ANONYMOUS CROWD TRACKING

• US 20100197318A1
• Filed: 12/23/2009
• Published: 08/05/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 02/02/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Stripe, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Kota Enterprises, LLC (Concert Technology Corporation)
• Inventors: Petersen, Steven L., Jennings, Kenneth, Purdy, Sean T.
• Granted Patent: US 8,208,943 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 455/456.1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/6227 where protection concerns the structure of data, e.g. records, types, queries
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/10 Office automation; Time management
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/02 Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0893 Assignment of logical groups to network elements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/306 User profiles
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/52 specially adapted for the location of the user terminal
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/535 Tracking the activity of the user network monitoring arrangements H04L43/00; recording of computer activity G06F11/34
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/54 Presence management, e.g. monitoring or registration for receipt of user log-on information, or the connection status of the users
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/02 Services making use of location information
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/021 Services related to particular areas, e.g. point of interest [POI] services, venue services or geofences
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/029 Location-based management or tracking services
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 64/00 Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management

Abstract

A system and method for tracking crowds of users are provided. In one embodiment, a central system, which includes one or more servers, operates to obtain current locations for users of mobile devices. Based on the current locations of the users, the central system forms crowds of users. As a result of movement of the users and corresponding location updates, the crowds move and change over time. In order to track at least some of the crowds, crowd snapshots for those crowds are created over time and stored. The crowd snapshots preferably maintain anonymity of the users in the crowd at the time the crowd snapshots are created. Thereafter, the crowd snapshots may be used to generate crowd tracking data for select crowds.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

obtaining current locations of a plurality of users of a plurality of mobile devices, each of the plurality of users being a user of a corresponding one of the plurality of mobile devices;

forming a plurality of crowds based on the current locations of the plurality of users, each crowd of the plurality of crowds including a number of users of the plurality of users;

for each crowd of at least one of the plurality of crowds, creating a plurality of crowd snapshots of the crowd over time, each crowd snapshot of the plurality of crowd snapshots comprising anonymized user data for users of the plurality of users that are members of the crowd at a time at which the crowd snapshot is created; and

storing the plurality of crowd snapshots for each crowd of the at least one of the plurality of crowds.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein each crowd snapshot of the plurality of crowd snapshots of the crowd further comprises spatial information defining a location of the crowd at the time at which the crowd snapshot is created.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein creating the plurality of crowd snapshots of the crowd over time comprises:

detecting a crowd change event for the crowd;

creating a crowd snapshot of the crowd in response to detecting the crowd change event; and

repeating the steps of detecting a crowd change event for the crowd and creating a crowd snapshot of the crowd in response to detecting the crowd change event over time to provide the plurality of crowd snapshots of the crowd.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the crowd change event is one of a group consisting of:

removal of a user from the crowd, addition of a user to the crowd, change in boundaries of the crowd, and change to a computed center of the crowd.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising providing access to the plurality of crowd snapshots for each crowd of the at least one of the plurality of crowds.

6. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

receiving, from a requesting device, a crowd tracking data request for a crowd of the at least one of the plurality of crowds for which a plurality of crowd snapshots have been created and stored;

obtaining one or more relevant crowd snapshots for the crowd tracking data request from the plurality of crowd snapshots for the crowd identified by the crowd tracking data request;

generating crowd tracking data based on the one or more relevant crowd snapshots; and

returning the crowd tracking data to the requesting device.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein the one or more relevant crowd snapshots are all of the plurality of crowd snapshots for the crowd.

8. The method of claim 6 wherein the one or more relevant crowd snapshots are one or more crowd snapshots from the plurality of crowd snapshots for the crowd that satisfy one or more criteria associated with the crowd tracking data request.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein the plurality of crowd snapshots for the crowd identified by the crowd tracking data request include timestamps defining when the plurality of crowd snapshots were created, and the one or more criteria comprise one or more time-based criteria such that the one or more relevant crowd snapshots are one or more of the plurality of crowd snapshots having timestamps that satisfy the one or more time-based criteria.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein the one or more time-based criteria comprise a criterion selected from a group consisting of:

a range of dates such that the one or more relevant crowd snapshots are one or more of the plurality of crowd snapshots for the crowd created during the range of dates and a range of times on a particular date such that the one or more relevant crowd snapshots are one or more of the plurality of crowd snapshots for the crowd created during the range of times on the particular date.

11. The method of claim 8 wherein the one or more criteria comprise one or more user-based criteria such that the one or more relevant crowd snapshots are one or more of the plurality of crowd snapshots that satisfy the one or more user-based criteria.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the one or more user-based criteria comprises at least one of a group consisting of:

a minimum number of users such that the one or more relevant crowd snapshots are one or more of the plurality of crowd snapshots created when the crowd included at least the minimum number of users and a maximum number of users such that the one or more relevant crowd snapshots are one or more of the plurality of crowd snapshots created when the crowd included less than the maximum number of users.

13. The method of claim 11 wherein the one or more user-based criteria comprises a user interest such that the one or more relevant crowd snapshots are one or more of the plurality of crowd snapshots of the crowd created when the crowd included one or more users having the user interest.

14. The method of claim 11 wherein the one or more user-based criteria comprises a user interest and a minimum number of users such that the one or more relevant crowd snapshots are one or more of the plurality of crowd snapshots of the crowd created when the crowd included at least the minimum number of users having the user interest.

15. The method of claim 6 wherein each crowd snapshot of the plurality of crowd snapshots for the crowd comprise spatial information that defines a location of the crowd when the crowd snapshot was created, and the crowd tracking data includes spatial information that defines the location of the crowd over time as defined by the spatial information for the one or more relevant crowd snapshots.

16. The method of claim 6 wherein for each crowd snapshot of the plurality of crowd snapshots, the anonymized user data comprises user profile data that defines one or more interests of the users of the plurality of users that are members of the crowd at the time at which the crowd snapshot is created, and generating the crowd tracking data comprises generating aggregate profile data based on the user profile data included in the one or more relevant crowd snapshots such that the crowd tracking data comprises the aggregate profile data.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein the aggregate profile data comprises, for each relevant crowd snapshot of the one or more relevant crowd snapshots, an aggregate profile for the relevant crowd snapshot generated based on the user profile data included in the relevant crowd snapshot.

18. The method of claim 16 wherein the aggregate profile data comprises, for each relevant crowd snapshot of a subset of the one or more relevant crowd snapshots, an aggregate profile for the relevant crowd snapshot generated based on the user profile data included in the relevant crowd snapshot.

19. The method of claim 16 wherein the aggregate profile data comprises an average aggregate profile for the one or more relevant crowd snapshots, the average aggregate profile being an average of aggregate profiles for the one or more relevant crowd snapshots generated based on the user profile data included in the one or more relevant crowd snapshots.

20. The method of claim 16 wherein the aggregate profile data comprises an average aggregate profile for a subset of the one or more relevant crowd snapshots, the average aggregate profile being an average of aggregate profiles for the subset of the one or more relevant crowd snapshots generated based on the user profile data included in the subset of the one or more relevant crowd snapshots.

21. The method of claim 1 further comprising capturing crowd splits.

22. The method of claim 21 wherein:

forming the plurality of crowds comprises;

detecting a triggering event; and

performing a spatial crowd formation process for a bounding region for the triggering event; and

wherein capturing crowd splits comprises, after performing the spatial crowd formation process for the bounding region for the triggering event, for each crowd of at least a subset of the plurality of crowds relevant to the bounding region for the triggering event;

determining whether at least a threshold amount of users in the crowd are from a common previous crowd;

if at least the threshold amount of users in the crowd are from a common previous crowd, determining whether the common previous crowd still exists; and

if at least the threshold amount of users in the crowd are from a common previous crowd and the common previous crowd still exists, identifying the crowd as being a crowd that split from the common previous crowd.

23. The method of claim 22 wherein the threshold amount of users is one of a group consisting of:

a threshold number of users and a threshold percentage of users.

24. The method of claim 1 wherein:

forming the plurality of crowds comprises;

detecting a triggering event; and

performing a spatial crowd formation process for a bounding region for the triggering event; and

the method further comprises, after performing the spatial crowd formation process for the bounding region for the triggering event, for each crowd of at least a subset of the plurality of crowds relevant to the bounding region for the triggering event;

determining whether at least a threshold amount of users in the crowd are from a common previous crowd;

if at least the threshold amount of users in the crowd are from a common previous crowd, determining whether the common previous crowd has been removed; and

if at least the threshold amount of users in the crowd are from a common previous crowd and the common previous crowd has been removed, re-establishing the crowd as the common previous crowd.

25. The method of claim 24 wherein the threshold amount of users is one of a group consisting of:

a threshold number of users and a threshold percentage of users.

26. The method of claim 1 further comprising capturing crowd merges.

27. The method of claim 1 further comprising, for each crowd of one or more of the plurality of crowds, dynamically altering a degree of spatial proximity required to maintain a crowd identity of the crowd based on historical behavior of the crowd determined based on the plurality of crowd snapshots for the crowd.

28. The method of claim 1 wherein each crowd snapshot of the plurality of crowd snapshots of the crowd further comprises spatial information defining a location of the crowd at the time at which the crowd snapshot is created, and the method further comprises computing a motility of at least one of the plurality of crowds based on the plurality of crowd snapshots for the at least one of the plurality of crowds.

29. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

determining a duration of time that at least one of the plurality of crowds has existed based on the plurality of crowd snapshots for the at least one of the plurality of crowds; and

determining a quality of the at least one of the plurality of crowds based on the duration of time that the at least one of the plurality of crowds has existed.

30. A server comprising:

a communication interface communicatively coupling the server to a plurality of mobile devices of a plurality of users via a network, each of the plurality of users being a user of a corresponding one of the plurality of mobile devices; and

a control system associated with the communication interface and adapted to;

obtain current locations of the plurality of users of the plurality of mobile devices;

form a plurality of crowds based on the current locations of the plurality of users, each crowd of the plurality of crowds including a number of users of the plurality of users;

for each crowd of at least one of the plurality of crowds, create a plurality of crowd snapshots of the crowd over time, each crowd snapshot of the plurality of crowd snapshots comprising anonymized user data for users of the plurality of users that are members of the crowd at a time at which the crowd snapshot is created; and

store the plurality of crowd snapshots for each crowd of the at least one of the plurality of crowds.

31. A computer readable medium storing software for instructing a controller of a server to:

obtain current locations of a plurality of users of a plurality of mobile devices, each of the plurality of users being a user of a corresponding one of the plurality of mobile devices;

form a plurality of crowds based on the current locations of the plurality of users, each crowd of the plurality of crowds including a number of users of the plurality of users;

for each crowd of at least one of the plurality of crowds, create a plurality of crowd snapshots of the crowd over time, each crowd snapshot of the plurality of crowd snapshots comprising anonymized user data for users of the plurality of users that are members of the crowd at a time at which the crowd snapshot is created; and

store the plurality of crowd snapshots for each crowd of the at least one of the plurality of crowds.