Removing Carbon Dioxide From Waste Streams Through Co-Generation of Carbonate And/Or Bicarbonate Minerals
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Abstract
Apparatuses and methods for removing carbon dioxide and other pollutants from a gas stream are provided. The methods include obtaining hydroxide in an aqueous mixture, and mixing the hydroxide with the gas stream to produce carbonate and/or bicarbonate. Some of the apparatuses of the present invention comprise an electrolysis chamber for providing hydroxide and mixing equipment for mixing the hydroxide with a gas stream including carbon dioxide to form an admixture including carbonate and/or bicarbonate.
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Citations
167 Claims
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1-140. -140. (canceled)
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141. A method of sequestering carbon dioxide produced by a source and contained in a gas stream, comprising the steps of:
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(a) obtaining a hydroxide in an aqueous mixture; (b) admixing the hydroxide with carbon dioxide produced by the source to produce bicarbonate products or a combination of carbonate and bicarbonate products in an admixture; (c) separating said products from the admixture, thereby sequestering the carbon dioxide in a mineral product form; and (d) using said products to perform ion-exchanges with one or more group-1 or group-2 salts to precipitate carbonates; wherein obtaining the hydroxide comprises; obtaining a group-1 or group-2 salt; admixing the salt with acid and water, acid and steam, or acid, water, and steam to produce a protonated brine solution; and electrolyzing the protonated brine solution to produce a hydroxide; wherein step (b) comprises altering the product equilibrium to favor the production of bicarbonate products. - View Dependent Claims (142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163)
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164. A method of sequestering carbon dioxide produced by a source and contained in a gas stream, comprising the steps of:
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(a) obtaining a hydroxide in an aqueous mixture; (b) admixing the hydroxide with carbon dioxide produced by the source to produce bicarbonate products or a combination of carbonate and bicarbonate products in an admixture; and (c) separating said products from the admixture, thereby sequestering the carbon dioxide in a mineral product form; wherein obtaining the hydroxide comprises; obtaining a group-1 or group-2 salt; admixing the salt with acid and water, acid and steam, or acid, water, and steam to produce a protonated brine solution; and electrolyzing the protonated brine solution to produce a hydroxide using diaphragm, mercury, or membrane cells; wherein step (b) comprises altering the product equilibrium to favor the production of bicarbonate products.
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165. A method of sequestering carbon dioxide produced by a source and contained in a gas stream, comprising the steps of:
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(a) obtaining a hydroxide in an aqueous mixture; (b) admixing the hydroxide with carbon dioxide produced by the source to produce bicarbonate products or a combination of carbonate and bicarbonate products in an admixture; and (c) separating said products from the admixture, thereby sequestering the carbon dioxide in a mineral product form; wherein obtaining the hydroxide comprises; obtaining a group-1 or group-2 salt; admixing the salt with acid and water, acid and steam, or acid, water, and steam to produce a protonated brine solution; and electrolyzing the protonated brine solution to produce a hydroxide and hydrogen gas; wherein step (b) comprises altering the product equilibrium to favor the production of bicarbonate products; wherein the hydrogen gas is traded or sold.
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166. A method of sequestering carbon dioxide produced by a source and contained in a gas stream, comprising the steps of:
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(a) obtaining a hydroxide in an aqueous mixture; (b) admixing the hydroxide with carbon dioxide produced by the source to produce bicarbonate products or a combination of carbonate and bicarbonate products in an admixture; and (c) separating said products from the admixture, thereby sequestering the carbon dioxide in a mineral product form; wherein obtaining the hydroxide comprises; obtaining a group-1 or group-2 salt; admixing the salt with acid and water, acid and steam, or acid, water, and steam to produce a protonated brine solution; and electrolyzing the protonated brine solution to produce a hydroxide; wherein step (b) comprises altering the product equilibrium to favor the production of bicarbonate products; wherein a quantity of power is required to perform steps (a)-(c), and that power is produced by one or more non-greenhouse-gas emitting power sources. - View Dependent Claims (167)
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Specification