LONG RANGE LOW FREQUENCY RESONATOR

• US 20100253152A1
• Filed: 03/04/2010
• Published: 10/07/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 07/12/2005
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Karalis, Aristeidis, Soljacic, Marin, Moffatt, Robert, Kurs, Andre B., Joannopoulos, John D., Fisher, Peter H.
• Application Number:
  US12/717,559
• Publication Number:
  US 20100253152A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 307/104
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/20 AC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 7/00 Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/04 Resonant antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/4902 Electromagnet, transformer or inductor

Abstract

Described herein are embodiments of a wireless power transmitter system for transmitting power to at least one high-Q resonator that includes a connection to a source of line power, a modulating part, which converts said line power to create a first frequency of lower than 1 MHz, and a transmitter part, including a transmitting high-Q resonator formed of a conductive loop with a capacitor that brings said high-Q resonator to resonance at said first frequency, and which produces a magnetic field based on said source of line power, said transmitter part having a Q factor at said frequency, where said Q factor is at least 300.

Claims

1. A wireless power transmitter system for transmitting power to at least one high-Q resonator, comprising:

a connection to a source of line power;

a modulating part, which converts said line power to create a first frequency of lower than 1 MHz; and

a transmitter part, including a transmitting high-Q resonator formed of a conductive loop with a capacitor that brings said high-Q resonator to resonance at said first frequency, and which produces a magnetic field based on said source of line power, said transmitter part having a Q factor at said frequency, where said Q factor is at least 300.

2. A system as in claim 1, wherein said Q factor is at least 1000.

3. A system as in claim 1, wherein said transmitting high-Q resonator uses stranded wire for said conductive loop formed of multiple strands which each carry current but are insulated from one another.

4. A system as in claim 1, wherein said transmitting high-Q resonator uses material inside said conductive loop.

5. A system as in claim 4, wherein said material is formed of a magnetic material.

6. A system as in claim 5, wherein said conductive loop is formed of a stranded wire material formed of multiple strands which each carry current but are insulated from each other.

7. A system as in claim 6, wherein said stranded wire material is Litz wire.

8. A system as in claim 1, further comprising at least one resonator, tuned to repeat a magnetic field produced by said transmitter.

9. A system as in claim 1, wherein said first frequency is lower than 500 kHz.

10. A system as in claim 1, further comprising a receiver that has a high-Q resonator formed of a coil loop and a capacitor which makes a resonant circuit at said first frequency that has magnetic energy induced therein by said transmitter, and which produces output power.

11. A system as in claim 10, wherein said high-Q resonator in said receiver uses stranded wire in said coil loop formed of multiple strands which each carry current but are each insulated from one another.

12. A system as in claim 10, wherein said high-Q resonator in said receiver uses magnetic material in said coil loop.

24. A system as in claim 10, wherein said high-Q resonator in said receiver uses magnetic material in said coil loop.

46. A system as in claim 6, wherein said stranded wire material is Litz wire.

47. A system as in claim 1, further comprising at least one resonator, tuned to repeat a magnetic field produced by said transmitter.

13. A wireless power receiver system for receiving power from at least one high-Q resonator, comprising:

a receiver part, including a receiving high-Q resonator formed of a conductive loop with a capacitor that brings said high-Q resonator to resonance at a first frequency, and which receives a magnetic field and produces an output that is based on the magnetic field, said first frequency being lower than 1 MHz; and

a circuit, which couples to said output to produce a power output.

14. A system as in claim 13, wherein a Q factor of said receiver part is at least 300.

15. A system as in claim 13, wherein said receiving high-Q resonator uses stranded wire for said conductive loop formed of multiple strands which each carry current but are insulated from one another.

16. A system as in claim 13, wherein said receiving high-Q resonator uses material inside said conductive loop.

17. A system as in claim 16, wherein said material is formed of a magnetic material.

18. A system as in claim 17, wherein said conductive loop is formed of a stranded wire material formed of multiple strands which each carry current but are insulated from each other.

19. A system as in claim 18, wherein said stranded wire material is Litz wire.

20. A system as in claim 13, further comprising at least one resonator, tuned to repeat a magnetic field at said first frequency.

21. A system as in claim 13, wherein said first frequency is lower than 500 kHz.

22. A system as in claim 13, further comprising a transmitter that has a high-Q resonator formed of a coil loop and a capacitor which makes a resonant circuit at said first frequency that has magnetic energy produced therein by a source of line power.

23. A system as in claim 22, wherein said high-Q resonator in said receiver uses stranded wire in said coil loop.

25. A method of transmitting power to at least one high-Q resonator, comprising:

using electrical power to create a signal having a first frequency of lower than 1 MHz;

using a high-Q resonator which is self-resonant at said first frequency to transmit said signal; and

using a second resonator a-that is activated by the transmitter to repeat said signal at said first frequency.

26. A method as in claim 25, wherein said high-Q resonator includes an inductive loop, and a capacitor that brings the high-Q resonator to resonance at said first frequency.

27. A method as in claim 26, wherein said high-Q resonator is formed of stranded wire formed of multiple strands which each carry current but are each insulated from one another.

28. A method as in claim 26, wherein said inductive loop includes a magnetic material.

29. A method as in claim 25, wherein said second resonator is formed of stranded wire.

30. A method as in claim 25, wherein said second resonator includes a magnetic material.

31. A wireless power transmitter system for transmitting power to at least one high-Q resonator, comprising:

a connection to a source of line power;

a modulating part, which converts said line power to create a first frequency;

a transmitter part, including a transmitting high-Q resonator formed of a conductive loop with a capacitor that brings said high-Q resonator to resonance at said first frequency, and which produces a magnetic field based on said source of line power, said transmitter part having a Q factor at said frequency; and

at least a second resonator having no source of power connected to said second resonator, tuned to repeat a magnetic field produced by said transmitter.

32. A system as in claim 31, wherein said Q factor is at least 1000.

33. A system as in claim 31, wherein said transmitting high-Q resonator uses stranded wire for said conductive loop formed of multiple strands which each carry current but are each insulated from one another.

34. A system as in claim 31, wherein said transmitting high-Q resonator uses a magnetic material inside said conductive loop.

35. A system as in claim 31, wherein said first frequency is lower than 1 MHz.

36. A system as in claim 31, further comprising a receiver that has a high-Q resonator formed of a coil loop and a capacitor which makes a resonant circuit at said first frequency, where said high-Q resonator has magnetic energy induced therein by said transmitter, and where said receiver produces output power.

37. A system as in claim 36, wherein said high-Q resonator in said receiver uses stranded wire in said coil loop formed of multiple strands which each carry current but are each insulated from one another.

38. A system as in claim 36, wherein said high-Q resonator in said receiver uses magnetic material in said coil loop.

39. A wireless power receiver system for receiving power from at least one high-Q resonator, comprising:

a receiver part, including a receiving high-Q resonator formed of a conductive loop with a capacitor that brings said high-Q resonator to resonance at a first frequency, and which receives a magnetic field,

at least one additional resonator having no source of power connected to said additional resonator, tuned to repeat a magnetic field received by a transmitter; and

a power output, which outputs power received by said receiver part.

40. A system as in claim 39, wherein said receiving high-Q resonator uses stranded wire for said conductive loop formed of multiple strands which each carry current but are each insulated from one another.

41. A system as in claim 39, wherein said receiving high-Q resonator uses a magnetic material inside said conductive loop.

42. A system as in claim 39, wherein said first frequency is lower than 1 MHz.

43. A wireless power transmitter system for transmitting power to at least one high-Q resonator, comprising:

a connection to a source of line power;

a modulating part, which converts said line power to create a first frequency of lower than 1 MHz; and

a transmitter part, including a transmitting high-Q resonator formed of a conductive loop wound around a magnetic material, with a capacitor that brings said high-Q resonator to resonance at said first frequency, and which produces a magnetic field based on said source of line power.

44. A system as in claim 43, wherein said transmitting high-Q resonator has a Q factor which is at least 300.

45. A system as in claim 43, wherein said transmitting high-Q resonator uses stranded wire for said conductive loop formed of multiple strands which each carry current but are each insulated from one another.

48. A wireless power receiver system for receiving power from at least one high-Q resonator, comprising:

a receiver part, including a receiving high-Q resonator formed of a conductive loop wound around magnetic material, with a capacitor that brings said high-Q resonator to resonance at a first frequency, and which receives a magnetic field,

a power circuit which converts said magnetic field into electrical power, and which outputs power received by said receiver part.

49. A system as in claim 48, wherein said receiving high-Q resonator uses stranded wire for said conductive loop formed of multiple strands which each carry current but are each insulated from one another.

50. A system as in claim 48, wherein said first frequency is lower than 1 MHz.

51. A system as in claim 48, wherein said first frequency is lower than 500 kHz.

52. A method of transmitting power to at least one high-Q resonator, comprising:

using electrical power to create a signal having a first frequency;

using a high-Q resonator which is resonant at said first frequency to transmit said signal; and

using an additional resonator that is activated by the transmitter to repeat said signal at said first frequency.

53. A method as in claim 52, wherein said high-Q resonator which is resonant at a first frequency includes an inductive loop, and a capacitor that brings the high-Q resonator to resonance at said first frequency.

54. A method as in claim 53, wherein said high-Q resonator is formed of stranded wire formed of multiple strands which each carry current but are each insulated from one another.

55. A method as in claim 53, wherein said inductive loop includes a magnetic material.

56. A method as in claim 52, wherein said additional resonator is formed of stranded wire.

57. A method as in claim 52, wherein said additional resonator includes a magnetic material.