Adjuvant Incorporation in Immunonanotherapeutics

• US 20100129439A1
• Filed: 04/22/2009
• Published: 05/27/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 10/12/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Brigham and Women's Hospital Incorporated, President and Fellows of Harvard College (Harvard Corporation), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: President and Fellows of Harvard College (Harvard Corporation)
• Inventors: Farokhzad, Omid C., Langer, Robert, Iannacone, Matteo, von Andrian, Ulrich, Basto, Pamela, Shi, Jinjun, Alexis, Frank, Moseman, Ashley
• Granted Patent: US 8,343,498 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 424/451
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 38/20 Interleukins [IL]
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 38/21 Interferons [IFN]
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 39/00 Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies materials for immunoassay G01N33/53
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 39/0002 Fungal antigens, e.g. Trichophyton, Aspergillus, Candida
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 39/002 Protozoa antigens
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 39/05 Actinobacteria, e.g. Actinomyces, Streptomyces, Nocardia, Bifidobacterium, Gardnerella, Corynebacterium; Propionibacterium Mycobacterium A61K39/04
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 39/08 Clostridium, e.g. Clostridium tetani
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 39/12 Viral antigens
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 39/39 characterised by the immunostimulating additives, e.g. chemical adjuvants
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 45/06 Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/14 Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles microspheres A61K9/16; microcapsules A61K9/50; nanocapsules, nanoparticles of the matrix type A61K9/51
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 19/02 for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 31/00 Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 35/00 Antineoplastic agents
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 37/00 Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 37/02 Immunomodulators
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 37/04 Immunostimulants
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 37/06 Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 43/00 Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00

Abstract

The present invention provides compositions and systems for delivery of nanocarriers to cells of the immune system. The invention provides nanocarriers capable of stimulating an immune response in T cells and/or in B cells. The invention provides nanocarriers that comprise an immunofeature surface and an immunostimulatory moiety. In some embodiments, the immunostimulatory moiety is an adjuvant. The invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising inventive nanocarriers. The present invention provides methods of designing, manufacturing, and using inventive nanocarriers and pharmaceutical compositions thereof.

Claims

1. A composition comprising:

(1) synthetic nanocarriers having a least one surface, wherein a first surface of the synthetic nanocarriers comprises an immunofeature surface;

(2) an immunostimulatory agent;

(3) an MHC Class I, MHC Class II or CD1 presentable polypeptide; and

(4) a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the immunostimulatory agent:

(i) is associated with the immunofeature surface;

(ii) is associated with a second surface of the nanocarrier;

or (iii) is encapsulated within the nanocarrier.

3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the MHC Class I, MHC Class II or CD-1 presentable polypeptide:

(i) is associated with the immunofeature surface;

(ii) is associated with a second surface of the nanocarrier;

or (iii) is encapsulated within a core region of the nanocarrier.

4. The composition of claim 1, wherein the immunofeature surface comprises a plurality of moieties that are present in a density equal to or greater than the density required to obtain at least 10% of the maximal immobilization observed for a monoclonal antibody (MAb) in an antigen presenting cell (APC) binding assay, provided that, in the APC binding assay, the half maximal binding density for the immunostimulatory agent is at least twice the half maximal binding density for the MAb.

5. The composition of claim 4, wherein the immunostimulatory agent is present in a density equal to or greater than the density required to obtain at least 20% of the maximal immobilization observed for a MAb in a APC binding assay.

6. The composition of claim 4, wherein the half maximal binding density for the immunostimulatory agent is at least four times the half maximal binding density for the MAb.

7. The composition of claim 4, wherein the APC binding assay comprises:

(a) preparing a series of substrates having coatings of an functional moiety at a series of surface coating densities, wherein the functional moiety is capable of binding to dendritic cell (DC) or subcapsular sinus macrophage surface receptors;

(b) exposing the series of substrates to single-cell suspensions of DCs or subcapsular sinus macrophage for a predetermined period of time;

(c) removing non-adhered APCs from the series of substrates, and fixing the adhered APCs to the series of substrates;

(d) quantifying the number of adhered APCs per unit surface area for each substrate in the series of substrates;

(e) plotting the result from (d) against the coating density of the functional moiety;

(f) obtaining a value for the maximal immobilization by determining the maximum number of adhered APCs per unit surface area for the series of substrates; and

(g) obtaining a value for half maximal binding density by determining the surface coating density that provides 50% of the maximum.

8. The composition of claim 4, wherein the MAb is anti-CD1c (BDCA-1) Clone AD5-8E7 or rat anti-mouse CD169, clone 3D6.112, isotype IgG2a.

9. The composition of claim 1, wherein immunostimulatory agent is a Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) agonist.

10. The composition of claim 1, wherein the TLR agonist is a TLR-1, TLR-2, TLR-3, TLR-4, TLR-5, TLR-6, TLR-7, TLR-8, TLR-9, or TLR-10 agonist.

11. The composition of claim 1, wherein the immunostimulatory agent is selected from an interleukin, an interferon, a cytokine, and an adjuvant.

12. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is capable of providing enhanced T-cell proliferation in a human subject.

13. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition elicits dendritic cell maturation when administered to a human subject.

14. The composition of claim 1, wherein the nanocarriers comprises two or more different MHC Class I, MHC Class II or CD1 presentable polypeptides.

15. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises two or more immunostimulatory agents.

16. The composition of claim 15, wherein the composition comprises two or more Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) agonists.

17. The composition of claim 15, wherein the composition comprises one Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) agonist and one non-TLR agonist.

18. The composition of claim 17, wherein the non-TLR agonist is a moiety that induces signaling through the inflammasome, CD40, or a cytokine receptor.

19. The composition of claim 1, wherein the MHC Class I presentable peptide is selected from antigens, SIINFEKL, GP33, Core 18-27, and MAGE.

20. The composition of claim 1, wherein the MHC Class II presentable peptide is selected from antigens, OVA323-339, GP61, MAGE-A4 280-299, tetanus toxoid, diphtheria toxoid, and PADRE peptide.

21. The composition of claim 1, wherein the CD1 presentable peptide is selected from lipid antigens, mycolic acid, sulpholipids, lipophosphoglycan, diacylglycerols, glycoshpingolipids, alpha-galactosylceramide, isoglobotrihexosylceramide, and ganglioside GD3.

22. The composition of claim 1, further comprising an immunomodulatory agent selected from B-cell antigens, T-cell antigens, proteins, peptides, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, glycopeptides, proteoglycans, inactivated organisms and viruses, dead organisms and virus, genetically altered organisms or viruses, antigens of fungal, protozoan, and/or parasitic organisms, and cell extracts.

23. A method comprising:

administering to a subject an initial dose of the composition of claim 1; and

administering to the subject a first subsequent dose of the composition of claim 1 at a time period after the administration of the initial dose.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the time period is an interval ranging from 1 day to 1 year.

25. The method of claim 23, wherein the first dose of the composition elicits T-cell proliferation in the subject.

26. The method of claim 23, wherein one week after administration of the initial dose the blood concentration of antigen-specific T cells in the subject is at least 10-fold higher than the concentration of T cells recognizing an irrelevant antigen to which the subject has no immunological memory.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein the irrelevant anitigen is bovine serum albumin.

28. The method of claim 23, wherein one week after administration of the first subsequent dose the blood concentration of antigen-specific T cells in the subject is at least 10-fold higher than the concentration of T cells recognizing an irrelevant antigen to which the subject has no immunological memory.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the irrelevant anitigen is bovine serum albumin.