METAMATERIAL POWER AMPLIFIER SYSTEMS

• US 20100207703A1
• Filed: 02/18/2010
• Published: 08/19/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 02/18/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Gula Consulting Limited Liability Company (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Original Assignee: Rayspan Corporation
• Inventors: Achour, Maha, Gummalla, Ajay, Dupuy, Alexandre
• Granted Patent: US 8,154,340 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 333/132
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 1/2039 Galvanic coupling between Input/Output
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 1/2138 using hollow waveguide filters H01P1/2131 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 5/12 Coupling devices having more than two ports H01P5/04 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 5/20 Magic-T junctions
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0211 with control of the supply voltage or current
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0261 with control of the polarisation voltage or current, e.g. gliding Class A
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/111 the amplifier being a dual or triple band amplifier, e.g. 900 and 1800 MHz, e.g. switched or not switched, simultaneously or not
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/7209 the gated amplifier being switched from a first band to a second band
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/7236 the gated amplifier being switched on or off by putting into parallel or not, by choosing between amplifiers by (a ) switch(es)
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/60 Amplifiers in which coupling networks have distributed constants, e.g. with waveguide resonators H03F3/54 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/72 Gated amplifiers, i.e. amplifiers which are rendered operative or inoperative by means of a control signal
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 7/0123 comprising distributed impedance elements together with lumped impedance elements
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 7/38 Impedance-matching networks
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 7/46 Networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on different frequencies or frequency bands, to a common load or source for use in multiplex transmission systems H04J1/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49002 Electrical device making

Abstract

Power amplifying systems and modules and components therein are designed based on CRLH structures, providing high efficiency and linearity.

Claims

1. A power amplifying system configured to operate for a plurality of frequency bands, comprising:

an input matching network configured to perform input impedance matching for input signals in the plurality of frequency bands;

a first frequency selecting module that is coupled to the input matching network and directs the input signal in each of the plurality of frequency bands to an input signal path associated with the frequency band;

one or more transistors that receive the input signals in the plurality of frequency bands and amplify the input signals to generate output signals in the plurality of frequency bands;

a bias circuit to bias the one or more transistors;

an output matching network configured to perform output impedance matching for the output signals in the plurality of frequency bands; and

a second frequency selecting module that is coupled to the output matching network and directs the output signal in each of the plurality of frequency bands to an output signal path associated with the frequency band.

2. The power amplifying system as in claim 1, further comprising:

a plurality of input ports that are coupled to the input matching network and receive the input signals in the plurality of frequency bands, respectively; and

a plurality of output ports that are coupled to the output matching network and output the output signals in the plurality of frequency bands, respectively,

wherein

the one or more transistors comprise a multiband transistor that is configured to operate for the plurality of frequency bands;

the input matching network receives the input signals from the plurality of input ports and processes and sends the input signals to the first frequency selecting module;

the first frequency selecting module directs the input signal in each of the plurality of frequency bands to the input signal path associated with the plurality of frequency bands and coupled to the multiband transistor; and

the second frequency selecting module directs the output signal in each of the plurality of frequency bands to the output signal path associated with the frequency band and coupled through the output matching network to one of the plurality of output ports that outputs the output signal in the frequency band.

3. The power amplifying system as in claim 1, further comprising:

an input port that is coupled to the first frequency selecting module and receives the input signals in the plurality of frequency bands; and

an output port that is coupled to the second frequency selecting module and outputs the output signals in the plurality of frequency bands,

wherein

the one or more transistors comprise a plurality of single-band transistors that are configured to operate for the plurality of frequency bands, respectively;

the first frequency selecting module receives the input signals in the plurality of frequency bands from the input port and directs the input signal in each of the plurality of frequency bands to the input signal path associated with the frequency band and coupled through the input matching network to one of the plurality of single-band transistors that operates for the frequency band;

the output matching network receives the output signals from the plurality of single-band transistors and processes and sends the output signals to the second frequency selecting module; and

the second frequency selecting module directs the output signal in each of the plurality of frequency bands to the output signal path associated with the plurality of frequency bands and coupled to the output port.

4. The power amplifying system as in claim 1, wherein

the bias circuit comprises a CRLH structure.

5. The power amplifying system as in claim 1, wherein

the first and second frequency selecting modules include a plurality of frequency selectors, each of which is configured to transmit a signal in a frequency band associated with the frequency selector, and remove signals in one or more frequency bands that are different from the frequency band associated with the frequency selector.

6. The power amplifying system as in claim 5, wherein

at least one of the plurality of frequency selectors is configured to be actively controlled to form an active frequency selector to transmit the signal in the frequency band associated with the frequency selector, wherein the frequency band associated with the frequency selector varies depending on time.

7. The power amplifying system as in claim 5, wherein at least one of the frequency selectors comprises a composite right and left handed (CRLH) structure.

8. The power amplifying system as in claim 5, wherein the first and second frequency selecting modules include one or more frequency selecting networks, each frequency selecting network comprising:

a first port;

a plurality of second ports associated with the plurality of frequency bands, respectively; and

a plurality of signal paths coupling the first port and the plurality of second ports, respectively, forming multifurcated branches, the plurality of signal paths being coupled to the plurality of frequency selectors, respectively,

wherein

each of the frequency selectors is configured to transmit the signal in the frequency band associated with the frequency selector between the first port and the second port associated with the frequency band.

9. The power amplifying system as in claim 8, wherein

the first port is configured to receive the signals in the plurality of frequency bands sequentially in time intervals;

and

the plurality of second ports are configured to output the signals.

10. The power amplifying system as in claim 8, wherein

the plurality of second ports are configured to receive the signals in the plurality of frequency bands, respectively, which are inputted sequentially in time intervals;

and

the first port is configured to output the signals.

11. The power amplifying system as in claim 6, wherein

the active frequency selector comprises:

a first port for receiving the signals in the plurality of frequency bands simultaneously or sequentially in time intervals;

a second port for outputting the signal in a predetermined frequency band in a predetermined time interval, wherein the predetermined frequency band changes sequentially as the time interval changes;

a signal path coupling the first port and the second port; and

a plurality of active components coupled to the signal path and controlled to turn on and off as the time interval changes for selecting the predetermined frequency band that changes as the time interval changes.

12. A power amplifier, comprising:

an input matching network configured to perform input impedance matching for an input signal in a frequency band;

a transistor coupled to the input matching network, the transistor receiving the input signal in the frequency band and amplifying the input signal to generate an output signal in the frequency band; and

a frequency selector configured to have a shunt element based on a CRLH structure and a series element and coupled to the transistor, the frequency selector receiving the output signal from the transistor and processing the output signal.

13. The power amplifier as in claim 12, wherein the transistor is biased with class-AB.

14. The power amplifier as in claim 12, further comprising

an output matching network configured to perform output impedance matching for the output signal in the frequency band,

wherein

the shunt element is configured based on the CRLH structure to have a phase response to remove harmonics associated with the output signal in the frequency band and send the output signal to the output matching network;

and

the series element is configured to have a phase response to adjust signal properties including transmission and reflection.

15. The power amplifier as in claim 14, wherein

the series element is configured based on a right-handed (RH) structure to have the phase response to have an open circuit for odd harmonics and a shorted circuit for even harmonics at an input end of the frequency selector.

16. The power amplifier as in claim 12,

wherein

the shunt element is configured based on the CRLH structure to have a phase response to remove harmonics associated with the output signal in the frequency band and perform output impedance matching for the output signal;

and

the series element is configured to have a phase response to adjust signal properties including transmission and reflection.

17. The power amplifier as in claim 16,

wherein

the series element is configured based on an RH structure to have the phase response to have an open circuit for odd harmonics and a shorted circuit for even harmonics at an input end of the frequency selector.

18. A power amplifier, comprising:

a transistor having a first terminal and a second terminal, the transistor receiving an input signal at the first terminal, amplifying the input signal to generate an output signal, and outputting the output signal at the second terminal;

a CRLH transmission line (TL) coupled to the first terminal of the transistor, the CRLH TL comprising a CRLH structure including a varactor; and

a detector coupled to the second terminal of the transistor for detecting the output signal and send an signal associated with phase distortion of the output signal to the CRLH TL,

wherein

a phase associated with the input signal is varied by the varactor that is controlled by the signal associated with the phase distortion sent from the detector.

20. The power amplifier as in claim 18, the CRLH structure is configured to further perform input impedance matching.

19. The power amplifier as in clam 18, further comprising an output matching network coupled between the second terminal and the detector.

21. A frequency selecting network comprising:

a first port;

a plurality of second ports associated with a plurality of frequency bands, respectively; and

a plurality of signal paths coupling the first port and the plurality of second ports, respectively, forming multifurcated branches, the plurality of signal paths being coupled to a plurality of frequency selectors, respectively,

wherein

each of the frequency selectors is configured to transmit a signal in a frequency band associated with the frequency selector between the first port and the second port associated with the frequency band; and

wherein

at least one frequency selector comprises a CRLH structure.

22. The frequency selecting network as in claim 21, wherein

the at least one frequency selector includes a shunt element having the CRLH structure, wherein the shunt element is configured based on the CRLH structure to have a phase response to produce predetermined impedances at a predetermined location in the frequency selector for transmitting the signal in the frequency band associated with the frequency selector.

23. The frequency selecting network as in claim 22, wherein

the at least one frequency selector further includes a second shunt element having a second CRLH structure.

24. The frequency selecting network as in claim 21, wherein

the at least one frequency selector includes a series element having the CRLH structure.

25. The frequency selecting network as in claim 22, wherein

the at least one frequency selector further includes a series element having an RH structure.

26. A frequency selector, comprising:

an input port for receiving signals in a plurality of frequency bands;

an output port for outputting a signal in a predetermined frequency band selected from the plurality of frequency bands;

a signal path coupling the input port and the output port; and

a TL having a first end and a second end, the first end being an distal end of the TL and the second end being an proximal end coupled in shunt to the signal path;

wherein

the TL is configured to have a phase response that provides an open circuit at the second end for the predetermined frequency band and a shorted circuit at the second end for frequency bands different from the predetermined frequency band.

27. The frequency selector as in claim 26, wherein

the TL comprises a CRLH structure and is configured based on the CRLH structure to have the phase response that provides one of 0°

±

(k×

180°

), where k=0, 1, 2, . . . , for the predetermined frequency band and one of 90°

±

(k×

180°

), where k=0, 1, 2, . . . , for the frequency bands different from the predetermined frequency band when the first end is configured to have an open circuit; and

the TL comprises a CRLH structure and is configured based on the CRLH structure to have the phase response that provides one of 90°

±

(k×

180°

), where k=0, 1, 2, . . . , for the predetermined frequency band and one of 0°

±

(k×

180°

), where k=0, 1, 2, . . . , for the frequency bands other than the predetermined frequency band when the first end is configured to have a shorted circuit.

28. The frequency selector as in claim 26, further comprising

a second TL coupled in series with the signal path, wherein the second TL is configured to have a phase response to adjust signal properties including transmission and reflection.

29. The frequency selector as in claim 28, wherein

the second TL is configured to have the phase response that provides an open at the input port for the signals in the frequency bands different from the predetermined frequency band.

30. The frequency selector as in claim 28, wherein

the second TL comprises an RH structure.

31. The frequency selector as in claim 28, wherein

the second TL comprises a CRLH structure.

32. The frequency selector as in claim 26, wherein

the TL comprises an extended-CRLH structure and is configured based on the extended-CRLH structure to have the phase response that provides a short circuit at the second end for more than three frequency bands different from the predetermined frequency band.

33. The frequency selector as in claim 26, wherein

the TL is configured to have the phase response that provides an open circuit at the second end for the predetermined frequency band and a shorted circuit at the second end for harmonics of the predetermined frequency band.

34. The frequency selector as in claim 28, further comprising

a third TL having a third end and a fourth end, the third end being a distal end of the third TL and the fourth end being a proximal end coupled in shunt to the signal path, wherein

the third TL is configured to have a phase response that provides an open circuit at the fourth end for the predetermined frequency band and a shorted circuit at the fourth end for frequency bands different from the predetermined frequency band.

35. An active frequency selector, comprising:

an input port for receiving signals in a plurality of frequency bands;

an output port for outputting a first signal in a first predetermined frequency band and a second signal in a second predetermined frequency band, the first and second frequency bands being selected from the plurality of frequency bands;

a signal path coupling the input port and the output port;

a first TL having a first end and a second end, the first end being a distal end of the first TL;

a first active component coupling the second end and the signal path in shunt;

a second TL having a third end and a fourth end, the third end being a distal end of the second TL; and

a second active component coupling the fourth end and the signal path in shunt,

wherein

the first TL is configured to have a phase response that provides an open circuit at the second end for the first predetermined frequency band and a shorted circuit at the second end for the second frequency band; and

the second TL is configured to have a phase response that provides an open circuit at the fourth end for the second predetermined frequency band and a shorted circuit at the second end for the first frequency band;

and wherein

the first active component is controlled to be in an on-state to couple the first TL to the signal path and the second active component is controlled to be in an off-state to decouple the second TL to direct the first signal in the first predetermined frequency band to the output port; and

the second active component is controlled to be in an on-state to couple the second TL to the signal path and the first active component is controlled to be in an off-state to decouple the first TL to direct the second signal in the second predetermined frequency band to the output port.

36. The active frequency selector as in claim 35, wherein

the first and second TLs comprise a CRLH structure.

37. The active frequency selector as in claim 35, wherein

the signals in the plurality of frequency bands are received at the input port simultaneously.

38. The active frequency selector as in claim 35, wherein

the signals in the plurality of frequency bands are received sequentially in time intervals.

39. The active frequency selector as in claim 35, further comprising

a third TL coupled in series with the signal path, wherein the third TL is configured to have a phase response to adjust signal properties including transmission and reflection.

40. The active frequency selector as in claim 35, wherein

the first TL is configured to have the phase response that provides an open circuit at the second end for the first predetermined frequency band and a shorted circuit at the second end for the second predetermined frequency band and harmonics of the first predetermined frequency band;

and

the second TL is configured to have a phase response that provides an open circuit at the fourth end for the second predetermined frequency band and a shorted circuit at the second end for the first frequency band and harmonics of the second predetermined frequency band.

41. A bias circuit for biasing a transistor, comprising:

a first TL having a first end and a second end;

a second TL having a third end and a fourth end;

a third TL comprising a CRLH structure and having a fifth end and a sixth end;

wherein

the first TL, the second TL and the third TL are coupled radially to form a common portion with the first end, third end and the fifth end;

the first TL is configured to receive a bias signal from an external supply through the second end; and

the second TL is configured to send the bias signal to an RF signal path through the fourth end to bias the transistor coupled to the RF signal path.

42. The bias circuit as in claim 41, wherein

the second TL and the third TL are configured to have a second phase response and a third phase response, respectively, to provide an open circuit at the fourth end of the second TL for signals in a plurality of frequency bands.

43. The bias circuit as in claim 42, wherein

the second TL is configured to have the second phase response to provide arbitrary impedances at the common portion for the signals in the plurality of frequency bands;

and

the third TL is configured based on the CRLH structure to have the third phase response to compensate for the arbitrary impedances.

44. The bias circuit as in claim 43, wherein

the third phase response provides phases for the plurality of frequency bands chosen from k×

180°

, where k=0, ±

1, ±

2 . . . , between the fourth end and the sixth end to compensate for the arbitrary impedances to have an open circuit at the fourth end for the plurality of frequency bands when the sixth end is open; and

the third phase response provides phases for the plurality of frequency bands chosen from k×

90°

, where k=±

1, ±

2 . . . , between the fourth end and the sixth end to compensate for the arbitrary phases to have an open circuit at the fourth end for the plurality of frequency bands when the sixth end is shorted.

45. A power amplifying system configured to operate for a plurality of frequency bands, comprising:

an input matching network configured to perform input impedance matching for input signals in the plurality of frequency bands;

a frequency selecting module that is coupled to the input matching network and directs the input signal in each of the plurality of frequency bands to an input signal path associated with the frequency band;

one or more transistors that receive the input signals in the plurality of frequency bands and amplify the input signals to generate output signals in the plurality of frequency bands; and

a bias circuit to bias the one or more transistors;

an output matching network configured to perform output impedance matching for the output signals in the plurality of frequency bands and output the output signals.

46. The power amplifying system as in claim 45, wherein

the bias circuit comprises a CRLH structure.

47. The power amplifying system as in claim 45, wherein

the frequency selecting module includes at least one frequency selector, which is configured to transmit a signal in a frequency band associated with the frequency selector, and remove signals in one or more frequency bands that are different from the frequency band associated with the frequency selector.

48. The power amplifying system as in claim 47, wherein

the at least one frequency selector is configured to be actively controlled to form an active frequency selector to transmit the signal in the frequency band associated with the frequency selector, wherein the frequency band associated with the frequency selector varies depending on time.

49. The power amplifying system as in claim 47, wherein the at least one frequency selector comprises a CRLH structure.

50. A power amplifying system configured to operate for a plurality of frequency bands, comprising:

an input matching network configured to perform input impedance matching for input signals in the plurality of frequency bands;

one or more transistors that receive the input signals in the plurality of frequency bands and amplify the input signals to generate output signals in the plurality of frequency bands;

a bias circuit to bias the one or more transistors;

an output matching network configured to perform output impedance matching for the output signals in the plurality of frequency bands; and

a frequency selecting module that is coupled to the output matching network and directs the output signal in each of the plurality of frequency bands to an output signal path to output the output signals.

51. The power amplifying system as in claim 50, wherein

the bias circuit comprises a CRLH structure.

52. The power amplifying system as in claim 50, wherein

the frequency selecting module includes at least one frequency selector, which is configured to transmit a signal in a frequency band associated with the frequency selector, and remove signals in one or more frequency bands that are different from the frequency band associated with the frequency selector.

53. The power amplifying system as in claim 52, wherein

the at least one frequency selector is configured to be actively controlled to form an active frequency selector to transmit the signal in the frequency band associated with the frequency selector, wherein the frequency band associated with the frequency selector varies depending on time.

54. The power amplifying system as in claim 52, wherein the at least one frequency selector comprises a CRLH structure.

55. A method of making a power amplifying system operable for a plurality of frequency bands, the method comprising:

forming an input matching network to perform input impedance matching for input signals in the plurality of frequency bands;

coupling a plurality of input ports that receive the input signals in the plurality of frequency bands, respectively, to the input matching network;

coupling a first frequency selecting module to the input matching network to direct the input signal in each of the plurality of frequency bands to an input signal path associated with the plurality of frequency bands;

coupling a multiband transistor to the input signal path to receive the input signals in the plurality of frequency bands and amplify the input signals to generate output signals in the plurality of frequency bands;

forming an output matching network to perform output impedance matching for output signals in the plurality of frequency bands;

coupling a second frequency selecting module between the multiband transistor and the output matching network to direct the output signal in each of the plurality of frequency bands to an output signal path associated with the frequency band; and

coupling a plurality of output ports to the output signal paths associated with the plurality of frequency bands, respectively, to output the output signals.

56. The method as in claim 55, further comprising:

forming the first and second frequency modules by including a plurality of frequency selectors; and

configuring each of the plurality of frequency selectors to transmit a signal in a frequency band associated with the frequency selector and remove signals in one or more frequency bands that are different from the frequency band associated with the frequency selector.

57. The method as in claim 56, further comprising:

configuring at least one of the frequency selectors to be actively controlled to transmit a signal in a frequency band associated with the frequency selector when the frequency band associated with the frequency selector varies depending on time.

58. The method as in claim 55, further comprising:

forming at least one of the frequency selectors based on a CRLH structure.

59. A method of making a power amplifying system operable for a plurality of frequency bands, the method comprising:

forming an input matching network to perform input impedance matching for input signals in the plurality of frequency bands;

coupling a first frequency selecting module to the input matching network to direct the input signal in each of the plurality of frequency bands to an input signal path associated with the frequency band;

coupling an input port that receives the input signals in the plurality of frequency bands to the frequency selecting module;

coupling a plurality of transistors that receive the input signals through the input signal paths associated with the plurality of frequency bands, respectively, and amplify the input signals to generate output signals in the plurality of frequency bands;

forming an output matching network to perform output impedance matching for output signals in the plurality of frequency bands;

coupling a second frequency selecting module to the output matching network to direct the output signal in each of the plurality of frequency bands to an output signal path associated with the plurality of frequency bands; and

coupling an output port to the output signal path to output the output signals.

60. The method as in claim 59, further comprising:

forming the first and second frequency modules by including a plurality of frequency selectors; and

configuring each of the plurality of frequency selectors to transmit a signal in a frequency band associated with the frequency selector and remove signals in one or more frequency bands that are different from the frequency band associated with the frequency selector.

61. The method as in claim 60, further comprising:

configuring at least one of the frequency selectors to be actively controlled to transmit a signal in a frequency band associated with the frequency selector when the frequency band associated with the frequency selector varies depending on time.

62. The method as in claim 60, wherein

the configuring each of the plurality of frequency selectors comprises forming a frequency selector based on a CRLH structure to have a phase response to transmit the signal in the frequency band associated with the frequency selector and remove signals in one or more frequency bands that are different from the frequency band associated with the frequency selector.

63. A method of making a class-J power amplifier, comprising:

forming an input matching network to perform input impedance matching for an input signal in a frequency band;

coupling a transistor to the input matching network to receive the input signal in the frequency band and amplify the input signal to generate an output signal in the frequency band;

forming a bias circuit to bias the transistor with class-AB;

forming a frequency selector to have a shunt element based on a CRLH structure and a series element based on an RH structure; and

coupling the frequency selector to the transistor to receive and process the output signal.

64. The method as in claim 63, further comprising;

forming an output matching network to perform output impedance matching for the output signal in the frequency band;

wherein the forming the frequency selector comprises;

configuring the shunt element based on the CRLH structure to have a phase response to remove harmonics associated with the output signal in the frequency band and send the output signal to the output matching network; and

configuring the series element based on the RH structure to have a phase response to adjust signal properties including transmission and reflection.

65. The method as in claim 64, wherein

the configuring the series element comprises configuring the series element based on the RH structure to have the phase response to have an open circuit for odd harmonics and a shorted circuit for even harmonics at an input end of the frequency selector.

66. The method as in claim 63,

wherein the forming the frequency selector comprises:

configuring the shunt element based on the CRLH structure to have a phase response to remove harmonics associated with the output signal in the frequency band and perform output input impedance matching for the output signal; and

configuring the series element based on the RH structure to have a phase response to adjust signal properties including transmission and reflection.

67. The method as in claim 66, wherein

the configuring the series element comprises configuring the series element based on the RH structure to have the phase response to have an open circuit for odd harmonics and a shorted circuit for even harmonics at an input end of the frequency selector.

68. A method of making a frequency selector, comprising:

forming an input port to receive signals in a plurality of frequency bands;

forming an output port to output a signal in a predetermined frequency band selected from the plurality of frequency bands;

forming a signal path between the input port and the output port;

forming a TL having a first end and a second end;

coupling the second end of the TL in shunt to the signal path; and

configuring the TL to have a phase response that provides an open circuit at the second end for the predetermined frequency band and a shorted circuit at the second end for frequency bands other than the predetermined frequency band.

69. The method as in claim 68, wherein

the configuring the TL comprises:

forming the TL based on a CRLH structure to have the phase response that provides one of 0°

±

(k×

180°

), where k=0, 1, 2, . . . , for the predetermined frequency band and one of 90°

±

(k×

180°

), where k=0, 1, 2, . . . , for the frequency bands other than the predetermined frequency band when the first end is configured to have an open circuit, and to have the phase response that provides one of 90°

±

(k×

180°

, where k=0, 1, 2, . . . , for the predetermined frequency band and one of 0°

±

(k×

180°

), where k=0, 1, 2, . . . , for the frequency bands other than the predetermined frequency band when the first end is configured to have a shorted circuit.

70. The method as in claim 68, further comprising:

configuring a second TL to have a phase response to adjust signal properties including transmission and reflection; and

coupling the second TL in series with the signal path.

71. A method of using a power amplifying system operable for a plurality of frequency bands, the method comprising:

receiving input signals in the plurality of frequency band;

performing input impedance matching for input signals in the plurality of frequency bands based on an input matching network;

directing the input signal in each of the plurality of frequency bands to an input signal path associated with the frequency band by coupling a first frequency selecting module to the input matching network;

using one or more transistors to amplify the input signals to generate output signals in the plurality of frequency bands;

performing output impedance matching for output signals in the plurality of frequency bands based on an output matching network;

directing the output signal in each of the plurality of frequency bands to an output signal path associated with the frequency band by coupling a second frequency selecting module to the output matching network; and

outputting the output signals.

72. The method as in claim 71, wherein:

the directing the input signal includes using a phase response of a CRLH structure in the first frequency module.

73. The method as in claim 71, wherein:

the directing the output signal includes using a phase response of a CRLH structure in the second frequency module.

74. A method of using a class-J power amplifier, comprising:

receiving an input signal in a frequency band;

performing input impedance matching for the input signal in the frequency band;

using a transistor to amplify the input signal to generate an output signal in the frequency band by coupling the transistor to the input matching network;

biasing the transistor with class-AB; and

processing the output signal by coupling a frequency selector to the transistor, the frequency selector formed to have a shunt element based on a CRLH structure and a series element based on an RH structure.

75. The method as in claim 74, wherein

the processing the output signal includes removing harmonics associated with the output signal in the frequency band by using a phase response of the CRLH structure.

76. The method as in claim 75, wherein

the processing the output signal further includes and performing output input impedance matching for the output signal.