Device for actively removing a target cell from blood or lymph of a vertebrate subject

• US 20100228234A1
• Filed: 03/05/2010
• Published: 09/09/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 02/25/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Gearbox LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Original Assignee: Searete LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Inventors: Ishikawa, Muriel Y., Myhrvold, Nathan P., Langer, Robert, Jung, Edward K.Y., Wood, Lowell L. JR., Hyde, Roderick A., Sweeney, Elizabeth A., Leuthardt, Eric C.
• Granted Patent: US 8,167,871 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 604/891.100
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/18 by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves radiation therapy A61N5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14503 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter or needle or using implanted sensors A61B5/1459, A61B5/1464, A61B5/1473, A61B5/1482, A61B5/14865 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/82 Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents stent-grafts for tubular structures of the body other than blood vessels A61F2/04; stent-grafts for blood vessels A61F2/07; instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts A61F2/95; for closing wounds, or holding wounds closed A61B17/04 - A61B17/115; dilators A61M29/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362 changing physical properties of target cells by binding them to added particles to facilitate their subsequent separation from other cells, e.g. immunoaffinity
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3679 by absorption A61M1/3675 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3681 by irradiation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3683 using photoactive agents
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0405 Lymph
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/04 implanted
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/00 Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests vaccination appliances for veterinary use A61D1/025 ; tube connectors, tube couplings, valves or branch units specially adapted for medical use A61M39/00; containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes A61J1/00; combinations of vial and syringe for mixing or transferring their contents A61J1/20; holders for containers for collecting, storing or administering blood or medical fluids A61J1/16
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/007 for contrast media
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14276 specially adapted for implantation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/02 using microwaves
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/0601 Apparatus for use inside the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/062 Photodynamic therapy, i.e. excitation of an agent
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 7/00 Ultrasound therapy lithotripsy A61B17/22, A61B17/225; massage using supersonic vibration A61H23/00 ; using ultrasound for introducing media into the body A61M37/0092
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 33/06 Antimalarials
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 35/00 Antineoplastic agents
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 35/04 specific for metastasis

Abstract

Devices, systems, and methods are described herein for controlling the level of one or more target cell types in the blood fluid and/or lymph fluid of a vertebrate subject. Devices and systems are provided that include a body defining at least one lumen configured for fluid flow; at least one controllable flow barrier to the at least one lumen; one or more sensor configured to detect one or more target cell types in blood fluid or lymph fluid of a vertebrate subject; at least one treatment region disposed within the at least one lumen; at least one reactive component disposed in the at least one treatment region, the at least one reactive component configured to modulate a physiological effect of the one or more target cell types in the vertebrate subject; and at least one controller in communication with the one or more sensor and in communication with the at least one controllable flow barrier to the at least one lumen; wherein the at least one controller is configured to open or close the at least one controllable flow barrier in response to the one or more sensor.

Claims

1. An implantable device comprising:

a body defining at least one lumen configured for fluid flow;

at least one controllable flow barrier to the at least one lumen;

one or more sensor configured to detect one or more target cell types in blood fluid or lymph fluid of a vertebrate subject;

at least one treatment region disposed within the at least one lumen;

at least one reactive component disposed in the at least one treatment region, the at least one reactive component configured to modulate a physiological effect of the one or more target cell types in the vertebrate subject; and

at least one controller in communication with the one or more sensor and in communication with the at least one controllable flow barrier to the at least one lumen;

wherein the at least one controller is configured to open or close the at least one controllable flow barrier in response to the one or more sensor.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one treatment region including the one or more reactive components is configured to receive the one or more target cell types, and the one or more reactive components are configured to bind to the one or more target cell types at a surface of the treatment region.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more reactive components include one or more of a cell-disrupting agent, a binding agent, or an energy source.

4. The device of claim 3, wherein the cell-disrupting agent includes a denaturing agent or a degradative agent.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more reactive components include a cytotoxic agent, a cytostatic agent, a programmed cell death-inducing agent, a chemotherapeutic agent, or an antibody-toxin agent.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more reactive components is configured to alter, arrest, or destroy the one or more target cell types.

7. The device of claim 6, wherein the one or more reactive components is configured to produce necrosis or programmed cell death in the one or more target cell types.

8. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one treatment region is configured to be placed relative to a tumor or an organ in the vertebrate subject.

9. The device of claim 3, wherein the binding agents include one or more of an adhesion molecule, antibody, binding mimetic, polymer, lectin, integrin, or selectin.

10. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one lumen is configured for fluid flow including the one or more target cell types.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more sensor is configured to detect the one or more target cell types within the at least one lumen.

12. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more sensor is configured to detect the one or more target cell types in the at least one treatment region.

13. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more sensor is configured to detect the one or more target cell types after the one or more target cell types has passed through the at least one lumen or the at least one treatment region.

14. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one controller is configured to return flow from the at least one lumen to a blood vessel or a lymph vessel.

15. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one lumen is configured for extended residence time of the blood fluid or the lymph fluid.

16. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more sensor is external to the at least one lumen.

17. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more sensor is internal to the at least one lumen.

18. The device of claim 1, further including a transmitter to report to the one or more sensor.

19. The device of claim 1, wherein the sensor is configured to report to an outside source or to a computing device.

20. The device of claim 1, wherein the fluid includes blood or lymph.

21. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one controller includes a processor.

22. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one controller is further configured to control interaction between the one or more reactive components and the one or more target cell types.

23. The device of claim 22, further including one or more reservoirs responsive to the controller, wherein the one or more reservoirs is configured to provide the one or more reactive components, and the one or more reservoirs is configured to function in, or proximal to, one or more of a blood vessel or a lymph vessel of the vertebrate subject.

24. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more sensor is configured to function in, or proximal to, one or more of a blood vessel or a lymph vessel of the vertebrate subject.

25. The device of claim 3, wherein the binding agents include one or more of antibodies, receptors, or cognates configured to bind to at least one of the one or more target cell types.

28. The device of claim 1, further including two or more parallel lumens configured to receive the one or more target cell types.

29. The device of claim 28, wherein a diameter of each of the two or more lumens is approximately less than two cell diameters.

32. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one controller is configured to open or close the at least one controllable flow barrier in response to the one or more sensor to achieve a target level of the one or more target cell types in the vertebrate subject.

33. The device of claim 32, wherein the target level includes a desired concentration of the one or more target cell types in the one or more of the blood fluid or lymph fluid.

34. The device of claim 32, wherein the target level includes a desired range of concentrations of the one or more target cell types in the one or more of the blood fluid or lymph fluid.

35. The device of claim 32, wherein the target level includes a desired ratio of concentrations of two or more target cell types in the one or more of the blood fluid or lymph fluid.

36. The device of claim 32, wherein the target level includes a desired ratio of levels of two or more target cell types in the one or more of the blood fluid or lymph fluid.

37. The device of claim 32, wherein the one or more sensor and the at least one controller are configured to control levels of the detected one or more target cell types to limit a deviation from the target level.

38. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control release of the one or more reactive components.

39. The device of claim 37, wherein the deviation is determined by a weighted least squares fit.

40. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more sensor includes a biosensor, chemical sensor, physical sensor, or optical sensor.

41. The device of claim 40, wherein the one or more sensor includes one or more of target recognition elements.

45. The device of claim 1, wherein the sensor is configured to target the device to a site having an elevated level of the target cell types.

46. The device of claim 1, wherein the sensor is configured to report to an outside source or to a computing device, and wherein the sensor is configured to report a level of the one or more target cell types.

52. The device of claim 2, wherein the at least one treatment region includes a matrix configured to present the one or more reactive components.

53. The device of claim 3, wherein the binding agents include one or more target recognition elements.

56. The device of claim 3, wherein the binding agent includes one or more of a specific binding ligand or a hydrophobic surface.

60. The device of claim 3, wherein the energy source includes acoustic energy or electronic energy.

61. The device of claim 60, wherein the energy source includes ultrasound.

69. The device of claim 1, wherein the treatment region includes a source for producing the one or more reactive components.

70. The device of claim 1, wherein the treatment region includes one or more reservoirs including the one or more reactive components.

71. The device of claim 69, wherein the source includes at least one reservoir and at least one producer.

72. The device of claim 69, wherein the source includes at least one encapsulated cell.

73. The device of claim 72, wherein the at least one encapsulated cell produces the one or more reactive components.

74. The device of claim 72, wherein the at least one encapsulated cell includes at least one genetically-engineered cell.

81. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more target cell types is one or more of circulating cells or circulating emboli.

83. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is intracorporeal.

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