Functionalized Nanopipette Biosensor
First Claim
1. A device for specific detection of an analyte in a sample containing electrolyte, comprising:
- (a) a nanopipette having a tip with a nanoscale opening between an interior of the nanopipette and an external area for contacting the sample, said nanopipette defining an internal volume communicating with the sample and said nanoscale opening constructed so that ionic current may be detectibly reduced when the tip is blocked by specific binding of analyte in the sample to the peptide binding molecule;
(b) said tip having chemically attached thereto a peptide binding molecule specifically binding to the analyte in the sample;
(c) a first electrode, arranged to be in contact with electrolyte in the interior of the nanopipette, and further arranged to be connected to an amplifier input in a current detecting circuit; and
(d) a second electrode, arranged to be in contact with the electrolyte, exterior of the nanopipette, and further arranged for connection to the current detecting circuit, whereby electrolyte in the interior of the nanopipette and electrolyte in the bath permits ionic current to flow between the electrodes and through the nanoscale opening in the tip.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Disclosed are methods and devices for biomolecular detection, comprising a nanopipette, exemplified as a hollow inert, non-biological structure with a conical tip opening of nanoscale dimensions, suitable for holding an electrolyte solution which may contain an analyte such as a protein biomolecule to be detected as it is passed through the tip opening. Biomolecules are detected by specific reaction withy peptide ligands chemically immobilized in the vicinity of the tip. Analytes which bind to the ligands cause a detectible change in ionic current. A sensitive detection circuit, using a feedback amplifier circuit, and alternating voltages is further disclosed. Detection of Il-10 at a concentration of 4 ng/nl is also disclosed, as is detection of VEGF.
96 Citations
22 Claims
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1. A device for specific detection of an analyte in a sample containing electrolyte, comprising:
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(a) a nanopipette having a tip with a nanoscale opening between an interior of the nanopipette and an external area for contacting the sample, said nanopipette defining an internal volume communicating with the sample and said nanoscale opening constructed so that ionic current may be detectibly reduced when the tip is blocked by specific binding of analyte in the sample to the peptide binding molecule; (b) said tip having chemically attached thereto a peptide binding molecule specifically binding to the analyte in the sample; (c) a first electrode, arranged to be in contact with electrolyte in the interior of the nanopipette, and further arranged to be connected to an amplifier input in a current detecting circuit; and (d) a second electrode, arranged to be in contact with the electrolyte, exterior of the nanopipette, and further arranged for connection to the current detecting circuit, whereby electrolyte in the interior of the nanopipette and electrolyte in the bath permits ionic current to flow between the electrodes and through the nanoscale opening in the tip. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. A method of making a nanopipette device, comprising the steps of:
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(a) forming a nanoscale opening in a tip portion of a quartz tube; (b) attaching a polyamine layer to the tip portion; (c) attaching a carboxyl layer to amines formed in step (b); (d) attaching a coupling protein to the carboxyl layer from step (c); and (e) attaching a peptide ligand to the coupling protein. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A method of detecting an analyte in a sample, comprising the steps of:
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(a) contacting the sample with a nanopipette having a tip with a nanoscale opening between an interior of the nanopipette and an external bath, the interior of the nanopipette communicating with the tip opening, for containing analyte material and allowing it to pass through the opening, said tip further having directly chemically attached thereto a peptide binding molecule specifically binding to the analyte; (b) applying an alternating voltage to a first electrode contacting analyte material in the interior of the nanopipette, said electrode being connecting to a current detecting circuit; (c) measuring ionic current flow between the first electrode and a second electrode, also for connection to the current detecting circuit, arranged to be in contact with an electrolyte in the bath, whereby electrolyte in the interior of the nanopipette and electrolyte in the bath permits ionic current to flow between the electrodes and through the tip, said ionic current being detectibly reduced when the tip is blocked by analyte. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22)
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Specification