OPERATIVELY TUNING IMPLANTS FOR INCREASED PERFORMANCE

• US 20100076563A1
• Filed: 09/19/2008
• Published: 03/25/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 09/19/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Smith & Nephew Incorporated (Smith & Nephew PLC)
• Original Assignee: Smith & Nephew Incorporated (Smith & Nephew PLC)
• Inventors: MCKINNON, Brian W., Nadzadi, Mark Ellsworth, OTTO, Jason Karl
• Granted Patent: US 8,078,440 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 623/20.140
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/108 Computer aided selection or customisation of medical implants or cutting guides
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/10 Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/103 Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes A61B5/08 takes precedence; measuring aids for tailors A41H1/00; measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry A61C19/04
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4528 Joints A61B5/4533, A61B5/4538 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4533 Ligaments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4824 Touch or pain perception evaluation A61B5/4821 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6878 Bone
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/38 for elbows or knees
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30943 using mathematical models
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30955 using finite-element analysis
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3096 trimmed or cut to a customised size
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 50/00 Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 80/00 Products made by additive manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: G16B 5/00 ICT specially adapted for modelling or simulations in systems biology, e.g. gene-regulatory networks, protein interaction networks or metabolic networks
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/30 relating to physical therapies or activities, e.g. physiotherapy, acupressure or exercising
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/40 relating to mechanical, radiation or invasive therapies, e.g. surgery, laser therapy, dialysis or acupuncture
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 30/20 for handling medical images, e.g. DICOM, HL7 or PACS
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/50 for simulation or modelling of medical disorders

Abstract

A method for preoperatively characterizing an individual patient'"'"'s biomechanic function in preparation of implanting a prosthesis is provided. The method includes subjecting a patient to various activities, recording relative positions of anatomy during said various activities, measuring force environments responsive to said patient'"'"'s anatomy and affected area during said various activities, characterizing the patient'"'"'s biomechanic function from said relative positions and corresponding force environments, inputting the measured force environments, relative positions of knee anatomy, and patient'"'"'s biomechanic function characterization into one or more computer simulation models, inputting a computer model of the prosthesis into said one or more computer simulation models, and manipulating the placement of the prosthesis in the computer simulation using said patient'"'"'s biomechanic function characterization and said computer model of the prosthesis to approximate a preferred biomechanical fit of the prosthesis.

Claims

1. A method for preoperatively characterizing an individual patient'"'"'s biomechanic function in preparation of implanting a prosthesis, comprising the steps of:

a. subjecting a patient to various activities;

b. recording relative positions of anatomy during said various activities;

c. measuring force environments responsive to said patient'"'"'s anatomy and affected area during said various activities;

d. characterizing the patient'"'"'s biomechanic function from said relative positions and corresponding force environments;

e. inputting the measured force environments, relative positions of knee anatomy, and patient'"'"'s biomechanic function characterization into one or more computer simulation models;

f. inputting a computer model of the prosthesis into said one or more computer simulation models; and

g. manipulating the placement of the prosthesis in the computer simulation using said patient'"'"'s biomechanic function characterization and said computer model of the prosthesis to approximate a preferred biomechanical fit of the prosthesis.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said one or more computer simulation model corresponds to at least one of said various activities.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the prosthesis is a standard prosthesis.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the prosthesis is a modular prosthesis.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the prosthesis comprises a unicondylar component and a patellofemoral component.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the prosthesis is a patient specific prosthesis shaped according to the patient'"'"'s anatomy.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the prosthesis is a patient specific prosthesis shaped according to the patient'"'"'s biomechanic function characterization.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the optimization step comprises the steps of:

a. iteratively running each of said one or more computer simulation models while changing at least one input variable between iterations; and

b. determining from said computer simulation models a relative placement for each of said one or more prosthesis components for the particular patient.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

a. recommending said preferred placement to a surgeon;

b. receiving input from the surgeon related to the recommended optimal placement, the input requesting an alteration of the placement; and

c. altering the placement of the prosthesis according to the input.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the recommending step comprises recommending a plurality of preferred placements, and the receiving step includes receiving surgeon input of the surgeon'"'"'s preference of the preferred placements.

11. The method of claim 9, further comprising providing means for implanting the prosthesis.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the prosthesis model is a 3-dimensional model.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein the said first prosthetic component is a patient specific prosthesis shaped according to the patient'"'"'s biomechanic function characterization.

13. A surgical method, comprising the steps of:

a. choosing preoperatively a first prosthetic component and a second prosthetic component, said first and second prosthetic components chosen based on at least one patient defect;

b. determining preoperatively a relationship between a first prosthetic component and a second prosthetic component based at least in part on information acquired about said first prosthetic component and information acquired about the second prosthetic component;

c. modeling preoperatively the anatomy of a patient;

d. orienting preoperatively said first and second prosthetic components to a preferred orientation based upon biomechanical fit of the implants relative to one another; and

e. shaping the bone to receive the first and second prosthetic components.

14. The surgical method of claim 13, wherein the first prosthetic component comprises a previously implanted fixed component, and the orienting step comprises orienting the second prosthetic component relative to the fixed component.

15. A surgical system comprising:

a. A first prosthetic component;

b. A second prosthetic component; and

c. a computer simulation configured to determine at least one of a spatial relationship, anatomic relationship, biomechanic relationship, geometric relationship, and a size relationship between said first prosthetic component and said second prosthetic component based at least in part on a first feature of said first prosthetic component and a second feature of said second prosthetic component.

16. The surgical system of claim 15, further comprising a bone model, the bone model entered into said computer simulation to further define the spatial relationship between said first prosthetic component and said second prosthetic component with respect to the bone model.

17. The surgical system of claim 15, wherein said first prosthetic component is a standard prosthetic component.

18. The surgical system of claim 15, wherein said first prosthetic component comprises a unicondylar component and said second prosthetic component comprises a patellofemoral component.

19. The surgical system of claim 15, wherein said first prosthetic component is a patient specific prosthesis shaped according to the patient'"'"'s anatomy.