Multi-Rate Encoder with GOP Alignment

• US 20100091888A1
• Filed: 10/13/2008
• Published: 04/15/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 10/13/2008
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: General Instrument Corporation (CommScope Holding Company, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: General Instrument Corporation (CommScope Holding Company, Inc.)
• Inventors: Nemiroff, Robert S.
• Application Number:
  US12/250,317
• Publication Number:
  US 20100091888A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 375/240.28
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/115 Selection of the code volume for a coding unit prior to coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/15 by monitoring actual compressed data size at the memory before deciding storage at the transmission buffer
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/177 the unit being a group of pictures [GOP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/23655 Statistical multiplexing, e.g. by controlling the encoder to alter its bitrate to optimize the bandwidth utilization
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2385 Channel allocation H04N21/266 takes precedence; Bandwidth allocation H04N21/24 takes precedence ; allocation of channels according to the instantaneous demands of the users in time-division multiplex systems H04J3/1682; admission control, resource allocation in open networks H04L12/5692; arrangements for maintenance or administration in data switching networks involving bandwidth and capacity management H04L41/0896; negotiating bandwidth in wireless networks H04W28/16
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2389 Multiplex stream processing, e.g. multiplex stream encrypting
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4385 Multiplex stream processing, e.g. multiplex stream decrypting
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/6377 directed to server one-way streaming services wherein the source is controlled by the destination H04L65/613
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/64792 Controlling the complexity of the content stream, e.g. by dropping packets intermediate media network packet handling H04L65/765; proxy provisioning conversion or adaptation for reducing the amount or size of exchanged application data H04L67/5651; negotiation of resources in wireless networks H04W28/16
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/658 Transmission by the client directed to the server

Abstract

A multi-rate encoder includes one or more encoder sets. Each encoder set includes multiple encoders receiving a same video source stream. The encoder sets are configured to transmit multiple encoded streams of the same video source stream at different bit-rates. The streams are aligned and transmitted from the multi-rate encoder.

Claims

1. A multi-rate encoder comprising:

at least one encoder set

including multiple encoders receiving a same video source stream and being configured to transmit multiple encoded streams of the same video source stream at different bit-rates;

wherein each encoder set is configured to

align the same video source stream among the multiple encoders on a same unencoded picture of the same video source stream,

align the multiple encoded streams on a corresponding boundary of a same encoded GOP service, and

transmit the encoded GOP service set in alignment;

the multiple encoders of the at least one encoder set including

a first encoder receiving the same video source stream and encoding the same video source stream at a first bit rate of the different bit-rates; and

a second encoder receiving the same video source stream and encoding the same video source stream at a second bit rate of the different bit-rates.

2. The multi-rate encoder according to claim 1, wherein the at least one encoder set further comprises:

a master encoder comprising an alignment module, and an alignment control module;

wherein the alignment module is operable to control alignment of the received video source stream in response to the alignment control module; and

a slave encoder comprising an alignment module;

wherein the alignment module of the slave encoder is operable to align the received video source stream with respect to the aligned video source stream of the master encoder in response to the alignment control module of the master encoder.

3. The multi-rate encoder according to claim 2, wherein the master encoder further comprises a GOP coding module and a master coding control module;

wherein the slave encoder further comprises a GOP coding module; and

wherein the GOP coding module of the master encoder and the GOP coding module of the slave encoder are controlled by the master coding control module of the master encoder to encode the same unencoded picture on the boundary of an unencoded GOP.

4. The multi-rate encoder according to claim 3, wherein the master encoder further comprises a transport rate buffer and a master transport rate control module;

wherein the slave encoder further comprises a transport rate buffer; and

wherein the transport buffer of the master encoder and the transport rate buffer of the slave encoder are controlled by the master transport rate control module to send the an encoded GOP of different bit rates in alignment.

5. A method of coding a video source stream comprising:

receiving an unencoded video source stream at multiple encoders;

aligning the unencoded video source stream among the multiple encoders;

encoding the aligned unencoded video source stream at each of the multiple encoders to create a service set of multiple encoded video streams of different bit rates; and

transmitting the multiple encoded video streams.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

prior to transmitting the multiple encoded video streams, aligning the multiple encoded video streams of different bit rates among the output of the multiple encoders; and

the transmitting includes transmitting the multiple encoded video streams in alignment.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step of aligning the unencoded video source stream further comprises:

aligning the unencoded video source stream on a common GOP boundary.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the step of aligning the unencoded video source stream further comprises:

comparing a metric determined by each encoder of an encoded picture received by each encoder.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the step of encoding the aligned unencoded video source stream further comprises:

allocating multiple GOP bit budgets according to a rate control function to create a set of multiple encoded GOPs of different bit rates in the service set, wherein the allocating occurs on an encoded GOP by encoded GOP basis.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the step of encoding the aligned video source stream further comprises:

storing each set of multiple encoded GOPs, wherein said storing occurs on an encoded GOP by encoded GOP basis.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein each set of multiple encoded GOPs comprises a highest bit-rate encoded GOP and one or more encoded GOPs of different lower bit rates.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the step of encoding the aligned unencoded video source stream further comprises:

dividing the bit-rate of the highest rate encoded GOP in each set of multiple encoded GOPs by the number of encoded bits therein, wherein said step of dividing calculates a gop_time in which to transmit each set of multiple encoded GOPs, and wherein said step of dividing occurs on an encoded GOP by encoded GOP basis.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein each highest bit-rate encoded GOP is encoded by a fixed constant bit-rate encoder, and each lower bit-rate encoded GOP is encoded by a corresponding variable lower bit-rate encoder, and the ratio of target encoded gop_bits to encoded bit-rate is the same for each encoder.

14. The method according to claim 13 wherein each highest bit-rate encoded GOP is encoded by a capped variable bit-rate encoder, and each lower bit-rate encoded GOP is encoded by a corresponding capped variable lower bit-rate encoder, and the ratio of encoded target gop_bits to encoded bit-rate is the same for each encoder on an encoded GOP by encoded GOP basis.

15. The method according to claim 11, further comprising at least two of the multiple bit-encoders creating a different encoded GOP structure from the same aligned unencoded GOP.

16. The method according to claim 11, wherein the step of transmitting the multiple encoded video streams further comprises:

computing a transport rate of each stored set of multiple encoded GOPs, wherein said computing occurs on an encoded GOP by encoded GOP basis.

17. The method according to claim 5, wherein transmitting the multiple encoded video streams further comprises:

determining a master time stamp for a master encoder of the multiple encoders; and

embedding the master time stamp into each of the multiple encoded video streams, wherein the master time stamp is used to synchronize decoding of any of the streams.

18. The method of claim 5, wherein encoding the aligned unencoded video source stream at each of the multiple encoders to create a service set of multiple encoded video streams of different bit rates comprises

encoding the aligned unencoded video source stream to create multiple streams of encoded GOPs of different bit rates, wherein said encoding occurs on an unencoded GOP by unencoded GOP basis;

and

transmitting each encoded GOP on or after expiration of the encoded gop_time.

19. The method according to claim 18, further comprising:

receiving each stream of encoded GOPs;

selecting a stream of encoded GOPs on a boundary of a GOP service set;

transmitting the selected stream of encoded GOPs;

switching from the selected stream of encoded GOPs to another stream of encoded GOPs; and

transmitting the switched stream of encoded GOPs.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the step of encoding further comprises:

calculating a different video buffer verifier for each stream of encoded GOPs, wherein the calculating occurs on an encoded GOP by encoded GOP basis;

wherein the calculating further comprises subtracting an offset from an available size of a decoder buffer verifier; and

wherein each offset is computed on an encoded GOP by encoded GOP basis by multiplying a system delay by the difference between the encoded bit-rate of the highest rate encoder and the encoded bit-rate of the switched bit-rate encoder.

21. A computer readable storage medium on which is embedded one or more computer programs, the one or more computer programs implementing a method for encoding a video source stream, the one or more computer programs comprising computer readable code for:

receiving an unencoded video source stream at multiple encoders;

aligning the unencoded video source stream among the multiple encoders;

encoding the aligned unencoded video source stream at each of the multiple encoders to create a service set of multiple encoded video streams of different bit rates; and

transmitting the multiple encoded video streams.

22. The computer readable storage medium according to claim 21, wherein prior to transmitting the multiple encoded video streams, aligning the multiple encoded video streams of different bit rates among the output of the multiple encoders;

and

the transmitting includes transmitting the multiple encoded video streams in alignment.

23. The computer readable storage medium according to claim 22, further comprising computer readable code for aligning the unencoded video source stream on a common GOP boundary.

24. The computer readable storage medium according to claim 22, further comprising computer readable code for:

allocating multiple GOP bit budgets according to a rate control function to create a set of multiple encoded GOPs of different bit rates in the service set, wherein the allocating occurs on an encoded GOP by encoded GOP basis.