is at least 100% of said product;

and/or

the cleaning fluid flow rate is at least 100% of said product.

21. A device configured to remove partially carrier bound substances from blood comprising a blood circuit, a fluid circuit, and a filter having a semipermeable membrane separating a fluid compartment from a blood compartment, where blood is directed through the blood compartment and a cleaning fluid is directed through the fluid compartment wherein:

a mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter is at least 2000 ml/min;

a ratio between the mass transfer coefficient k_oA of the filter and a blood flow rate is at least 5; and

the cleaning fluid contains a carrier that is able to bind the partially carrier bound substances in the blood.

23. A device according to claim 21, wherein the membrane has been pretreated with a fluid containing a carrier that is able to bind the partially carrier bound substances in the blood.

25. A device according to claim 21, wherein the carrier is serum albumin.

26. A device according to claim 25, wherein concentration of the serum albumin is above 10 g/l.

22. A device configured to remove partially carrier bound substances from blood comprising a blood circuit, a fluid circuit, and a filter having a semipermeable membrane separating a fluid compartment from a blood compartment, where blood is directed through the blood compartment and a cleaning fluid is directed through the fluid compartment wherein:

the membrane has been pretreated with a fluid containing a carrier that is able to bind the partially carrier bound substances in the blood;

a cleaning fluid flow rate is at least 2000 ml/min; and

a ratio between the cleaning fluid flow rate and the blood flow rate is at least 10.

24. A device according to claim 22 wherein the cleaning fluid contains a carrier that is able to bind the partially carrier bound substances in the blood.

27-30. -30. (canceled)