SUPPLY-AND-DEMAND CONTROL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTED AND COORDINATED TYPE, FOR USE IN POWER SYSTEMS

• US 20100191996A1
• Filed: 01/27/2010
• Published: 07/29/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 01/28/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Inventors: TAGUCHI, Tasuhiro, IINO, Yutaka
• Granted Patent: US 8,140,194 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 713/323
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00006 characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00007 using the power network as support for the transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00016 using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2300/24 of photovoltaic origin
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2300/28 The renewable source being wind energy wind motors F03D
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2300/30 The power source being a fuel cell
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2300/40 wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/144 Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/32 using batteries with converting means
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/381 Dispersed generators
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/46 Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/56 Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/76 Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 40/70 Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/123 the energy generation units being or involving renewable energy sources
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/121 using the power network as support for the transmission
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/124 using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/126 : using wireless data transmission

Abstract

According to one embodiment, each of the nodes incorporated in the respective electrical apparatuses that constitute a local power system establishes a communication path connected to any adjacent node, transmits and receive average supply-and-demand state data to and from the adjacent node through the communication path. Each node adjusts (increases or decreases) the power to generate or consume in it, on the basis of the average supply-and-demand state data. Each node performs a supply-and-demand control of distributed and coordinated type, in which the average supply-and-demand state value is corrected based on the value by which the power has been adjusted (increased or decreased) and the average supply-and-demand state value thus corrected is supplied to the adjacent node through the connection path.

Claims

1. A power supply-and-demand controls system comprising:

a plurality of nodes incorporated in electrical apparatuses, respectively, each electrical apparatus including at least one of a power generation apparatus and a load apparatus, either supplied with power from a commercially available power system; and

a communication unit configured to achieve communication between the nodes,

wherein each of the nodes comprises;

a communication path unit configured to establish a communication path for transmitting and receiving data to and from any adjacent node through the communication unit;

a communication control unit configured to receive average supply-and-demand state data from the adjacent node through the communication path established; and

a controller configured to adjust the power to generate or consume in the electrical apparatus incorporating the node, in accordance with the average supply-and-demand state data, and to calculate an average supply-and-demand state value corrected based on the value by which the power has been adjusted.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein each of the nodes includes a data storage unit configured to store an adjustment table containing reference data for use in adjusting the power to generate or consume in the electrical apparatus, in accordance with the average supply-and-demand state data.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein each of the nodes turns on or off the power generation apparatus or load apparatus incorporating it, thereby to adjust, in a tolerance range, the power to generate or consume in the electrical apparatus with reference to the adjustment table and in accordance with the average supply-and-demand state data.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the communication path unit transmits a connection request through the communication unit and establishes a communication path connected to the adjacent node that transmits connection permission in response to the connection request.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the communication control unit transmits data representing the corrected average supply-and-demand state calculated by the controller, to any other node connected to the node by the communication path.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein each of the nodes takes consensus with a plurality of adjacent nodes, thereby establishing communication paths, and exchanges the corrected average supply-and-demand state value with the adjacent nodes, thereby adjusting a supply-and-demand balance in a local power system composed of the electrical apparatuses supplied with power from the commercially available power system.

7. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a leader node provided between a power receiving unit supplied with power from the commercially available power system and a local power system composed of the electrical apparatuses, and configured to transmit data to each of the nodes, the data corresponding to a supply-and-demand imbalance in the local power system.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein each of the nodes has a schedule control function of using the average supply-and-demand state value as a future value, adjusting the power to generate or consume, in order to prevent the supply-and-demand imbalance from becoming excessive.

9. The system according to claim 1, wherein each of the nodes establishes a communication path connected to a new node incorporated in an electrical apparatus added to a local power system composed of the electrical apparatuses, in order to plug in the new node;

and the new node adjusts the power to generate or consume in it, on the basis of the present average supply-and-demand state value received from each of the nodes through the communication paths, and transmits the average supply-and-demand state value corrected by adjusting the power.

10. The system according to claim 1, wherein for the purpose of plugging out a node from an electrical apparatus connected to a local power system composed of the electrical apparatuses, each of the nodes shuts down a communication path connected to the node to plug out, in response to a shutdown request coming from the node to plug out;

and the node to plug out turns off the electrical apparatus incorporating it.

11. The system according to claim 1, wherein each of the nodes regards itself as isolated, if it receives no connection request and no average supply-and-demand state value within a predetermined time, and transmits a connection request signal to the adjacent node when it regards itself as isolated, thereby establishing a communication path.

12. The system according to claim 11, wherein each of the nodes transmits a connection request signal to adjacent nodes in a prescribed priority order if it regards itself as isolated, and establishes transmission paths connected to the adjacent nodes on receiving a connection permission signal responding to the connection request signal, thereby establishing a direct spanning tree connected to all other nodes.

13. The system according to claim 1, wherein the power generation apparatus or the load apparatus includes a power storage device.

14. A node for supply-and-demand control in a local power system, comprising:

a communication unit configured to achieve communication between two of nodes incorporated in electrical apparatuses, respectively, each electrical apparatus including at least one of a power generation apparatus and a load apparatus, either supplied with power from a commercially available power system;

a communication path unit configured to establish a communication path for transmitting and receiving data to and from any adjacent node through the communication unit;

a communication control unit configured to receive average supply-and-demand state data from the adjacent node through the communication path established; and

a controller configured to adjust the power to generate or consume in the electrical apparatus incorporating the node, in accordance with the average supply-and-demand state data, and to calculate an average supply-and-demand state value corrected based on the value by which the power has been adjusted.

15. The node according to claim 14, wherein further comprising a leader node provided between a power receiving unit supplied with power from the commercially available power system and a local power system composed of the electrical apparatuses, and configured to transmit data to each of the nodes, the data corresponding to a supply-and-demand imbalance in the local power system.

16. A method of performing a supply-and-demand control in a local power system, comprising:

establishing a communication path for transmitting and receiving data between two of nodes incorporated in electrical apparatuses, respectively, each electrical apparatus including at least one of a power generation apparatus and a load apparatus, either supplied with power from a commercially available power system;

adjusting the power to generate or consume in the electrical apparatus incorporating the node, in accordance with the average supply-and-demand state data transmitted from the node through the communication path; and

calculating an average supply-and-demand state value corrected based on the value by which the power has been adjusted, and transmitting the average supply-and-demand state value to the node through the communication path.

17. The method according to claim 16, further comprising:

transmitting data corresponding to a supply-and-demand imbalance in the local power system from a leader node provided between a power receiving unit supplied with power from the commercially available power system and the local power system composed of the electrical apparatuses, to the nodes incorporated in the electrical apparatuses.