Digital video protection for authenticity verification
First Claim
1. A method for verifying an authenticity and integrity of an ordered sequence of digital video frames, the video frames including respective data, the digital frames including Inter frames and Intra frames both including segments, the segments of the Inter frames including Inter segments and Intra segments, the segments of the Intra frames including Intra segments, the method comprising the steps of:
- a) providing at least one secret key; and
b) protecting the sequence by embedding a respective calculated digital signature in at least one video frame to produce a protected sequence;
i) each said calculated digital signature being dependent on the data of another video frame; and
ii) each said calculated digital signature being generated using one of said at least one secret key.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A method and apparatus for verifying the authenticity and integrity of an ordered sequence of digital video frames, without having access to the original recording, by embedding therein a respective series of digital signatures based on a secret key, or keys, and on the video content of respective frames. Signatures are camouflaged by embedding in transform coefficients of a transformed representation of the video data in parts of the frame corresponding to motion. If there is sufficient motion to contain all of the signature bits, a supplementary technique embeds in high-texture areas of a frame. A final fall-back is to embed in a pre-defined default zone. A method of predicting when supplementary embedding is needed enables the process to be applied in a single pass allowing real-time operation. Verification is done during decoding by comparing, for identity, embedded signatures with signatures calculated anew using the method employed to embed.
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Citations
82 Claims
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1. A method for verifying an authenticity and integrity of an ordered sequence of digital video frames, the video frames including respective data, the digital frames including Inter frames and Intra frames both including segments, the segments of the Inter frames including Inter segments and Intra segments, the segments of the Intra frames including Intra segments, the method comprising the steps of:
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a) providing at least one secret key; and b) protecting the sequence by embedding a respective calculated digital signature in at least one video frame to produce a protected sequence; i) each said calculated digital signature being dependent on the data of another video frame; and ii) each said calculated digital signature being generated using one of said at least one secret key. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57)
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58. In an ordered sequence of digital video frames, the sequence being compressed according to a video compression standard, the sequence including at least one Intra frame and the frames including segments, a method of predicting a plurality of highest-textured segments in a frame comprising the steps of:
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a) Counting non-zero transform coefficients in each segment of one of the at least one Intra frame; and b) Selecting a plurality of segments having highest said counts of said transform coefficients. - View Dependent Claims (59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64)
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65. A method of protecting an authenticity and integrity of an ordered sequence of digital video frames, comprising the steps of:
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a) compressing the frames according to a transform-based video compression standard; and b) for at least one frame; (i) embedding bits of a digital signature in respective transform coefficients of said at least one frame, and (ii) prior to said embedding, predicting a number of mis-embeddings of said bits. - View Dependent Claims (66, 67, 68)
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69. An apparatus for embedding digital signatures into an input sequence of digital video frames comprising:
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a) a video encoder for compressing and encoding the input sequence to produce a compressed and encoded sequence; b) a digital-signature-generation unit for generating a digital signature for embedding into the frames of said compressed and encoded sequence; c) an embedding-pattern-generation unit for generating an embedding pattern; and d) a signature-embedding unit for embedding said digital signature into the frames of said compressed and encoded sequence according to said embedding pattern. - View Dependent Claims (70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75)
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76. An apparatus for authenticating and verifying respective embedded digital signatures in an input sequence of digital frames comprising:
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a) a video decoder for decompressing and decoding the input sequence, thereby providing a decompressed and decoded sequence; b) a stream-signature generation unit for calculating a digital signature for each frame of said decompressed and decoded sequence; c) an embedding pattern generating unit for generating a respective embedding pattern for each frame of said decompressed and decoded sequence to point to a location, in said each frame, of the respective embedded digital signature; d) a frame signature extracting unit for extracting the respective embedded digital signature from each frame of said decompressed and decoded signature in accordance with said respective embedding pattern; and e) an authenticity-verification unit for determining an authenticity and veracity of said decompressed and decoded sequence. - View Dependent Claims (77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82)
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Specification