POWER COMBINERS AND DIVIDERS BASED ON COMPOSITE RIGHT AND LEFT HANDED METAMATERIAL STRUCTURES
First Claim
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1. A composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial device for dividing or combining power, comprising:
- a dielectric substrate;
a plurality of branch CRLH transmission lines each formed on the substrate to have an electrical length that corresponds to a phase of zero degree, 180 degrees or a multiple of 180 degrees at an operating signal frequency, each CRLH transmission line having a first terminal and a second terminal; and
a main signal feed line formed on the substrate and having a first feed line terminal and a second feed line terminal, wherein the second feed line terminal is electrically coupled to the second terminals of the CRLH transmission lines to combine power from the branch CRLH transmission lines to output a combined signal at the second feed line terminal or to distribute power in a signal received at the first feed line terminal into signals directed to the second terminals of the branch CRLH transmission lines for output at the respect first terminals of the branch CRLH transmission lines, respectively.
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Abstract
Techniques, apparatus and systems that use composite left and right handed (CRLH) metamaterial structures to combine and divide electromagnetic signals at multiple frequencies. The metamaterial properties permit significant size reduction over a conventional N-way radial power combiner or divider. Dual-band serial power combiners and dividers and single-band and dual-band radial power combiners and dividers are described.
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Citations
58 Claims
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1. A composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial device for dividing or combining power, comprising:
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a dielectric substrate;
a plurality of branch CRLH transmission lines each formed on the substrate to have an electrical length that corresponds to a phase of zero degree, 180 degrees or a multiple of 180 degrees at an operating signal frequency, each CRLH transmission line having a first terminal and a second terminal; and
a main signal feed line formed on the substrate and having a first feed line terminal and a second feed line terminal, wherein the second feed line terminal is electrically coupled to the second terminals of the CRLH transmission lines to combine power from the branch CRLH transmission lines to output a combined signal at the second feed line terminal or to distribute power in a signal received at the first feed line terminal into signals directed to the second terminals of the branch CRLH transmission lines for output at the respect first terminals of the branch CRLH transmission lines, respectively. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial device for dividing or combining power, comprising:
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a dielectric substrate;
a plurality of branch CRLH transmission lines each formed on the substrate to have a first electrical length that corresponds to a first phase value selected from zero degree, 180 degrees or a multiple of 180 degrees at a first operating signal frequency and a second electrical length that corresponds to a second, different phase value selected from zero degree, 180 degrees or a multiple of 180 degrees at a second, different signal frequency, each branch CRLH transmission line having a first terminal and a second terminal; and
a main signal feed line formed on the substrate and having a first feed line terminal and a second feed line terminal, wherein the second feed line terminal is electrically coupled to the second terminals of the branch CRLH transmission lines to combine power from the branch CRLH transmission lines to output a combined signal at the second feed line terminal or to distribute power in a signal received at the first feed line terminal into signals directed to the second terminals of the branch CRLH transmission lines for output at the respect first terminals of the branch CRLH transmission lines, respectively. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
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28. A method for dividing or combining power based on composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial structures, comprising:
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using at least two CRLH transmission lines each having an electrical length that corresponds to a phase of zero degree, 180 degrees or a multiple of 180 degrees at an operating signal frequency; and
electrically connecting one terminal of a signal feed line as a common electrical connect to one terminals of the at least two CRLH transmission lines to combine power from the CRLH transmission lines to output a combined signal at the operating signal frequency or to distribute power in a signal received by the feed line terminal at the operating signal frequency to the CRLH transmission lines, respectively. - View Dependent Claims (29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)
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35. A composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial device for dividing or combining power, comprising:
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a dielectric substrate;
a CRLH transmission line comprising a plurality of CRLH unit cells coupled in series, each CRLH unit cell structured to have a first electrical length that corresponds to a phase of zero degree, 180 degrees or a multiple of 180 degrees at a first signal frequency and a second, different electrical length that corresponds to a phase of zero degree, 180 degrees or a multiple of 180 degrees at a second, different signal frequency;
a first CRLH feed line connected to a first location on the CRLH transmission line and comprising at least one CRLH unit cell that has a third electrical length that corresponds to a phase of 90 degrees or an odd multiple of 90 degrees at the first signal frequency and a fourth electrical length that is different from the third electrical length and corresponds to a phase of 90 degrees or an odd multiple of 90 degrees at the second signal frequency; and
a second CRLH feed line connected to a second location on the CRLH transmission line and comprising at least one CRLH unit cell that has the third electrical length at the first signal frequency and the fourth electrical length at the second signal frequency. - View Dependent Claims (36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45)
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46. A composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial device for dividing or combining power, comprising:
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a dielectric substrate;
a CRLH transmission line comprising a plurality of CRLH unit cells coupled in series, each CRLH unit cell structured to have a first electrical length that corresponds to a phase of zero degree, 180 degrees or a multiple of 180 degrees at a first signal frequency and a second, different electrical length that corresponds to a phase of zero degree, 180 degrees or a multiple of 180 degrees at a second, different signal frequency;
a transmission line capacitor connected in series to one end of the CRLH transmission line;
a first port capacitor having a first terminal connected to a first location on the CRLH transmission line and a second terminal;
a first CRLH feed line connected to the second terminal of the first port capacitor to be capacitively coupled to the CRLH transmission line and comprising at least one CRLH unit cell that has a third electrical length that corresponds to a phase of 90 degrees or an odd multiple of 90 degrees at the first signal frequency and a fourth electrical length that is different from the third electrical length and corresponds to a phase of 90 degrees or an odd multiple of 90 degrees at the second signal frequency;
a second port capacitor having a first terminal connected to a second location on the CRLH transmission line and a second terminal; and
a second CRLH feed line connected to a second terminal of the second port capacitor to be capacitively coupled to the CRLH transmission line and comprising at least one CRLH unit cell that has the third electrical length at the first signal frequency and the fourth electrical length at the second signal frequency. - View Dependent Claims (47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56)
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57. A composite right and left handed (CRLH) metamaterial device for dividing or combining power, comprising:
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a dielectric substrate;
a dual-band CRLH transmission line comprising of a plurality of CRLH unit cells coupled in series, each CRLH unit cell having a first electrical length that is a multiple of +/−
180 degrees at the first signal frequency and a second, different electrical length that is a different multiple of +/−
180 degrees at the second signal frequency;
a first CRLH feed line electrically coupled to a first location on the dual-band CRLH transmission line comprising of at least one CRLH unit cell that has a third electrical length that is an odd multiple of +/−
90 degrees at the first signal frequency and a fourth, different electrical length that is a different odd multiple of +/−
90 degrees at the second signal frequency; and
a second CRLH feed line capacitively coupled to a second location on the dual-band CRLH transmission line comprising of at least one CRLH unit cell that has the third electrical length at the first signal frequency and the fourth electrical length at the second signal frequency. - View Dependent Claims (58)
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Specification