Assessment of Electrode Coupling for Tissue Ablation

• US 20100241117A1
• Filed: 12/06/2006
• Published: 09/23/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 12/06/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: St. Jude Medical (Abbott Laboratories Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: St. Jude Medical (Abbott Laboratories Incorporated)
• Inventors: Paul, Saurav, Cao, Hong, Belhe, Kedar Ravindra, Thao, Chou
• Granted Patent: US 9,283,025 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 606/41
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1206 Generators therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1492 having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation A61B18/1477 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00303 active, e.g. with a motor creating vibrations
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00357 Endocardium
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00577 Ablation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00642 with feedback, i.e. closed loop control
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00666 using a threshold value
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00702 Power or energy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/0075 Phase
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00755 Resistance or impedance
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00869 Phase
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00875 Resistance or impedance
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/064 for measuring force, pressure or mechanical tension
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/065 for measuring contact or contact pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/053 Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body

Abstract

An electrode catheter and a method for assessing electrode-tissue contact and coupling are disclosed. An exemplary electrode catheter comprises an electrode adapted to apply electrical energy. A measurement circuit is adapted to measure impedance between the electrode and ground as the electrode approaches a target tissue. A processor determines a contact and coupling condition for the target tissue based at least in part on reactance of the impedance measured by the measurement circuit. In another exemplary embodiment, the electrode catheter determines the contact and coupling condition based at least in part on a phase angle of the impedance.

Claims

1. A medical system comprising

a first electrode;

an electrical power source at least interconnectable with said first electrode; and

a phase angle comparator configured to assess coupling between said first electrode and tissue by a comparison of phase angle values.

2. The medical system of claim 1, wherein said coupling is selected from the group consisting of mechanical coupling and electrical coupling.

3. The medical system of claim 1, further comprising a first data structure, that in turn comprises at least one phase angle benchmark value, wherein said phase angle comparator interacts with said first data structure.

4. The medical system of claim 3, wherein said at least one phase angle benchmark value corresponds with an elevated coupling condition.

5. The medical system of claim 1, further comprising a data structure, that in turn comprises a first range, a second range, and a third range, wherein said first range comprises phase angles associated with an insufficient coupling condition, wherein said second range comprises phase angles associated with a sufficient coupling condition, wherein said third range comprises phase angles associated with an elevated coupling condition, and wherein said phase angle comparator interacts with said first data structure.

6. The medical system of claim 1, further comprising a return electrode, wherein one of said phase angles values is a phase angle between current being provided to said first electrode and a voltage between said first electrode and said return electrode.

7. The medical system of claim 1, further comprising a return electrode, wherein said first and return electrodes are associated with different catheters.

8. The medical system of claim 7, wherein each of said first and return electrodes are disposable in a common heart chamber.

9. A medical system comprising

a first electrode;

an electrical power source at least interconnectable with said first electrode; and

a reactance comparator configured to assess coupling between said first electrode and tissue by a comparison of reactance values.

10. The medical system of claim 9, wherein said coupling is selected from the group consisting of mechanical coupling and electrical coupling.

11. The medical system of claim 9, further comprising a first data structure, that in turn comprises at least one reactance benchmark value, wherein said reactance comparator interacts with said first data structure.

12. The medical system of claim 11, wherein said at least reactance benchmark value corresponds with an elevated coupling condition.

13. The medical system of claim 9, further comprising a data structure, that in turn comprises a first range, a second range, and a third range, wherein said first range comprises reactances associated with an insufficient coupling condition, wherein said second range comprises reactances associated with a sufficient coupling condition, wherein said third range comprises reactances associated with an elevated coupling condition, and wherein said reactance comparator interacts with said first data structure.

14. The medical system of claim 9, wherein said reactance comparator utilizes reactance values from a single, common frequency.

15. The medical system of claim 9, further comprising a return electrode, wherein said first and return electrodes are associated with different catheters.

16. The medical system of claim 15, wherein each of said first and return electrodes are disposable in a common heart chamber.

17. A medical system comprising

an electrode;

an electrical power source at least interconnectable with said electrode; and

an impedance components ratio comparator configured to assess coupling between said electrode and a tissue by comparing a ratio of two components of an impedance to at least one benchmark value of an impedance components ratio.