Systems, devices, and methods including paramagnetic oscillation, rotation, and translation of hemozoin asymmetric nanoparticles in response to dark-field or Rheinberg detection of the presence of hemozoin

• US 20100222662A1
• Filed: 02/10/2010
• Published: 09/02/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 12/11/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Tokitae LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Original Assignee: Searete LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Inventors: Myhrvold, Nathan P., Tegreene, Clarence T., Wood, Lowell L. JR., Kare, Jordin T., Wilson, Benjamin K., Hegg, Michael C., Horning, Matthew P.
• Granted Patent: US 8,388,509 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/407
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0238 Optical sensor arrangements for performing transmission measurements on body tissue
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1233 for measuring blood flow, e.g. at the retina
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0059 using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence A61B5/0093, A61B5/1455, A61B5/02416 and A61B5/0261 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0062 Arrangements for scanning
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/05 Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves impedance plethysmography A61B5/0295; measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof A61B5/11; detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof A61B5/24
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14546 for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/48 Other medical applications
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/06 Measuring blood flow measuring volume flow in general G01F, e.g. G01F1/66, G01F1/72; measuring speed of fluids in general G01P5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2/004 specially adapted for a specific therapy
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/00 Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light G01N3/00 - G01N19/00 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/49 within a body or fluid
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2333/445 Plasmodium
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 21/10 affording dark-field illumination G02B21/14 and G02B21/125 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 21/361 Optical details, e.g. image relay to the camera or image sensor G02B21/364 takes precedence; illumination details G02B21/06 and subgroups
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/1313 specially adapted for a particular application
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 50/30 Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Abstract

Systems, devices, and methods are described for providing a monitor/treatment device configured to, for example, detect hemozoin, as well as to monitor or treat a malarial infection.

Claims

1. A system, comprising:

circuitry configured to detect a scattered energy from a biological tissue in at least one of a dark-field detection configuration and a Rheinberg detection configuration; and

circuitry configured to magnetically perturb hemozoin nanoparticles in the biological tissue in response to a comparison between detected scattered energy information and reference hemozoin nanoparticles scattered energy information.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

circuitry configured to impart an effective amount of an electromagnetic energy stimulus in a dark-field configuration onto one or more regions of the biological tissue to produce scattered energy from the biological tissue.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the circuitry configured to impinge the effective amount of an electromagnetic energy stimulus includes a lens array assembly configured to focus one or more incident electromagnetic energy stimuli onto the biological subject and to receive scattered energy therefrom.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the circuitry configured to detect the scattered energy includes at least one sensor configured to receive a portion of the scattered energy in a dark-field detection configuration.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the circuitry configured to detect the scattered energy includes at least one sensor configured to receive a portion of the scattered energy in a Rheinberg detection configuration.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the circuitry configured to detect the scattered energy includes a lens array assembly configured receive at least a portion of the scattered energy from the biological subject.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the circuitry configured to detect the scattered energy includes a Rheinberg differential color illumination assembly configured receive at least a portion of the scattered energy from the biological subject.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the circuitry configured to detect the scattered energy includes at least one Rheinberg filter.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the circuitry configured to magnetically perturb hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue includes a coil assembly configured to magnetically induce at least one of an oscillation, a translation, and a rotation of hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the circuitry configured to magnetically perturb hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue includes one or more conductive traces configured to cause at least one of an oscillation, a translation, and a rotation of hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the circuitry configured to magnetically perturb hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue includes one or more processors that, when activated, generate a control signal that causes the comparison between the detected scattered energy and the reference hemozoin nanoparticles scattered energy information.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the comparison includes comparing, using circuitry, a detected scattering profile associated with a plurality of target regions within a biological subject interrogated by a multiplexed dark-field interrogation stimulus in the presence of a magnetic field stimulus and reference hemozoin dark field scattering information.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the comparison includes comparing, using circuitry, a detected scattering profile obtained using a Rheinberg illumination configuration in the presence of a magnetic field stimulus and reference hemozoin Rheinberg illumination spectral information.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein magnetically perturbing the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue includes applying a magnetic field stimulus of a character and for a duration sufficient to cause the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue to affect the integrity of a digestive food vacuole of a malaria parasite.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein magnetically perturbing the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue includes applying an alternating magnetic field stimulus of a character and for a duration sufficient to cause the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue to rupture a membrane of a digestive food vacuole of a malaria parasite.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein magnetically perturbing the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue includes applying a time-varying magnetic field stimulus of a character and for a duration sufficient to cause a reduction in a parasitemia level.

12. A method, comprising:

generating a comparison between (a) a detected scattering profile information associated with a plurality of target regions within a biological tissue interrogated by a dark-field interrogation stimulus in the presence of a magnetic field stimulus and (b) reference hemozoin dark field scattering information; and

magnetically perturbing hemozoin nanoparticles in the biological tissue based in part on the comparison.

18. An apparatus, comprising:

a magnetic field generator configured to concurrently or sequentially generate at least a first electromagnetic energy stimulus and a second electromagnetic energy stimulus, the first electromagnetic energy stimulus of a character and for a duration sufficient to magnetically align hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue, the second electromagnetic energy stimulus of a character and for a duration sufficient to magnetically induce at least one of an oscillation, a translation, and a rotation of the hemozoin nanoparticles in the biological tissue.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, further comprising:

a dark-field electromagnetic energy emitting component configured to interrogate at least one focal volume of biological tissue with a multi-mode dark-field stimulus.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising:

an electromagnetic energy sensor component configured to detect, via a dark-field detection configuration, response energy associated with hemozoin nanoparticles interrogated by the multi-mode dark-field stimulus in the presence of the first electromagnetic energy stimulus.

21. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising:

an electromagnetic energy sensor component including at least one Rheinberg filter, the electromagnetic energy sensor component configured to detect scatter energy associated with hemozoin nanoparticles interrogated by the multi-mode dark-field stimulus in the presence of the first electromagnetic energy stimulus or the second electromagnetic energy stimulus.

22. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the electromagnetic energy sensor component includes at least one spectrometer.

23. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the electromagnetic energy sensor component is configured to detect a spectral response associated with hemozoin nanoparticles interrogated by the multi-mode dark-field stimulus in the presence of the first electromagnetic energy stimulus or the second electromagnetic energy stimulus.

24. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising:

an electromagnetic energy sensor component configured to detect scatter energy associated with hemozoin nanoparticles interrogated by the multi-mode dark-field stimulus in the presence of the first electromagnetic energy stimulus or the second electromagnetic energy stimulus.

25. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the induced at least one of the oscillation, the translation, and the rotation of the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue is sufficient to affect an integrity of an organelle of a malarial infectious agent.

26. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the induced at least one of the oscillation, the translation, and the rotation of the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue is sufficient to affect the integrity of a digestive food vacuole of a malaria parasite.

27. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the induced at least one of the oscillation, the translation, and the rotation of the hemozoin nanoparticles in a biological tissue is sufficient to disrupt an in vivo heme polymerization process.