METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR DYNAMICALLY COMPENSATING FOR DC OFFSET DRIFT AND OTHER PVT-RELATED SIGNAL VARIATIONS IN POLAR TRANSMITTERS

• US 20100120384A1
• Filed: 11/13/2008
• Published: 05/13/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 11/13/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Panasonic Corporation (Panasonic Holdings Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Company Limited (Panasonic Holdings Corporation)
• Inventors: Pennec, Christian
• Granted Patent: US 8,064,852 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 455/126
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0261 with control of the polarisation voltage or current, e.g. gliding Class A
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/3247 using feedback acting on predistortion circuits H03F1/3264 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/217 Class D power amplifiers; Switching amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/245 with semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/362 Modulation using more than one carrier, e.g. with quadrature carriers, separately amplitude modulated H04L27/366 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/368 adaptive predistortion

Abstract

Methods and apparatus for dynamically compensating for signal variations in communications transmitters employing switch-mode PAs. An exemplary method includes first identifying a predetermined signal characteristic in an input signal applied to an input of a switch-mode PA. A modulated signal produced at the output of the switch-mode PA containing the identified signal characteristic is then sampled at approximately the same time the identified signal characteristic appears at the output of the switch-mode PA, to generate a digital sample representing an actual value of the identified signal characteristic. An error signal representing the extent to which the actual value deviates from an expected value is then generated. Finally, the DC level and/or gain of the input signal to the switch-mode PA is modified to reduce the error. By reducing the error in this manner, signal variations that adversely affect the accuracy of the switch-mode PA output signal are dynamically compensated for.

Claims

1. A method of compensating for signal variations in a communications transmitter employing a switch-mode power amplifier (PA), comprising:

identifying a predetermined signal characteristic in an input signal applied to an input of the switch-mode PA;

sampling a modulated signal containing the identified predefined signal characteristic produced at an output of said switch-mode PA to generate a digital sample representing an actual value of said identified predefined signal characteristic;

comparing said digital sample representing said actual value of said identified predetermined signal characteristic to a digital value representing an expected value; and

compensating for signal variations in said modulated signal based on the comparison of said digital sample representing said actual value to said digital value representing said expected value.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein compensating for signal variations in said modulated signal comprises compensating for a direct current (DC) offset drift of a DC offset voltage in said switch-mode PA.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein compensating for signal variations in said modulated signal comprises modifying said input signal, based on the comparison of said digital sample representing said actual value to said digital value representing said expected value.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein compensating for signal variations in said modulated signal comprises modifying a bias voltage of said switch-mode PA, based on the comparison of said digital sample representing said actual value to said digital value representing said expected value.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein compensating for signal variations in said modulated signal comprises compensating for a deviation in output power of said switch-mode PA from a desired output power.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein sampling the modulated signal comprises:

sampling a plurality of occurrences of a predetermined signal characteristic at the output of said switch-mode PA to generate a plurality of digital samples representing said predetermined signal characteristic; and

generating a digital sample representing the actual value of said predetermined signal characteristic from said plurality of digital samples.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein said predetermined signal characteristic corresponds to a magnitude of said input signal.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein said input signal comprises an input signal containing amplitude modulation.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein sampling the modulated signal is performed based on the identified predetermined signal characteristic in said input signal.

10. A polar transmitter, comprising:

a baseband processor configured to generate a digital amplitude modulation (AM) data stream, generate a digital phase modulation (PM) data stream, and identify samples in said digital AM data stream representing a predetermined signal characteristic;

a first digital-to-analog converter (DAC) configured to generate an analog AM signal having the predetermined signal characteristic from said digital AM data stream;

a second DAC configured to generate an analog PM signal from said PM data stream;

an amplitude modulator configured to receive said analog AM signal and generate an amplitude modulated power supply signal;

a phase modulator configured to receive said analog PM signal and generate a phase-modulated carrier signal;

a switch-mode power amplifier (PA) having a first input configured to receive an amplitude modulated power supply signal, a second input configured to receive a phase modulated signal, and an output configured to provide an amplitude- and phase-modulated output signal; and

a compensation loop coupled between the output of the switch-mode PA and an input of said baseband processor operable to generate a digital sample of said amplitude- and phase-modulated output signal at approximately the same time said predetermined signal characteristic has propagated from said first DAC and arrived at the output of said switch-mode PA, said digital sample representing an actual value of said signal characteristic at the output of said switch-mode PA,

wherein said baseband processor is configured to modify the analog AM signal, based on the actual value represented by said digital sample to compensate for signal variations that affect an envelope accuracy of a signal envelope of said amplitude- and phase-modulated output signal.

11. The polar transmitter of claim 10 wherein said compensation loop comprises:

a detector coupled to the output of said switch-mode PA configured to detect said signal envelope; and

an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) configured to generate said digital sample.

12. The polar transmitter of claim 11 wherein said ADC is configured to generate said digital sample in response to a trigger signal generated by said baseband processor, said baseband processor configured to generate said trigger signal in response to a sample identified in said digital AM data stream representing said predetermined signal characteristic.

13. The polar transmitter of claim 10 wherein said digital sample provides a measure of an extent to which a direct current offset of the switch-mode PA deviates from or has drifted from an expected DC offset.

14. The polar transmitter of claim 10, further comprising a memory in communication with said baseband processor configured to store a digital value representing an expected value, which said baseband processor accesses and compares to the digital sample representing said actual value to compensate for signal variations that affect the envelope accuracy of the signal envelope of said amplitude- and phase-modulated output signal.

15. The polar transmitter of claim 10 wherein said baseband processor is configured to compensate for said singal variations by controlling gain and/or direct current (DC) offset settings of said first DAC based on a comparison of the digital sample representing said actual value to a digital value representing an expected value of said signal characteristic at the output of said switch-mode PA.

16. The polar transmitter of claim 10 wherein said baseband processor is configured to compensate for said signal variations by controlling a bias voltage based on a comparison of the digital sample representing said actual value to a digital value representing an expected value of said signal characteristic at the output of said switch-mode PA.

17. The polar transmitter of claim 10 wherein compensating for said signal variations comprises compensating for a direct current (DC) offset drift of a DC offset voltage in said switch-mode PA.

18. The polar transmitter of claim 10 wherein compensating for said signal variations comprises compensating for a deviation in output power of said switch-mode PA from a desired output power.

19. The polar transmitter of claim 10 wherein said compensation loop is configured to generate multiple digital samples of said amplitude- and phase-modulated output signal at approximately the same times multiple occurrences of said predetermined signal characteristic have propagated from said first DAC and arrived at the output of said first DAC, and said baseband processor is configured to form a digital sample representing said actual value from said multiple digital samples.

20. A switch-mode power amplifier (PA) apparatus, comprising:

a switch-mode PA having an input configured to receive an input signal with a predetermined signal characteristic and an output configured to provide an output signal containing said predetermined signal characteristic; and

a circuit coupled to the output of said switch-mode PA configured to sample said output signal at approximately the same time said predetermined signal characteristic appears at the output of said switch-mode PA.

21. The switch-mode PA apparatus of claim 20 wherein said circuit comprises:

a detector configured to detect said output signal; and

an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) configured to sample the output signal detected by said detector.

22. The switch-mode PA apparatus of claim 21 wherein one or samples provided by said ADC is(are) used to determine to what extent said output signal deviates from an expected output signal due to process, voltage or temperature influences.

23. The switch-mode PA apparatus of claim 20 wherein one or more samples provided by said circuit are used to compensate for process, voltage or temperature influences that cause the output signal to deviate from a desired output signal.

24. A polar transmitter including the switch-mode PA apparatus claimed in claim 20.