Armor Plate

• US 20100257997A1
• Filed: 04/10/2009
• Published: 10/14/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 04/10/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Teledyne Nova Sensors, Inc., The Government Of The United States As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy
• Original Assignee: Nova Research, Inc. (Teledyne Technologies Incorporated)
• Inventors: Kucherov, Yan R, Hubler, Graham K
• Granted Patent: US 8,176,831 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 89/36.20
• CPC Class Codes: F41H 5/0421 Ceramic layers in combination with metal layers
• CPC Class Codes: F41H 5/0428 Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
• CPC Class Codes: F41H 5/045 all the layers being metal layers
• CPC Class Codes: F41H 5/0457 Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics

Abstract

An armor plate transforms projectile energy into solid-state lattice waves and facilitates absorption of these waves at different wavelengths. For high frequency lattice waves, dopants are used for absorbing the lattice waves and converting them to thermal energy. Heavy dopants and layered materials can also be use for reflecting lattice waves to facilitate attenuation through absorption. A spreading layer can also be used for dispersing non-absorbed lattice waves.

Claims

1. An armor plate comprising:

a transformation layer comprised of a material having a tensile strength in a range between about 50 MPa to about 500 MPA and a deformation before failure of at least 20%; and

an absorption layer disposed adjacent to the transformation layer such that when the transformation layer is struck by a projectile, lattice waves generated within the transformation layer can propagate into the absorption layer, the absorption layer being comprised of a base material having a first dopant dispersed therein, the base material being comprised of a metal or a ceramic.

2. The armor plate as recited in claim 1, wherein the combined transformation layer and absorption layer having a maximum thickness in a range between about 2 mm and about 15 mm.

3. The armor plate as recited in claim 1, wherein the absorption layer is secured to the transformation layer.

4. The armor plate as recited in claim 1, wherein the material for the transformation layer is comprised of titanium, steel, aluminum or an alloy thereof.

5. The armor plate as recited in claim 1, wherein the material for the transformation layer is comprised of polycarbonate or a high molecular weight polyethylene.

6. The armor plate as recited in claim 1, wherein the transformation layer is free of any dopants.

7. The armor plate as recited in claim 1, wherein the absorption layer is comprised of a ceramic selected from the group consisting of Al₂O₃, B₄C, TiB₂, SiC, ZrO₂ silicates, or cordierites.

8. The armor plate as recited in claim 1, wherein the absorption layer is comprised of titanium, steel, aluminum or an alloy thereof.

9. The armor plate as recited in claim 1, wherein the first dopant comprises Zr, Mo, Dy, Yb, W, Ta, Th, U or TiZrO₄.

10. The armor plate as recited in claim 1, wherein the first dopant comprises Ti, Cr, MN, Fe, or Co.

11. The armor plate as recited in claim 1, wherein the absorption layer is more brittle than the transformation layer.

12. The armor plate as recited in claim 1, wherein the absorption layer is secured to the transformation layer by an adhesive.

13. The armor plate as recited in claim 1, further comprising an outer layer comprised of a fabric woven from fibers.

14. The armor plate as recited in claim 13, wherein the fibers comprise aramide fibers or high molecular weight polyethylene fibers.

15. The armor plate as recited in claim 1, further comprising a spreading layer secured to the absorption layer, the spreading layer being comprised of a material capable of propagating sound at a speed of at least 6 km/s.

16. The armor plate as recited in claim 15, wherein the spreading layer is comprised of high molecular weight polyethylene, sapphire, quartz, spinels, boron, Mg, or Al.

17. A body armor comprising:

an outer shell comprised of a fabric woven from fibers; and

an armor plate as recited in claim 1 secured to the outer shell.

18. The body armor as recited in claim 17, wherein the outer shell is in the form of a vest, jacket or pants.

19. The body armor as recited in claim 17, wherein the fibers comprise aramide fibers or high molecular weight polyethylene fibers.

20. The body armor as recited in claim 17, further comprising:

wherein the transformation layer is comprised of titanium, steel, or an alloy thereof;

wherein the base material for the absorption layer is comprised of a ceramic selected from the group consisting of Al₂O₃, B₄C, TiB₂, SiC, ZrO₂ silicates, or cordierites; and

wherein the first dopant comprises Zr, Mo, Dy, Yb, W, Ta, Th, U or TiZrO₄.

21. An armor plate comprising:

a transformation layer comprised of a material having a tensile strength in a range between about 50 MPa to about 500 MPA and a deformation before failure of at least 20%; and

an absorption layer disposed adjacent to the transformation layer such that when the transformation layer is struck by a projectile, lattice waves generated within the transformation layer can propagate into the absorption layer, the absorption layer being comprised of a plurality of sublayers having a maximum thickness of less than 100 μ

m.

22. The armor plate as recited in claim 21, wherein the combined transformation layer and absorption layer having a maximum thickness in a range between about 2 mm and about 15 mm.

23. The armor plate as recited in claim 21, wherein the absorption layer is comprised of pyrolytic graphite, tin sulfide, selenium, mica, a max phase material or a layered silicate.

24. The armor plate as recited in claim 21, further comprising a first dopant dispersed in the absorption layer.

25. The armor plate as recited in claim 24, wherein the first dopant comprises Zr, Mo, Dy, Yb, W, Ta, Th, U or TiZrO₄.

26. The armor plate as recited in claim 24, wherein the first dopant comprises Ti, Cr, MN, Fe, or Co.

27. The armor plate as recited in claim 21, wherein the absorption layer is more brittle than the transformation layer.

28. The armor plate as recited in claim 21, wherein the absorption layer is secured to the transformation layer by an adhesive.

29. The armor plate as recited in claim 21, wherein the material for the transformation layer is comprised of titanium, steel, aluminum or an alloy thereof.

30. The armor plate as recited in claim 21, wherein the material for the transformation layer is comprised of polycarbonate or a high molecular weight polyethylene.

31. The armor plate as recited in claim 21, further comprising an outer layer comprised of a fabric woven from fibers.

32. The armor plate as recited in claim 21, further comprising a spreading layer secured to the absorption layer, the spreading layer being comprised of a material capable of propagating sound at a speed of at least 6 km/s.

33. The armor plate as recited in claim 32, wherein the spreading layer is comprised of high molecular weight polyethylene, sapphire, quartz, spinels, Mg, or Al.

34. Body armor comprising:

an outer shell comprised of a fabric woven from fibers; and

an armor plate as recited in claim 21 secured to the outer shell.

35. The body armor as recited in claim 34, wherein the outer shell is in the form of a vest, jacket or pants.