HIGHLY-ORDERED TITANIA NANOTUBE ARRAYS
First Claim
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1. A method of forming a vertically oriented titania nanotube array using electrochemical oxidation, the method comprising:
- providing a two-electrode configuration having a working electrode and a counter electrode; and
anodizing the working electrode in a polar organic electrolyte for providing fluoride ions, the polar organic electrolyte optimized to maintain dynamic equilibrium between growth and dissolution processes to promote growth of the nanotube array by providing sustained chemical oxidation of the working electrode and pore growth by dissolution of formed oxides.
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Abstract
Fabrication of self-aligned closed packed titania nanotube arrays in excess of 10 μm in length and aspect ratio ≈10,000 by potentiostatic anodization of titanium is disclosed. Conditions for achieving complete anodization and absolute tailorability of Ti foil samples resulting in a self-standing mechanically robust titania membrane in excess of 1000 μm are also disclosed.
29 Citations
28 Claims
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1. A method of forming a vertically oriented titania nanotube array using electrochemical oxidation, the method comprising:
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providing a two-electrode configuration having a working electrode and a counter electrode; and anodizing the working electrode in a polar organic electrolyte for providing fluoride ions, the polar organic electrolyte optimized to maintain dynamic equilibrium between growth and dissolution processes to promote growth of the nanotube array by providing sustained chemical oxidation of the working electrode and pore growth by dissolution of formed oxides. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A method for forming a vertically oriented nanotube array using electrochemical oxidation, the method comprising:
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providing a two-electrode configuration having a working electrode and a counter electrode; anodizing the working electrode in an electrolyte having fluoride ions to assist in providing a formed oxide; dissolving the formed oxide to form the nanotube array; maintaining dynamic equilibrium between growth and dissolution processes by controlling one or more anodization variables; and growing the nanotube array to a total length to form to the nanotube array by sustained oxidation of the working electrode. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. A method for forming a nanotube array using electro-chemical oxidation, the method comprising:
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providing a two-electrode configuration having a titanium foil as a working electrode and a platinum foil as a counter electrode; anodizing the titanium foil in a polar organic electrolyte solution to form a titanium dioxide; dissolving the titanium dioxide to form the nanotube array of long range order exhibiting close-packing and high aspect ratios; growing the nanotube array to an optimal length given the working electrode thickness by sustained oxidation of the titanium foil and pore growth; and maintaining dynamic equilibrium between growth and dissolution processes. - View Dependent Claims (25)
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26. A nanotube array, comprising:
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a plurality of self-aligned vertically oriented titania nanotubes; wherein the plurality of self-aligned vertically oriented titania nanotubes being formed by electrochemical oxidation using a polar organic electrolyte.
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27. A solar cell, comprising;
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a solar cell surface; a nanotube array attached to the surface, the nanotube array comprising a plurality of self-aligned vertically oriented titania nanotubes; wherein the titania nanotube array being formed by electrochemical oxidation using a polar organic electrolyte.
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28. A biofilter, comprising:
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a biofilter surface; a nanotube array attached to the surface, the nanotube array comprising a plurality of self-aligned vertically oriented titania nanotubes; wherein the titania nanotube array being formed by electrochemical oxidation using a polar organic electrolyte.
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Specification