BLOOD TREATMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS
First Claim
1. A control architecture for a hemodialysis system, the hemodialysis system comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions, the control architecture comprising:
- a user interface model layer configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface;
a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface; and
a machine layer, below the therapy layer, configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.
338 Citations
34 Claims
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1. A control architecture for a hemodialysis system, the hemodialysis system comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions, the control architecture comprising:
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a user interface model layer configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface; a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface; and a machine layer, below the therapy layer, configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A method for disinfecting fluid pathways in a dialysis system, the method comprising:
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storing, on at least one storage medium, disinfection parameters including a disinfection temperature and a disinfection time; circulating a fluid in the fluid pathways; monitoring a temperature of the fluid at each of a plurality of temperature sensors; and determining that disinfection of the fluid pathways is complete when the temperature of the fluid at each of the plurality of temperature sensors remains at or above the disinfection temperature for at least the disinfection time. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11)
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12. At least one computer-readable medium encoded with instructions that, when executed on at least one processing unit, perform a method for disinfecting fluid pathways in a dialysis system, the method comprising:
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electronically receiving disinfection parameters including a disinfection temperature and a disinfection time; controlling a plurality of actuators to circulate a fluid in the fluid pathways; monitoring a temperature of the fluid at each of a plurality of temperature sensors; and determining whether the temperature of the fluid at each of the plurality of temperature sensors remains at or above the disinfection temperature for at least the disinfection time.
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13. A method for controlling the administration of an anticoagulant in a dialysis system, the method comprising:
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storing, on at least one storage medium, an anticoagulant protocol comprising a maximum amount of anticoagulant; automatically administering the anticoagulant according to the anticoagulant protocol; and prohibiting the administration of additional anticoagulant after determining that the maximum amount of anticoagulant has been administered. - View Dependent Claims (14)
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15-18. -18. (canceled)
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19. At least one computer-readable medium encoded with instructions that, when executed on at least one processing unit, perform a method for controlling the administration of an anticoagulant in a dialysis system, the method comprising:
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electronically receiving an anticoagulant protocol comprising a maximum amount of anticoagulant; controlling a plurality of actuators to administer the anticoagulant according to the anticoagulant protocol; and prohibiting the administration of additional anticoagulant after determining that the maximum amount of anticoagulant has been administered.
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20. A method for determining a fluid level in a dialysate tank of a dialysis system, the method comprising:
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tracking a first number of strokes delivering fluid to the dialysate tank; tracking a second number of strokes withdrawing fluid from the dialysate tank; and determining a fluid level in the dialysate tank based, at least in part, on the first number of strokes, the second number of strokes, and a per-stroke volume.
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21-24. -24. (canceled)
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25. A method for determining a fluid level in a dialysate tank of a dialysis system, the method comprising:
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charging a reference chamber to a predetermined pressure; venting the reference chamber to the dialysate tank; after venting the reference chamber to the dialysate tank, determining a pressure in the dialysate tank; and determining a fluid level in the dialysate tank based, at least in part, on the determined pressure in the dialysate tank.
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26. A method for returning blood to a patient in the event of a power failure condition in a dialysis system that uses compressed air to actuate pumps and/or valves during a dialysis process, wherein the dialysis system comprises a dialyzer having a membrane that separates a blood flow path from a dialysate flow path, the method comprising:
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identifying a power failure condition in a dialysis system; in response to the identification of a power failure condition, releasing compressed air from a reservoir associated with the dialysis system; and using the released compressed air, increasing a pressure in the dialysate flow path to cause blood in the blood flow path to return to the patient.
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27-28. -28. (canceled)
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29. In an extracorporeal treatment system, a method for returning extracorporeal blood to a patient using a source of compressed gas in the event of a power failure, wherein the extracorporeal treatment system comprises a filter having a semi-permeable membrane that separates a blood flow path from an electrolyte solution flow path, the compressed gas is in valved communication with an electrolyte solution container, and the electrolyte solution container is in valved communication with the electrolyte solution flow path, the method comprising:
in response to a termination of electrical power to one or more electrically actuated valves that control a distribution of compressed gas or a distribution of electrolyte solution flow in the extracorporeal treatment system; causing one or more first electrically actuated valves to open a first fluid pathway between the compressed gas and the electrolyte solution container; causing one or more second electrically actuated valves to open a second fluid pathway between said electrolyte solution container and said filter; causing one or more third electrically actuated valves to close an alternate fluid pathway in said electrolyte solution flow path if said alternate fluid pathway diverts electrolyte solution away from said filter; and using the compressed gas to increase pressure in the electrolyte solution flow path to cause blood in the blood flow path to return to the patient.
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30-33. -33. (canceled)
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34. In an extracorporeal treatment system, a method for returning extracorporeal blood to a patient using a source of compressed gas in the event of a power failure, wherein the extracorporeal treatment system comprises a filter having a semi-permeable membrane that separates a blood flow path from an electrolyte solution flow path, the compressed gas is in valved communication with an electrolyte solution container, and the electrolyte solution container is in valved communication with the electrolyte solution flow path, the method comprising:
in response to a termination of electrical power to one or more electrically actuated valves that control a distribution of compressed gas or a distribution of electrolyte solution flow in the extracorporeal treatment system; causing one or more electrically actuated valves to open a fluid pathway between the compressed gas and the electrolyte solution container; and using the compressed gas, causing flow of an electrolyte solution from the electrolyte solution container through the filter to cause blood in the blood flow path to return to the patient.
Specification