Redriver with Output Receiver Detection that Mirrors Detected Termination on Output to Input

• US 20100105319A1
• Filed: 10/23/2008
• Published: 04/29/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 10/23/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Diodes Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Pericom Semiconductor Corporation (Diodes Incorporated)
• Inventors: Zhang, Michael Y., Yeung, Tony
• Granted Patent: US 8,212,587 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 455/18
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 19/0005 Modifications of input or output impedance
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/36 Repeater circuits H04B3/58 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0272 Arrangements for coupling to multiple lines, e.g. for differential transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0278 Arrangements for impedance matching
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0286 Provision of wave shaping within the driver wave shaping per se H04L25/03834
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/029 Provision of high-impedance states
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0298 Arrangement for terminating transmission lines
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03878 Line equalisers; line build-out devices

Abstract

A redriver chip is inserted between a transmitter chip and a receiver chip and re-drives differential signals from the transmitter chip to the receiver chip. The redriver chip has switched output termination that switches to a high value to detect far-end termination at the receiver chip, and to a low value for signaling. An output detector detects when the receiver chip has termination to ground and enables switched input termination to provide termination to ground on the lines back to the transmitter chip so that the far-end termination on the receiver chip is mirrored back to the transmitter chip, hiding the redriver chip. An input signal detector detects when the transmitter chip begins signaling and enables an equalizer, limiter, pre-driver, and output stage to re-drive the signals to the receiver chip. The input signal detector also causes the switched output termination to switch to the low value termination for signaling.

Claims

1. A redriver device comprising:

a differential input including a true differential input and a complement differential input, the true and complement differential inputs being driven to opposite states by a remote transmitter transmitting data;

a differential output including a true differential output and a complement differential output, the true and complement differential outputs being driven to opposite states by the redriver device when re-transmitting data to a remote receiver;

a differential redriving circuit, coupled to the differential input, for re-driving data sent by the remote transmitter onto the differential output as re-transmitted data; and

an output detector, coupled to the differential output, for detecting a far-end termination on the remote receiver and activating a detect signal in response to detection of the far-end termination,

whereby the far-end termination on the remote receiver is detected the redriver device.

2. The redriver device of claim 1 further comprising:

a true switched input termination resistor, coupled to the true differential input in response to the detect signal being activated, and disconnected from the true differential input in response to the detect signal not being activated; and

a complement switched input termination resistor, coupled to the complement differential input in response to the detect signal being activated, and disconnected from the complement differential input in response to the detect signal not being activated;

wherein the true switched input termination resistor and the complement switched input termination resistor provide termination to the remote transmitter when the output detector detects the far-end termination on the remote receiver,

whereby the far-end termination on the remote receiver is mirrored to the remote transmitter by the true switched input termination resistor and the complement switched input termination resistor on the differential input of the redriver device.

3. The redriver device of claim 2 further comprising:

a true input termination transistor, coupled in series with the true switched input termination resistor, for blocking current flow through the true switched input termination resistor when the detect signal is not activated, and for conducting current through the true switched input termination resistor when the detect signal is activated; and

a complement input termination transistor, coupled in series with the complement switched input termination resistor, for blocking current flow through the complement switched input termination resistor when the detect signal is not activated, and for conducting current through the complement switched input termination resistor when the detect signal is activated.

4. The redriver device of claim 3 wherein the true input termination transistor and the true switched input termination resistor are connected in series between the true differential input and a ground;

wherein the complement input termination transistor and the complement switched input termination resistor are connected in series between the complement differential input and the ground.

5. The redriver device of claim 2 wherein the differential redriving circuit further comprises:

an equalizer that shapes a waveform of the data received over the differential input to generate equalized data;

a pre-driver that receives the equalized data from the equalizer and generates buffered data;

an output stage that receives the buffered data from the pre-driver and drives current onto the true differential output and onto the complement differential output.

6. The redriver device of claim 5 wherein the differential output comprises a true line and a complement line that are driven by the differential redriving circuit in opposite directions to indicate data in the re-driven signal;

further comprising;

a first external coupling capacitor coupled between the differential redriving circuit and the remote receiver on the true line of the differential output;

a second external coupling capacitor coupled between the differential redriving circuit and the remote receiver on the complement line of the differential output;

wherein the first external coupling capacitor prevents D.C. current flow on the true line between the redriver device and the remote receiver;

wherein the second external coupling capacitor prevents D.C. current flow on the complement line between the redriver device and the remote receiver.

7. The redriver device of claim 6 wherein the output detector detects a D.C. voltage on the differential output that depends on a charging time of the first external coupling capacitor;

wherein the charging time is greater when the far-end termination is enabled on the remote receiver than when the far-end termination is not enabled on the remote receiver.

8. The redriver device of claim 6 wherein the output detector further comprises:

a pulse generator that generates a pulse;

a delay circuit that generates a delayed pulse;

a true compare gate that receives the true differential output and generates a true detect signal when the true differential output is below a compare voltage;

a complement compare gate that receives the complement differential output and generates a complement detect signal when the complement differential output is below a compare voltage;

a combining gate that combines the true detect signal and the complement detect signal to generate a combined detect signal; and

a flip-flop that receives the delayed pulse as a clock, and samples the combined detect signal in response to the delayed pulse to generate the detect signal.

9. The redriver device of claim 8 wherein the pulse generator is activated by a reset signal or detection of power being applied to the redriver device.

10. The redriver device of claim 6 further comprising:

a input signal detector, coupled to the differential input, for activating a signal-detect signal when the true differential input and the complement differential input are varying in voltage to carry the data sent from the remote transmitter;

a true switched output termination resistor, coupled to the true differential output in response to the signal-detect signal being activated, and disconnected from the true differential output in response to the signal-detect signal not being activated;

a complement switched output termination resistor, coupled to the complement differential output in response to the signal-detect signal being activated, and disconnected from the complement differential output in response to the signal-detect signal not being activated;

whereby output termination is switched to the differential output in response to the signal-detect signal from the input signal detector.

11. The redriver device of claim 10 further comprising:

a true switched output-sensing termination resistor, coupled to the true differential output in response to an evaluation signal being activated, and disconnected from the true differential output in response to the evaluation signal not being activated;

a complement switched output-sensing termination resistor, coupled to the complement differential output in response to the evaluation signal being activated, and disconnected from the complement differential output in response to the evaluation signal not being activated;

wherein the evaluation signal is activated when the output detector detects the far-end termination.

12. The redriver device of claim 5 wherein the differential redriving circuit further comprises:

a limiter that clips voltages of the equalized data.

13. A method for mirroring detected far-end termination on a receiver to an input connected to a transmitter comprising:

disconnecting an input termination resistance from an input to a redriver chip inserted between the transmitter and the receiver to set an input impedance of the input to a high-impedance state;

disconnecting a first output termination resistance and a second output termination resistance from an output to the redriver chip inserted between the transmitter and the receiver to set an output impedance of the output to the high-impedance state;

connecting the first output termination resistance to the output to set the output impedance to a first low-impedance state;

waiting for a period of time to elapse after connecting the first output termination resistance to the output;

sensing the output to detect when a far-end termination is connected to the receiver and activating a detect signal when detected; and

when the detect signal is activated, connecting the input termination resistance to the input to mirror the far-end termination on the receiver to be visible to the transmitter;

wherein the input impedance is set to a low-impedance state to mirror the far-end termination on the receiver for signaling.

14. The method of claim 13 further comprising:

sensing the input to detect when the transmitter is varying the input to send transmission signals to the receiver and activating an input-sensed signal when detected;

when the input-sensed signal is activated, connecting the second output termination resistance to the output and redriving the transmission signals received by the input to the output for re-transmission to the receiver to set the output impedance to a second low-impedance state.

15. The method of claim 14 further comprising:

when the input-sensed signal is activated, disconnecting the first output termination resistance to the output for replacement by the second output termination resistance;

wherein the second low-impedance state has a higher impedance than the first low-impedance state, wherein impedance is lowered when the input-sensed signal is activated.

16. The method of claim 13 wherein sensing the output to detect when a far-end termination is connected to the receiver comprises:

using the first output termination resistance to charge a coupling capacitor coupled between the output and the far-end termination on the receiver;

after the period of time, comparing a voltage of the output to a threshold voltage to detect when the coupling capacitor has been rapidly charged and when the coupling capacitor has been slowly charged; and

when the coupling capacitor has been slowly charged, activating the detect signal.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein connecting the first output termination resistance to the output comprises turning on a first transistor in series with the first output termination resistance between the output and a power supply;

wherein connecting the second output termination resistance to the output comprises turning on a second transistor in series with the second output termination resistance between the output and the power supply;

wherein connecting the input termination resistance to the input comprises turning on a third transistor in series with the input termination resistance between the input and a ground.

18. A differential redriver comprising:

a differential input having a true input line and a complement input line that are driven in opposite directions by a remote transmitter;

a differential output having a true output line and a complement output line;

wherein the true output line is coupled to a true input of a remote receiver through a true coupling capacitor;

wherein the complement output line is coupled to a complement input of the remote receiver through a complement coupling capacitor;

an equalizer that shapes a waveform of data received over the differential input to generate equalized data;

a pre-driver that receives the equalized data from the equalizer and generates buffered data;

an output stage that receives the buffered data from the pre-driver and drives current onto the true output line and onto the complement output line;

output sensing means for sensing the differential output to detect when a far-end termination is connected to the remote receiver and for activating a detect signal when detected;

a true input resistor for selectively mirroring the far-end termination back to the remote transmitter;

a complement input resistor for selectively mirroring the far-end termination back to the remote transmitter;

a true input transistor connected in series with the true input resistor between the true input line and a ground, wherein a gate of the true input transistor is controlled by the detect signal; and

a complement input transistor connected in series with the complement input resistor between the complement input line and a ground, wherein a gate of the complement input transistor is controlled by the detect signal;

whereby when the detect signal is activated, input termination is connected to the differential input to mirror the far-end termination on the remote receiver to be visible to the remote transmitter.

19. The differential redriver of claim 18 wherein the output stage comprises:

a current sink from a source node to a ground;

a true differential transistor receiving a true buffered data signal from the pre-driver on a gate, and has a source connected to the source node and a drain connected to the true output line;

a true termination resistor connected between the true output line and a first node;

a true switching transistor having a channel between the first node and a power supply, and a gate driven by a first control signal;

a true sensing resistor connected between the true output line and a second node;

a true sensing transistor having a channel connected between the second node and the power supply, and a gate driven by a second control signal;

a complement termination resistor connected between the complement output line and a third node;

a complement switching transistor having a channel between the third node and the power supply, and a gate driven by the first control signal;

a complement sensing resistor connected between the complement output line and a fourth node;

a complement sensing transistor having a channel connected between the fourth node and the power supply, and a gate driven by the second control signal;

wherein the second control signal is activated by the output sensing means when sensing the differential output to detect when a far-end termination;

input sensing means for sensing the differential input to detect when the remote transmitter is varying the differential input to send data to the remote receiver and activating the first control signal when detected;

wherein the first control signal is activated to connect sensing resistors to allow the output sensing means to sense the differential output for the far-end termination.

20. The differential redriver of claim 19 further comprising:

an enable signal, generated by the input sensing means, for enabling the output stage when the first control signal is activated, and for powering down the output stage when the first control signal is not activated;

wherein the true termination resistor and the complement termination resistor are about 50 ohms;

wherein the true sensing resistor and the complement sensing resistor are about 2K ohms;

wherein the differential output is initially in a high-impedance state, then in a state of 2K-ohm impedance when the output sensing means is active, and then in a 50-ohm impedance state when the remote transmitter is varying the differential input to send data to the remote receiver,

whereby the differential output has three impedance states.