Condensate Glucose Analyzer
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Abstract
Systems and methods for analyzing glucose present in exhaled breath condensate (EBC). In certain embodiments, electrochemical- or coulometnc-based sensing technologies are used to analyze EBC for the presence and/or concentration of glucose. Based on the detected glucose m EBC, the subject invention provides systems and methods for non-invasive, accurate assessment of blood glucose levels.
34 Citations
42 Claims
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1-26. -26. (canceled)
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27. An apparatus for monitoring blood glucose concentration and fluctuations therein in a living, breathing subject which comprises:
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a. a breath collection reservoir for collecting at least one breath or breath component from said living, breathing subject, said breath collection reservoir comprising or connected to a breath condensate collection reservoir; b. said breath condensate collection reservoir comprising or connected to at least one sensor such that breath condensate from said at least one breath or breath component contacts said at least one sensor; c. said at least one sensor comprising a means for measuring the concentration of glucose and of at least one dilutional indicator when contacted with breath condensate collected in said breath condensate collection reservoir; d. said at least one sensor being operatively connected to at least one processor to which said sensor transmits signals representative of the sensed concentration of glucose and of said dilutional indicator in collected breath condensate in contact with said at least one sensor; e. said processor, on receiving said at least one signal from said at least one sensor, calculating the blood concentration of glucose by dividing the measured glucose concentration in said breath condensate by the dilutional indicator concentration in said breath condensate and multiplying by a number which represents the concentration of said dilutional indicator in blood. - View Dependent Claims (28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 41)
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35. A non-invasive, portable glucose monitoring device comprising at least one processor and at least one collection reservoir for extracting and collecting condensate from at least one exhaled breath sample, wherein said collection reservoir comprises a sensor and a signaling means, wherein said sensor is equipped to identify glucose and at least one solute in the extracted condensate, and where the concentration of said at least one solute, the concentration of which is both tightly regulated in blood and which concentration is substantially identical in airway lining fluid to that in blood, is used by said processor as a ratio with the concentration of that same solute in blood to determine a dilution factor to be utilized in correlating the concentration of glucose in blood with the glucose identified in the extracted condensate by multiplying said dilution factor with the concentration of glucose in said condensate.
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36. A method for measuring the glucose concentration in blood from an exhaled breath sample of a subject which comprises:
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a. collecting at least one exhaled breath sample or component thereof from said subject; b. extracting condensate from said at least one exhaled breath sample; c. contacting said condensate with a glucose sensor to determine a glucose concentration in said condensate and with an electrolytic sensor to determine a concentration of at least one electrolyte in said condensate, the concentration of which is both tightly regulated in blood and which concentration is substantially identical in airway lining fluid to that in blood; d. obtaining the ratio of said concentration of said at least one electrolyte in said condensate with the concentration of said at least one electrolyte in blood; and e. multiplying said ratio with said glucose concentration in said condensate to obtain the glucose concentration in the blood of said subject. - View Dependent Claims (37, 38, 39, 40)
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42. A method for monitoring blood glucose concentration which comprises:
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a. collecting from a subject a breath or breath component in a breath collection reservoir, said breath collection reservoir comprising or connected to a breath condensate collection reservoir; b. contacting breath condensate collected in said breath condensate collection reservoir with at least one sensor; c. measuring the concentration of glucose and of at least one dilutional indicator by contacting said breath condensate collected in said breath condensate collection reservoir with said at least one sensor; d. using the measured concentration of glucose and the at least one dilutional indicator from collected breath condensate in contact with said at least one sensor to calculate the blood concentration of glucose by dividing the measured glucose concentration in said breath condensate by the dilutional indicator concentration in said breath condensate and multiplying by a number which represents the concentration of said dilutional indicator in blood.
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Specification