METHODS AND MATERIALS FOR CONTROLLING THE ELECTROCHEMISTRY OF ANALYTE SENSORS
First Claim
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1. A method of modulating electrochemical reactions within an implantable analyte sensor, the method comprising performing electrochemical reactions within an implantable analyte sensor comprising:
- a working electrode having a reactive surface area, wherein during analyte sensing, the working electrode generates electrons that reduce a plurality of composition species in the electrochemical reaction including oxygen (O2); and
a counter electrode having a reactive surface area, wherein the size of the reactive surface area of the counter electrode is selected so as to control the reduction of the plurality of composition species in the electrochemical reaction so that oxygen (O2) is the predominant composition species reduced by the electrons generated at the working electrode;
so that electrochemical reactions within the implantable analyte sensor are modulated.
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Abstract
Embodiments of the invention provide electrochemical analyte sensors having elements designed to modulate their electrochemical reactions as well as methods for making and using such sensors.
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Citations
10 Claims
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1. A method of modulating electrochemical reactions within an implantable analyte sensor, the method comprising performing electrochemical reactions within an implantable analyte sensor comprising:
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a working electrode having a reactive surface area, wherein during analyte sensing, the working electrode generates electrons that reduce a plurality of composition species in the electrochemical reaction including oxygen (O2); and a counter electrode having a reactive surface area, wherein the size of the reactive surface area of the counter electrode is selected so as to control the reduction of the plurality of composition species in the electrochemical reaction so that oxygen (O2) is the predominant composition species reduced by the electrons generated at the working electrode; so that electrochemical reactions within the implantable analyte sensor are modulated. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. An implantable electrochemical analyte sensor comprising:
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a working electrode having a reactive surface area, wherein during analyte sensing, the working electrode generates electrons that reduce a plurality of composition species in the electrochemical reaction including oxygen (O2); and a counter electrode having a reactive surface area, wherein the size of the reactive surface area of the counter electrode is selected so as to control the reduction of the plurality of composition species in the electrochemical reaction so that oxygen (O2) is the predominant composition species reduced by the electrons generated at the working electrode; an analyte sensing layer disposed on the working electrode, wherein the analyte sensing layer detectably alters the electrical current at the working electrode in the presence of an analyte; an adhesion promoting layer disposed on the analyte sensing layer or the protein layer, wherein the adhesion promoting layer promotes the adhesion between the analyte sensing layer and an analyte modulating layer disposed on the analyte sensing layer; and an analyte modulating layer disposed on the analyte sensing layer, wherein the analyte modulating layer modulates the diffusion of the analyte therethrough; and a cover layer disposed on at least a portion of the analyte modulating layer, wherein the cover layer further includes an aperture over at least a portion of the analyte modulating layer.
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Specification