SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR JOINT REPLACEMENT

• US 20100069911A1
• Filed: 07/24/2009
• Published: 03/18/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 07/24/2008
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Orthalign, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Orthalign, Inc.
• Inventors: Walt, Nicholas van der, Borja, Santiago P.
• Application Number:
  US12/509,410
• Publication Number:
  US 20100069911A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 606/88
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/154 for preparing bone for knee prosthesis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/155 Cutting femur
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/157 Cutting tibia
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1707 using electromagnetic effects, e.g. with magnet and external sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1764 for the knee
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/7017 pneumatic or hydraulic means
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2048 using an accelerometer or inertia sensor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/067 for measuring angles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/25 User interfaces for surgical systems

Abstract

Systems and methods for joint replacement are provided. The systems and methods include a surgical orientation device and at least one orthopedic fixture. The surgical orientation device and orthopedic fixtures can be used to locate the orientation of an axis in the body, to adjust an orientation of a cutting plane or planes along a bony surface, to distract a joint, or to otherwise assist in an orthopedic procedure or procedures.

Claims

1. An orthopedic system for orienting a cutting plane during a joint replacement procedure comprising:

a base member attachable to an anterior face of a tibia;

at least one adjustment device connected to and moveable relative to the base member;

at least one probe for referencing a plurality of anatomical landmarks, the anatomical landmarks referencing a mechanical axis of the leg;

wherein the at least one adjustment device is moveable in at least one degree of freedom so as to orient a cutting guide relative to a proximal feature of the tibia, such that the cutting guide is oriented at a selected angle relative to the mechanical axis.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a portable surgical orientation device coupled to the at least one adjustment device.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the at least one probe comprises a laser beam configured to direct light from one end of the portable surgical orientation device.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the base member comprises at least one bore for receiving a mounting pin, the mounting pin being insertable into the tibia to anchor the base member to the tibia.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the base member comprises a proximal mounting structure, a distal mounting structure, and an elongate member extending therebetween.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the orthopedic system comprises two adjustment devices, one adjustment device which is configured to rotate in a varus/valgus direction relative to the base member, and a second adjustment device which is configured to rotate in a flexion/extension direction relative to the base member, each of the first and second adjustment devices configured to be moved by turning a knob.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the orthopedic system comprises two adjustment devices, one adjustment device which is configured to move a medial or lateral direction relative to the base member, and a second adjustment device which is configured to move in a anterior or posterior direction relative to the base member, each of the first and second adjustment devices configured to be moved by turning a knob.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one probe comprises a mechanical target probe having an anatomical contact portion and a target portion.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one probe comprises a proximal portion and a distal portion connected by a hinged portion, wherein the distal portion is moveable by the hinge to engage at least one of a lateral malleolus and a medial malleolus.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one probe comprises a proximal portion coupled with the adjustment device, a distal portion, and an elongate member extending between the proximal and distal portion, the elongate member being extendable to position the distal portion at a range of positions relative to the base member such that the distal portion can be contacted with an anatomical landmark in an orthopedic procedure.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the probe further comprises an anterior-posterior adjustment mechanism comprising a tip portion for engaging an anatomical landmark.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein the elongate member comprises a telescoping rod and the anterior-posterior adjustment mechanism includes a rod coupled with the elongate member and configured to be translated over a range of positions toward and away from the elongate member.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein base member is configured to be coupled with a proximal tibia and the elongate member comprises a telescoping rod adapted to extend to at least one of a lateral and medial malleolus.

14. The system of claim 12, wherein base member is configured to be coupled with a distal femur and the elongate member comprises a telescoping rod adapted to extend to at least one of a center of rotation of a femur, a lesser trochanter, or a greater trochanter.

15. The system of claim 1, further comprising a cutting guide coupled with the adjustment device.

16. An orthopedic system for determining the orientation of an anatomical structure of a surgical instrument during an orthopedic procedure, comprising:

an orthopedic fixture configured to be coupled with a bone or limb having an adjustment device connected to and moveable relative to the bone or limb and at least one probe for referencing a plurality of anatomical landmarks; and

a surgical orientation device comprising a sensor for determining position relative to a reference in three dimensional space, a housing enclosing the sensor, the housing having a mounting structure disposed thereon; and

a clamping device connected to the orthopedic fixture and configured to engage the mounting structure of the surgical orientation device to removably couple the surgical orientation device with the orthopedic fixture;

wherein the adjustment device is configured to orient the surgical orientation device and the probe relative to an anatomical structure.

17. An orthopedic system, comprising:

a surgical orientation device comprising a sensor for determining position relative to a reference in three dimensional space, a housing enclosing the sensor, the housing having a mounting structure disposed thereon; and

a clamping device connectable to an orthopedic fixture and configured to engage the mounting structure of the surgical orientation device to removably couple the surgical orientation device with an orthopedic fixture.