BATTERY MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM AND METHOD OF USE

• US 20100259221A1
• Filed: 04/09/2009
• Published: 10/14/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 04/09/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Original Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Inventors: Tabatowski-Bush, Ben A.
• Granted Patent: US 8,089,248 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 320/134
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/547 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/549 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0046 relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/12 responding to state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/18 of two or more battery modules
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/21 having the same nominal voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/22 Balancing the charge of battery modules
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/4207 for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/441 for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0014 Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0047 with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2209/30 using a wired architecture
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 9/00 Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

A battery monitoring and control system and method of monitoring and controlling provides a redundant and independent symmetric secondary serial bus in addition to a primary serial bus within a battery monitoring and control system that includes a plurality of battery monitoring modules and associated IC battery monitor chips in serial communication with a system controller. Additionally, no two serial communication pins from an interface in operative communication with an associated one of a primary or a secondary serial bus are directly adjacent thereby allowing for continuous battery operation when a single pin in a series of battery monitoring modules becomes non operational failed. Additionally, the battery system remains operational when an open or short circuit occurs in only one of either the primary or secondary serial bus.

Claims

1. A battery monitoring and control system comprising:

at least one battery cell operatively connected with at least one electronic device;

at least one battery monitor module, associated with each of the at least one battery cells, and having a primary communication interface and a redundant secondary communication interface;

a system controller in operative and in signal communication with each battery monitor module configured to monitor and gather data from the at least one battery chip, and to execute instructions to control charge balancing of the at least one battery cell;

primary and secondary communication links configured to independently electrically couple the at least one battery monitoring module to the system controller.

2. The battery monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the battery cell comprises:

a battery pack formed from one or more lithium ion cells, fuel cells, or electrochemical cell.

3. The battery monitoring and control system of claim 1, further comprising:

at least one battery monitor chip associated with the at least one battery monitor module.

4. The battery monitoring and control system of claim 1, comprising:

a plurality of battery monitor modules each associated with a respective one of the plurality of battery cells, wherein each of the plurality of battery monitor modules are electrically coupled in series in a daisy chain configuration with each other and with the system controller.

5. The battery monitoring and control system of claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of battery monitor modules bands voltage potentials between each of the plurality of battery monitor modules to regulate voltage across each of the plurality of battery monitor modules.

6. The battery monitoring and control system of claim 1, the electronic device comprises:

at least one electronic component within an electric, hybrid, hybrid electric or fuel cell vehicle.

7. The battery monitoring and control system of claim 1, further comprising:

a serial peripheral interface (SPI) serial communication link defining the primary communication link; and

a SPI defining the primary communication interface associated with the at least one battery monitor module.

8. The battery monitoring and control system of claim 7, further comprising:

at least four primary interface nodes associated with the SPI, wherein the primary interface nodes include a serial data out (SDO) node, a serial data in (SDI) node, a serial clock (SCLK) node, and a chip select (CS) node.

9. The battery monitoring and control system of claim 8, further comprising:

an UART serial communication link defining the secondary communication link; and

an UART interface defining the secondary communication interface associated with at least one battery monitor chip associated with the at least one battery monitor module.

10. The battery monitoring and control system of claim 9, further comprising:

at least two secondary interface nodes associated with the UART interface, wherein the secondary interface nodes includes

at least one transmit (TX) node and at least one receive (RX) node, wherein the four primary interface nodes are not adjacent to either of two secondary interface nodes.

11. The battery monitoring and control system of claim 10, wherein the at least one transmit node interface comprises:

a transmit high pin (TXH_n-1) adapted to couple with a receive node (RXL_n) associated with a next higher potential battery monitor chip in the serial daisy chain; and

a transmit low pin (TXL_n) associated with the next higher potential battery monitor chip adapted to couple with a receive node (RXH_n-1) associated with a previous lower potential battery monitor chip.

12. The battery monitoring and control system of claim 10, wherein the at least one receive node comprises:

a receive high pin (RXH_n-1) adapted to couple with the transmit node interface (TXL_n) associated with a next higher potential battery monitor chip; and

a receive low pin (RXL_n) associated with the next higher potential battery monitor chip adapted to couple with a transmit node interface (TXH_n-1) associated with a previous lower potential battery monitor chip.

13. The battery monitoring and control system of claim 10, wherein the UART interface, and the UART serial communication link are configured to provide redundant and symmetrical communications between each of the battery monitor modules and the system controller.

14. The battery monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising:

a plurality of serial peripheral interface (SPI) primary interface nodes associated with the SPI, wherein the primary interface nodes include a serial data out (SDO) node, a serial data in (SDI) node, a serial clock (SCLK) node, and a chip select (CS) node;

at least one SDO, SDI, SCLK, CS node; and

a plurality of UART secondary interface nodes including at least one transmit interface node and at least one receive interface node.

15. The battery monitoring and control system of claim 14, wherein the four SPI primary interface nodes are not adjacent to the two UART secondary interface nodes.

16. The battery monitoring and control system of claim 1, wherein the secondary communication interface is configured to perform symmetrical and redundant operations performed by the primary communication interface including operations that access on chip registers, start conversions, and read data associated with the battery monitor chip.

17. A battery monitoring method for monitoring and controlling a battery monitoring system including an electronic device and battery cells that operate to power the electronic device in operative electrical communication with a system controller and a plurality of associated battery monitoring modules comprising:

performing a self-test of the system to determine system functionality;

determining functionality of a primary serial communication link;

determining functionality of a redundant secondary serial communication link;

selecting a communication link from the primary or the secondary serial communication link to communicate between one or more battery monitor modules and a system controller;

providing notification to a user if system functionality is reduced; and

implementing a limited operation strategy (LOS) if the system functionality is reduced.

18. The battery monitoring and control method of claim 17 further comprising:

using the system controller to determine whether the primary serial communication link is operating with reduced functionality, whether the secondary serial communication link is operating with reduced functionality, whether to use the primary serial communication link or the secondary serial communication link, and to activate a user notification system that is adapted to provide a vehicle user with a notification that system functionality is reduced when the system functionality is reduced.

19. The battery monitoring and control method of claim 17, further comprising:

using the system controller to select an appropriate LOS by which to operate the system if system functionality is reduced;

20. The battery monitoring and control method of claim 17, further comprising:

communicating between each of the plurality battery monitor modules and system controller, wherein the system controller operates to initiate, transmit, receive, or terminate communication with one or more battery monitor modules; and

operating vehicle power systems, wherein the system controller operates to provide power from each respective battery cell to the electronic device.