MULTILEVEL AND SPACE-FILLING GROUND-PLANES FOR MINIATURE AND MULTIBAND ANTENNAS
First Claim
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1. An antenna system comprising:
- an antenna element; and
a ground plane comprising;
at least two conducting surfaces each having a plurality of sides defined by at least one edge;
at least one conducting strip connecting the at least two conducting surfaces for allowing current to flow between the at least two conducting surfaces;
the at least one conducting strip being narrower than the width of any of the at least two conducting surfaces;
the ground plane being disposed in a plane substantially parallel to a plane of the antenna element;
the ground-plane further comprising at least one of a space-filling-curve shape and a multilevel structure, wherein the multilevel structure includes;
a set of conducting polygons, the polygons each having the same number of sides;
the polygons are electromagnetically coupled by means of either a capacitive coupling or ohmic contact; and
a contact region between directly connected polygons is narrower than half of the perimeter of said polygons in at least seventy-five percent of said polygons defining the conducting ground plane.
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Abstract
An antenna system includes one or more conductive elements acting as radiating elements, and a multilevel or space-filling ground-plane, wherein said ground-plane has a particular geometry which affects the operating characteristics of the antenna. The return loss, bandwidth, gain, radiation efficiency, and frequency performance can be controlled through multilevel and space-filling ground-plane design. Also, said ground-plane can be reduced compared to those of antennas with solid ground-planes.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. An antenna system comprising:
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an antenna element; and a ground plane comprising; at least two conducting surfaces each having a plurality of sides defined by at least one edge; at least one conducting strip connecting the at least two conducting surfaces for allowing current to flow between the at least two conducting surfaces; the at least one conducting strip being narrower than the width of any of the at least two conducting surfaces; the ground plane being disposed in a plane substantially parallel to a plane of the antenna element; the ground-plane further comprising at least one of a space-filling-curve shape and a multilevel structure, wherein the multilevel structure includes; a set of conducting polygons, the polygons each having the same number of sides; the polygons are electromagnetically coupled by means of either a capacitive coupling or ohmic contact; and a contact region between directly connected polygons is narrower than half of the perimeter of said polygons in at least seventy-five percent of said polygons defining the conducting ground plane. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 19)
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14. An antenna system comprising:
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an antenna element; and a ground plane comprising; at least two conducting surfaces each having a plurality of sides defined by at least one edge; at least one conducting strip connecting the at least two conducting surfaces for allowing current to flow between the at least two conducting surfaces; the at least one conducting strip being narrower than the width of any of the at least two conducting surfaces; the ground plane being disposed in a plane substantially parallel to a plane of the antenna element; the ground-plane further comprising at least one of a space-filling-curve shape and a multilevel structure, the multilevel structure comprising a set of conducting polygons, the polygons each having the same number of sides; at least one of the conducting surfaces or at least one of the conducting strips of the ground plane is shaped as a space filling curve (SFC), the SFC including at least ten connected straight segments; and the at least ten connected straight segments are smaller than a tenth of the operating free-space wave length and are spatially arranged in such a way that no two adjacent and connected segments form another longer straight segment. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 20)
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Specification