LOW COST ELECTRONICALLY SCANNED ARRAY ANTENNA
First Claim
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1. An electronically scanned array (ESA) antenna, comprising:
- a main line along which an electromagnetic traveling wave may propagate; and
a plurality of array elements distributed along the main line, each of the plurality of array elements comprising;
a branch line;
a directional coupler having a first port in the main line, a second port in the main line, a third port in the branch line, and a fourth port in the branch line;
a reflective termination at an end of the branch line closest to the third port of the directional coupler;
an electronically controlled phase shifter between the third port of the directional coupler and the reflective termination; and
an antenna radiator at the end of the branch line closest to the fourth port of the directional coupler.
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Abstract
An electronically scanned array (ESA) antenna includes a main line along which an electromagnetic traveling wave may propagate and a plurality of array elements distributed along the main line. Each of the plurality of array elements includes a branch line; an antenna radiator at one end of the branch line; an electronically controllable reflection phase shifter at the opposite end of the branch line; a directional coupler which couples energy between the main line and the branch line.
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Citations
43 Claims
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1. An electronically scanned array (ESA) antenna, comprising:
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a main line along which an electromagnetic traveling wave may propagate; and a plurality of array elements distributed along the main line, each of the plurality of array elements comprising; a branch line; a directional coupler having a first port in the main line, a second port in the main line, a third port in the branch line, and a fourth port in the branch line; a reflective termination at an end of the branch line closest to the third port of the directional coupler; an electronically controlled phase shifter between the third port of the directional coupler and the reflective termination; and an antenna radiator at the end of the branch line closest to the fourth port of the directional coupler. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 42, 43)
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38. A waveguide-based antenna, comprising:
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a quasi-monolithic, multi-layer structure; and a plurality of mainlines, each mainline including a plurality of crossguide couplers and a plurality of branch lines. - View Dependent Claims (39, 40, 41)
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Specification