PATIENT-BASED PARAMETER GENERATION SYSTEMS FOR MEDICAL INJECTION PROCEDURES

• US 20100113887A1
• Filed: 12/21/2007
• Published: 05/06/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 12/29/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Bayer Healthcare LLC (Bayer AG)
• Original Assignee: Medrad Incorporated (Bayer AG)
• Inventors: Cosgrove, Erin, McCutchan, Larry, Kalafut, John
• Granted Patent: US 9,302,044 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/300
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/032 Transmission computed tomography [CT]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/037 Emission tomography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/507 for determination of haemodynamic parameters, e.g. perfusion CT
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/544 dependent on patient size
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/481 involving the use of contrast agent, e.g. microbubbles introduced into the bloodstream analysis of echo signal exploiting properties of a contrast enhancer in devices for short-range imaging with acoustic waves G01S7/52039
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/14208 with a programmable infusion control system, characterised by the infusion program
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/04 Heartbeat characteristics, e.g. ECG, blood pressure modulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/007 for contrast media
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/1452 pressurised by means of pistons
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/172 electrical or electronic A61M5/16804, A61M5/16831 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/1723 using feedback of body parameters, e.g. blood-sugar, pressure measurement of body parameters A61B5/00
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/13 delivered from dispensers
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/17 delivered via infusion or injection
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 30/40 for processing medical images, e.g. editing
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/63 for local operation

Abstract

A system includes a parameter generation system to determine parameters of at least one phase of an injection procedure based at least in part upon a type of the injection procedure. The parameter generator system determines the amount of a pharmaceutical that is to be delivered to a patient at least in part on the basis of the concentration of an agent in the pharmaceutical and at least on part on the basis of a function that depends upon and varies with a patient parameter. The patient parameter can, for example, be weight, body mass index, body surface area or cardiac output. The pharmaceutical can, for example, include a contrast enhancing agent for use in an imaging procedure.

Claims

1. A system comprising a parameter generation system to determine parameters of at least a first phase of an injection procedure based at least in part upon a type of the injection procedure, wherein the parameter generator system determines the amount of a pharmaceutical that is to be delivered to a patient at least partly on the basis of the concentration of an agent in the pharmaceutical and at least partly on the basis of a function that depends on and varies with a parameter of the patient.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the patient parameter is weight, body mass index, body surface area or cardiac output.

3. The system of claim 2 wherein the pharmaceutical comprises a contrast enhancing agent for use in an imaging procedure.

4. The system of claim 3 wherein at least a first portion V₁ of a volume of the pharmaceutical to be injected is calculated using the formula:

V₁=weight*X*Y,

wherein X is a function of weight, and Y is a function of the concentration of contrast enhancing agent in the pharmaceutical.

5. The system claim 4 wherein X is determined for a particular patient weight from an algorithm in which X is calculated as a function of weight.

6. The system of claim 4 wherein X is determined for a particular patient weight from a table wherein X is set forth as a function of weight.

7. The system of claim 4 wherein V₁ is the volume of the pharmaceutical to be delivered in a phase in which only the pharmaceutical is to be delivered, the parameter generation system also determining a volume V₂ of pharmaceutical to be delivered in at least a second phase in which both the pharmaceutical and a diluent are to be delivered to the patient.

8. The system of claim 7 wherein a flow rate of the pharmaceutical in the first phase is approximately equal to the flow rate of admixture of pharmaceutical and diluent fluid in the second phase.

9. The system of claim 8 wherein the flow rate of the pharmaceutical is calculated by dividing V₁ by an injection duration of the first phase.

10. The system of claim 9 wherein the injection duration of the first phase is determined by adding a factor K to a scan duration of an imaging system.

11. The system of claim 10 wherein K ranges from 0 to 10 seconds.

12. The system of claim 11 wherein a minimum first phase injection duration can be input into the parameter generation system.

13. The system of claim 12 wherein the flow rate of the first phase is calculated by dividing V₁ by the injection duration of the first phase.

14. The system of claim 8 wherein the volume V₂ of contrast to be delivered to the patient in the second phase is calculated based at least in part on a patient parameter.

15. The system of claim 14 wherein the parameter generation system determines whether the total volume of the pharmaceutical to be delivered to the patient in all phases exceeds the volume of pharmaceutical available for delivery to the patient, the parameter generation system further comprising rules to reduce the total volume of the pharmaceutical if the determined total volume exceeds the available volume.

16. The system of claim 7 wherein a total volume of pharmaceutical to be delivered to the patient in all phases is determined.

17. The system of claim 16 wherein an initial protocol determined by the parameter generation system to determine the total volume is adjusted based upon a characterization of the cardiovascular system of the patient.

18. The system of claim 17 wherein a test bolus of the pharmaceutical is performed to characterize the cardiovascular system of the patient.

19. The system of claim 18 wherein the initial protocol is adjusted at least in part on the basis of a time to peak enhancement of the test bolus.

20. The system of claim 18 wherein the initial protocol is adjusted at least in part on the basis of a time to peak enhancement of the test bolus and a level of enhancement of the peak enhancement.