METHOD AND DISPLAY APPARATUS FOR NON-INVASIVELY DETERMINING PULMONARY CHARACTERISTICS BY MEASURING BREATH GAS AND BLOOD GAS
First Claim
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1. A method for determining pulmonary characteristics, the method comprising:
- (a) inputting respiratory input parameters, the parameters including additional blood information, gas boundary value, additional gas information, and inhalation flow rate into a computing device;
(b) inputting an initial value of shot concentration of mixed vein V into the computing device;
(c) inputting an initial value of dead space rate X into the computing device;
(d) inputting an initial value of O2 partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A1 based on the initial value of dead space rate X as respiratory input parameters into the computing device;
(e) applying the respiratory input parameters and the inputted initial values to an operational routine provided in the computing device, so as to obtain a solution from equations for respiratory gas, including mass balance equations for O2, CO2, N2 and Fick'"'"'s equation;
(f) calculating an estimated CO2 partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A2 as a solution obtained from analytical equations for respiratory gas via the operational routine;
(g) calculating O2 shunt rate Y1 and CO2 shunt rate Y2 based on the initial value of O2 partial pressure and the estimated CO2 partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A1 and A2;
(h) determining pulmonary characteristics related to shot partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A*, when shunt rate requirements are satisfied;
(i) repeating steps (b) to (h) with multiple shot partial pressures of mixed vein (V*)n at a constant interval as initial values to determine multiple shot partial pressures of pulmonary alveolar gas (A*)n corresponding to the multiple shot partial pressures of mixed vein (V*)n, respectively, as well as pulmonary characteristics related thereto;
(j) when a specific shot pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A** satisfying requirements for respiratory rate is selected from the multiple shot partial pressures of pulmonary alveolar gas (A*)n, determining a specific pulmonary characteristic corresponding to the specific shot pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A**; and
(k) calculating a cardiac output.
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Abstract
A method for non-invasively determining pulmonary characteristics by measuring breath gas and blood gas and a display apparatus for the same, and for estimating major physiological characteristics, such as respiratory characteristics of lungs-pulmonary circulation system, cardiac functional characteristics, structural characteristics of lungs, etc. by applying primary measurement parameters obtained from ventilation gas and blood during breathing; and a display apparatus useful for the same.
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Citations
22 Claims
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1. A method for determining pulmonary characteristics, the method comprising:
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(a) inputting respiratory input parameters, the parameters including additional blood information, gas boundary value, additional gas information, and inhalation flow rate into a computing device; (b) inputting an initial value of shot concentration of mixed vein V into the computing device; (c) inputting an initial value of dead space rate X into the computing device; (d) inputting an initial value of O2 partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A1 based on the initial value of dead space rate X as respiratory input parameters into the computing device; (e) applying the respiratory input parameters and the inputted initial values to an operational routine provided in the computing device, so as to obtain a solution from equations for respiratory gas, including mass balance equations for O2, CO2, N2 and Fick'"'"'s equation; (f) calculating an estimated CO2 partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A2 as a solution obtained from analytical equations for respiratory gas via the operational routine; (g) calculating O2 shunt rate Y1 and CO2 shunt rate Y2 based on the initial value of O2 partial pressure and the estimated CO2 partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A1 and A2; (h) determining pulmonary characteristics related to shot partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A*, when shunt rate requirements are satisfied; (i) repeating steps (b) to (h) with multiple shot partial pressures of mixed vein (V*)n at a constant interval as initial values to determine multiple shot partial pressures of pulmonary alveolar gas (A*)n corresponding to the multiple shot partial pressures of mixed vein (V*)n, respectively, as well as pulmonary characteristics related thereto; (j) when a specific shot pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A** satisfying requirements for respiratory rate is selected from the multiple shot partial pressures of pulmonary alveolar gas (A*)n, determining a specific pulmonary characteristic corresponding to the specific shot pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A**; and (k) calculating a cardiac output. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A method for determining pulmonary characteristics, comprising:
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(a) inputting respiratory input parameters, including additional blood information, gas boundary value, additional gas information, and inhalation flow rate, into an computing device; (b) inputting an initial value of shot concentration of mixed vein V into the computing device; (c) inputting an initial value of shunt rate Y into the computing device; (d) inputting an initial value of O2 partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A1 based on the initial value of shunt Y as respiratory input parameters into the computing device; (e) applying the respiratory input parameters and the inputted initial values to an operational routine provided in the computing device, to obtain a solution from equations for respiratory gas including mass balance equations for O2, CO2, N2 and Fick'"'"'s equation; (f) calculating an estimated CO2 partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A2 as a solution obtained from analytical equations for respiratory gas using the operational routine; (g) calculating O2 dead space rate X1 and CO2 dead space rate X2 based on the initial value of O2 partial pressure and the estimated CO2 partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A1 and A2; (h) determining pulmonary characteristics related to shot partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A*, when dead space rate requirements are satisfied; (i) repeating steps (b) to (h) with multiple shot partial pressures of mixed vein (V*)n at a constant interval as initial values to determine multiple shot partial pressures of pulmonary alveolar gas (A*)n corresponding to the multiple shot partial pressures of mixed vein (V*)n, respectively, as well as pulmonary characteristics related thereto; (j) when a specific shot pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A** satisfying requirements for respiratory rate is selected from the multiple shot partial pressures of pulmonary alveolar gas (A*)n, determining a specific pulmonary characteristic corresponding to the specific shot pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A**; and (k) calculating a cardiac output. - View Dependent Claims (11)
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12. A method for determining pulmonary characteristics, comprising:
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(a) inputting respiratory input parameters, including additional blood information, gas boundary value, additional gas information, and inhalation flow rate, into a computing device; (b) inputting an initial value of shot concentration of mixed vein V into the computing device; (c) inputting an initial value of dead space rate X into the computing device; (d) inputting an initial value of CO2 partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A2 based on the initial value of dead space rate X as respiratory input parameters into the computing device; (e) applying the respiratory input parameters and the inputted initial values to an operational routine provided in the computing device, to obtain a solution from equations for respiratory gas including mass balance equations for O2, CO2, N2 and Fick'"'"'s equation; (f) calculating an estimated O2 partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A1 as a solution obtained from analytical equations for respiratory gas via the operational routine; (g) calculating O2 shunt rate Y1 and CO2 shunt rate Y2 based on the initial value of CO2 partial pressure and the estimated O2 partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A2 and A1; (h) determining pulmonary characteristics related to shot partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A*, when shunt rate requirements are satisfied; (i) repeating steps (b) to (h) with multiple shot partial pressures of mixed vein (V*)n at a constant interval as initial values so as to determine multiple shot partial pressures of pulmonary alveolar gas (A*)n corresponding to the multiple shot partial pressures of mixed vein (V*)n, respectively, as well as pulmonary characteristics related thereto; (j) when a specific shot pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A** satisfying requirements for respiratory rate is selected from the multiple shot partial pressures of pulmonary alveolar gas (A*)n, determining a specific pulmonary characteristic corresponding to the specific shot pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A**; and (k) calculating a cardiac output. - View Dependent Claims (13)
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14. A method for determining pulmonary characteristics, comprising:
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(a) inputting respiratory input parameters, including additional blood information, gas boundary value, additional gas information, and inhalation flow rate, into an computing device; (b) inputting an initial value of shot concentration of mixed vein V into the computing device; (c) inputting an initial value of shunt rate Y into the computing device; (d) inputting an initial value of CO2 partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A2 based on the initial value of shunt rate Y as respiratory input parameters into the computing device; (e) applying the respiratory input parameters and the inputted initial values to an operational routine provided in the computing device, so as to obtain a solution from equations for respiratory gas including mass balance equations for O2, CO2, N2 and Fick'"'"'s equation; (f) calculating an estimated O2 partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A1 as a solution obtained from analytical equations for respiratory gas via the operational routine; (g) calculating O2 dead space rate X1 and CO2 dead space rate X2 based on the initial value of CO2 partial pressure and the estimated O2 partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A2 and A1; (h) determining pulmonary characteristics related to shot partial pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A*, when dead space rate requirements are satisfied; (i) repeating steps (b) to (h) with multiple shot partial pressures of mixed vein (V*)n at a constant interval as initial values so as to determine multiple shot partial pressures of pulmonary alveolar gas (A*)n corresponding to the multiple shot partial pressures of mixed vein (V*)n, respectively, as well as pulmonary characteristics related thereto; (j) when a specific shot pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A** satisfying requirements for respiratory rate is selected from the multiple shot partial pressures of pulmonary alveolar gas (A*)n, determining a specific pulmonary characteristic corresponding to the specific shot pressure of pulmonary alveolar gas A**; and (k) calculating a cardiac output. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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Specification