BROADBAND METAMATERIAL APPARATUS, METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND COMPUTER READABLE MEDIA
First Claim
Patent Images
1. An apparatus, comprising:
- a broadband interface structure having a front surface region and a back surface region, the broadband interface structure being arranged to provide electromagnetic energy characteristic of an apparent profile of the back surface region substantially different than an actual profile of the back surface region for electromagnetic energy received at the front surface region.
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Abstract
Broadband metamaterial apparatus, methods, systems, and computer readable media are disclosed, as well as exemplary embodiments that provide cloaking, beam steering, and beam focusing. In one exemplary implementation, a broadband interface structure has a front surface region and a back surface region. The broadband interface structure is arranged to provide electromagnetic energy characteristic of an apparent profile of the back surface region substantially different than an actual profile of the back surface region for electromagnetic energy received at the front surface region.
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Citations
117 Claims
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1. An apparatus, comprising:
a broadband interface structure having a front surface region and a back surface region, the broadband interface structure being arranged to provide electromagnetic energy characteristic of an apparent profile of the back surface region substantially different than an actual profile of the back surface region for electromagnetic energy received at the front surface region. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. A method, comprising:
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receiving broadband electromagnetic energy from one or more directions; directing the broadband electromagnetic energy toward a physical topography; and substantially independently of the one or more directions, transmitting the broadband electromagnetic energy in a manner whereby the transmitted broadband electromagnetic energy appears to be returned from an apparent topography different than the physical topography. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
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30. An electromagnetic apparatus, comprising:
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a plurality of non-resonant elements having respective individual electromagnetic responses, the plurality of respective electromagnetic responses providing effective medium parameters; where the effective medium parameters include an effective permittivity that is substantially non-constant over a broadband frequency range, an effective permeability that is substantially non-constant over the broadband frequency range, and an effective refractive index that is substantially constant over the broadband frequency range.
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31. An electromagnetic apparatus, comprising:
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a plurality of non-resonant elements having respective individual electromagnetic responses, the plurality of respective electromagnetic responses providing effective medium parameters; where the effective medium parameters include an effective permittivity that is substantially non-constant over a broadband frequency range, an effective permeability that is substantially non-constant over the broadband frequency range, and an effective wave impedance that is substantially constant over the broadband frequency range.
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32. An electromagnetic apparatus, comprising:
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a plurality of elements having respective characteristic resonance frequencies; where the elements are spatially distributed to provide at least one effective medium parameter that is substantially constant over a broadband frequency range substantially different from the respective characteristic resonance frequencies, the at least one effective medium parameter being substantially determined by the respective characteristic resonance frequencies. - View Dependent Claims (33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47)
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48. An electromagnetic apparatus, comprising:
an artificially-structured material that includes a spatial distribution of a plurality of non-resonant elements having respective individual electromagnetic responses, the plurality of respective electromagnetic responses providing a spatially-varying effective refractive index, where the spatially-varying effective refractive index is substantially nondispersive over a broadband frequency range. - View Dependent Claims (49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60)
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61. An broadband electromagnetic apparatus, comprising:
an artificially-structured material that includes a plurality of adjustable nonresonant elements having respective adjustable individual responses, the plurality of respective adjustable individual responses providing one or more adjustable effective medium parameters. - View Dependent Claims (62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75)
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76. A method, comprising:
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selecting a pattern of electromagnetic medium parameters; determining respective physical parameters for a plurality of nonresonant elements positionable in a spatial arrangement to provide a pattern of effective electromagnetic medium parameters that substantially corresponds to the selected pattern of electromagnetic medium parameters for a broadband frequency range. - View Dependent Claims (77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92)
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93. A method, comprising:
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selecting an electromagnetic function; and determining respective physical parameters for a plurality of nonresonant elements positionable in a spatial arrangement to provide the electromagnetic function as an effective medium response of the nonresonant elements over a broadband frequency range. - View Dependent Claims (94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103)
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104. A method, comprising:
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selecting an electromagnetic function; identifying a pattern of electromagnetic medium parameters suitable to provide the electromagnetic function; and determining respective physical parameters for a plurality of nonresonant elements positionable in a spatial arrangement to provide a pattern of effective electromagnetic medium parameters that substantially corresponds to the selected pattern of electromagnetic medium parameters for a broadband frequency range. - View Dependent Claims (105, 106, 107, 108)
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109. A method, comprising:
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selecting a pattern of electromagnetic medium parameters for a broadband frequency range; and for a plurality of adjustable nonresonant elements having respective adjustable physical parameters and positioned in a spatial arrangement, determining respective values of the respective adjustable physical parameters to provide a pattern of effective electromagnetic medium parameters that substantially corresponds to the selected pattern of electromagnetic medium parameters. - View Dependent Claims (110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115)
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116. A method, comprising:
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selecting an electromagnetic function; and for a plurality of adjustable nonresonant elements having respective adjustable physical parameters and positioned in a spatial arrangement, determining respective values of the respective adjustable physical parameters to provide the electromagnetic function as an effective medium response of the nonresonant elements over a broadband frequency range.
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117. A method, comprising:
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selecting an electromagnetic function; identifying a pattern of electromagnetic medium parameters suitable to provide the electromagnetic function; and for a plurality of adjustable nonresonant elements having respective adjustable physical parameters and positioned in a spatial arrangement, determining respective values of the respective adjustable physical parameters to provide a pattern of effective electromagnetic medium parameters that substantially corresponds to the selected pattern of electromagnetic medium parameters.
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Specification