Droplet Actuators, Systems and Methods

• US 20100236929A1
• Filed: 10/16/2008
• Published: 09/23/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 10/18/2007
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Duke University, Advanced Liquid Logic, Inc. (Illumina Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Duke University, Advanced Liquid Logic, Inc. (Illumina Incorporated)
• Inventors: Xu, Tao, Chakrabarty, Krishnendu, Pamula, Vamsee K., Srinivasan, Vijay, Pollack, Michael G.
• Application Number:
  US12/681,862
• Publication Number:
  US 20100236929A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 204/450
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2200/0673 Handling of plugs of fluid surrounded by immiscible fluid
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0645 Electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0816 Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/089 Virtual walls for guiding liquids
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/161 Control and use of surface tension forces, e.g. hydrophobic, hydrophilic
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0427 Electrowetting
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/50273 characterised by the means or forces applied to move the fluids micropumps F04B19/006, of the membrane type F04B43/043

Abstract

A droplet actuator with arrays of electrodes electrically coupled to a number of controllable voltage sources that is less than the number of electrodes. A method of defining partitions for pin layouts in a droplet actuator for a specific assay, the method including: defining droplet traces for the assay; and defining a guard ring along the traces. Other methods, systems, droplet actuators, and algorithms are also provided.

Claims

1-88. -88. (canceled)

89. A method of defining partitions for pin layouts in a droplet actuator for a specific assay, the method comprising:

(a) defining droplet traces for the assay; and

(b) defining a guard ring along the traces.

90. The method of claim 89 further comprising:

(a) identifying droplet time spans for each partition; and

(b) merging partitions that have no overlapping time spans.

91. The method of claim 89 further comprising:

(a) identifying intersecting droplet traces;

(b) creating an overlapping partition comprising intersecting electrodes; and

(c) directly addressing the intersecting electrodes.

92. The method of claim 89 further comprising:

(a) identifying mixer regions and/or splitter regions; and

(b) assigning overlapping partitions to the mixer regions and/or splitter regions.

93. The method of claim 89 further comprising mapping pins to control electrodes based on the Connect-5 algorithm.

94. The method of claim 89 further comprising mapping pins to control electrodes comprising assigning distinct pins to any five adjacent unit cells.

95. The method of claim 89 further comprising mapping pins to control electrodes comprising placing Bagua structures next to each other until partition boundaries are reached and a Bagua repetition is derived.

96. A droplet actuator configured according to the method of claim 89.

97. A method of conducting an assay comprising conducting the assay on a droplet actuator configured according to the method of claim 89.

98. A method of conducting an assay comprising conducting the assay on a droplet actuator configured according to the method of claim 89 wherein the time required to conduct the assay is approximately the same as the time required to conduct the assay using independently addressed electrodes.

99. A method for performing one or more droplet operations using an electrical field generated by a droplet actuator having a plurality of control pins used to electrically actuate a plurality of electrodes configured to communicate the electrical field to the droplet, the method comprising:

(a) receiving a plurality of respective activation sequences for each electrode of the plurality electrodes;

(b) identifying a compatible activation sequence that is compatible with the plurality of respective activation sequences by logically manipulating a signal value used to determine a status of an electrode at a given time-step of the respective activation sequence of the electrode;

(c) communicating the compatible activation sequence to the plurality of electrodes using a common control pin of the plurality of control pins; and

(d) performing one or more droplet operations according to the compatible activation sequence.

100. A droplet actuator for performing one or more droplet operations using an electrical field, the method comprising:

(a) a plurality of electrodes configured to communicate the electrical field to the droplet;

(b) a plurality of control pins used to electrically actuate the plurality of electrodes; and

(c) a processor in communication with both the plurality of electrodes and control pins and configured to receive a plurality of respective activation sequences for each electrode of a plurality electrodes, to automatically identify based on the received activation sequences a compatible activation sequence that is compatible with the plurality of respective activation sequences, to communicate the compatible activation sequence to the plurality of electrodes using a common control pin of a plurality of control pins, and to perform droplet operations according to the compatible activation sequence.

101-114. -114. (canceled)

115. A method of performing one or more droplet operations using an electrical field generated by a droplet actuator having rows and columns corresponding to electrodes configured to communicate the electrical field to the droplet, the method comprising:

(a) logically grouping a plurality of droplets into first and second groups; and

(b) concurrently moving a plurality of droplets of the first group, while a droplet of the second group is stationary.

116-131. -131. (canceled)

132. A droplet actuator for performing one or more droplet operations using an electrical field, comprising:

(a) a plurality of electrodes arranged in rows and columns and configured to communicate the electrical field to the droplet; and

(b) a processor in communication with the plurality of electrodes and configured to logically group a plurality of droplets into first and second groups, and to concurrently initiate movement of a plurality of droplets in the first group, while a droplet of a second group is stationary.

133-148. -148. (canceled)