Nicotine Immunonanotherapeutics

• US 20100092425A1
• Filed: 04/22/2009
• Published: 04/15/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 10/12/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Brigham and Women's Hospital Incorporated, President and Fellows of Harvard College (Harvard Corporation), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: President and Fellows of Harvard College (Harvard Corporation)
• Inventors: Farokhzad, Omid, Moseman, Ashley, Langer, Robert, Iannacone, Matteo, von Andrian, Ulrich, Basto, Pamela, Shi, Jinjun, Alexis, Frank
• Granted Patent: US 8,591,905 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 424/85.2
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 39/00 Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies materials for immunoassay G01N33/53
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 39/4611 T-cells, e.g. tumor infiltrating lymphocytes [TIL], lymphokine-activated killer cells [LAK] or regulatory T cells [Treg]
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 39/4612 B-cells
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 39/4622 Antigen presenting cells
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 39/4632 T-cell receptors [TCR]; antibody T-cell receptor constructs
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 39/4644 Cancer antigens
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 39/464838 Viral antigens
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/00 Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/34 Tobacco-abuse
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 35/00 Antineoplastic agents
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 37/04 Immunostimulants

Abstract

The present invention provides compositions and systems for delivery of nanocarriers to cells of the immune system. The invention provides nanocarriers capable of stimulating an immune response in T cells and/or in B cells. The invention provides nanocarriers that comprise an immunofeature surface having a plurality of nicotine moieties. The invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising inventive nanocarriers. The present invention provides methods of designing, manufacturing, and using inventive nanocarriers and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. For example, the present invention nanocarriers capable of eliciting an immune response and the production of anti-nicotine antibodies.

Claims

1. A composition comprising:

(1) synthetic nanocarriers having at least one surface, wherein a first surface of the synthetic nanocarriers comprises an immunofeature surface comprising a plurality of nicotine moieties; and

(2) a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises an immunostimulatory agent, wherein the immunostimulatory agent:

(i) is associated with the immunofeature surface;

(ii) is associated with a second surface of the nanocarrier;

or (iii) is encapsulated within the nanocarrier.

3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the synthetic nanocarriers are capable of activating CD4+ T cells, NKT cells, or both when administered to a human.

4. The composition of claim 1, wherein the synthetic nanocarriers are capable of stimulating production of anti-nicotine IgG antibodies when administered to a human.

5. The composition of claim 1, wherein the synthetic nanocarriers are capable of eliciting a humoral immune response in a human subject.

6. The composition of claim 1, wherein, when the synthetic nanocarriers are administered to a human subject, the synthetic nanocarriers are capable of being translocated across a subcapsular sinus (SCS) floor by SCS macrophages in the subject.

7. The composition of claim 2, wherein the immunostimulatory agent is selected from a TLR agonist, an interleukin, an interferon, a cytokine, and an adjuvant.

8. The composition of claim 1, wherein the synthetic nanocarriers comprises polymer molecules, and wherein the plurality of nicotine moieties are covalently attached to the polymer molecules.

9. The composition of claim 8, wherein the plurality of nicotine moieties are (S)-(−

)-nicotine moieties, and wherein the synthetic nanocarriers comprise a polymer having the structure of formula (I)

(X)_n-L1-(Y)_mL2-A 

 

(I)

wherein;

X is a hydrophobic polymer segment;

Y is a hydrophilic polymer segment;

n and m are selected from 0 and 1, provided that n and m are not both 0;

L1 and L2 are independently selected from a bond and a linking group; and

A is (S)-(−

)-nicotine.

10. The composition of claim 8, wherein the plurality of nicotine moieties comprises (S)-(−

)-nicotine having the structure

11. The composition of claim 1, wherein the plurality of nicotine moieties are present in a density equal to or greater than the density required to obtain at least 10% of the maximal immobilization observed for a monoclonal antibody (MAb) in an antigen presenting cell (APC) binding assay, provided that, in the APC binding assay, the half maximal binding density for the plurality of moieties is at least twice the half maximal binding density for the MAb.

12. The composition of claim 11, wherein the plurality of nicotine moieties are present in a density equal to or greater than the density required to obtain at least 20% of the maximal immobilization observed for a MAb in the APC binding assay.

13. The composition of claim 11, wherein the half maximal binding density for the plurality of moieties is at least four times the half maximal binding density for the MAb.

14. The composition of claim 11, wherein the APC binding assay comprises:

(a) preparing a series of substrates having coatings of a functional moiety at a series of surface coating densities, wherein the functional moiety is capable of binding to dendritic cell (DC) or subcapsular sinus macrophage surface receptors;

(b) exposing the series of substrates to single-cell suspensions of DCs or subcapsular sinus macrophages for a predetermined period of time;

(c) removing non-adhered APCs from the series of substrates, and fixing the adhered APCs to the series of substrates;

(d) quantifying the number of adhered APCs per unit surface area for each substrate in the series of substrates;

(e) plotting the result from (d) against the coating density of the functional moiety;

(f) obtaining a value for the maximal immobilization by determining the maximum number of adhered APCs per unit surface area for the series of substrates; and

(g) obtaining a value for half maximal binding density by determining the surface coating density that provides 50% of the maximum.

15. The composition of claim 11, wherein the MAb is anti-CD1c (BDCA-1) Clone AD5-8E7, or rat anti-mouse CD169, clone 3D6.112, isotype IgG2a.

16. The composition of claim 1, wherein the nicotine comprises a derivative, metabolite, or analog of nicotine.

17. A method comprising administering the composition of claim 1 to a subject having a baseline IgG anti-nicotine antibody serum concentration of less than 100 ng/ml, wherein a post-administration anti-nicotine IgG antibody peak serum concentration in the subject is more than 200 ng/ml.

18. A method comprising administering the composition of claim 1 to a subject that has not been previously vaccinated against nicotine, wherein a post-administration anti-nicotine antibody peak concentration in the subject is greater than or equal to 100 ng/ml.

19. A method comprising:

administering to a subject an initial dose of the composition of claim 1; and

administering to the subject a first subsequent dose of the composition of claim 1 at a time period after the administration of the initial dose.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the time period after the administration of the initial dose is between 1 day and 1 year.

21. The method of claim 19, further comprising administering to the subject a second subsequent dose of the composition of claim 1 at a time period after the administration of the first subsequent dose.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the time period after the administration of the first subsequent dose is between 1 day and 1 year.