FIBER SIZING COMPRISING NANOPARTICLES

• US 20100260998A1
• Filed: 08/11/2009
• Published: 10/14/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 04/10/2009
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Applied NanoStructured Solutions, LLC (Cabot Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Inventors: Malecki, Harry C., Shah, Tushar K., Gallo, Christina, WAICUKAUSKI, James A., Ledford, Jordan T., Alberding, Mark R.
• Application Number:
  US12/539,578
• Publication Number:
  US 20100260998A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 428/300.100
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 40/00 Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 21/0632 with gallium, indium or thallium
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 32/162 characterised by catalysts
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 33/00 Silicon; Compounds thereof C01B6/00, C01B21/00, C01B23/00 take precedence; persilicates C01B15/14; carbides C01B32/956
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 33/12 Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/16 Nanowires or nanorods, i.e. solid nanofibres with two nearly equal dimensions between 1-100 nanometer
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/64 Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 25/47 containing particles, fibres or flakes, e.g. in a continuous phase
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 5/005 Reinforced macromolecular compounds with nanosized materials, e.g. nanoparticles, nanofibres, nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods or nanolayered materials
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 3/04 Carbon
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 3/08 Metals
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 1/00 Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 5/24 Electrically-conducting paints conductive materials H01B1/00
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/61 inorganic
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/65 macromolecular C09D7/41-C09D7/48 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/67 Particle size smaller than 100 nm
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/68 Particle size between 100-1000 nm
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/70 characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
• CPC Class Codes: D06M 11/74 with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
• CPC Class Codes: D06M 11/83 : with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
• CPC Class Codes: D06M 14/00 : Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to unshaped polymers C08F251/00 - C08F292/00
• CPC Class Codes: D06M 23/08 : Processes in which the treating agent is applied in powder or granular form adhesives for multi-layer textile fabrics D06M17/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249924 : Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249948 : Fiber is precoated
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2964 : Artificial fiber or filament

Abstract

A fiber sizing formulation includes (1) a nanoparticle (NP)solution that includes a dispersion of transition metal nanoparticles (NPs) in a solvent and (2) a first fiber sizing agent. The NPs disperse throughout the first fiber sizing agent after application of the fiber sizing formulation to a fiber and removal of the solvent. The NPs serve a function selected from a secondary sizing agent, a catalyst for further nanostructure growth on the fiber, and combinations thereof. A fiber includes a sizing disposed about the fiber. The sizing includes transition metal nanoparticles dispersed throughout the sizing. A method includes applying the sizing formulation to a fiber during manufacture of the fiber, and removing the solvent from the applied formulation. A method includes adding a solution of transition metal NPs to a sizing-coated fiber and baking, whereby the sizing solution of NPs is added before baking the sizing.

Claims

1. A fiber sizing formulation comprising (1) a nanoparticle (NP)solution comprising a dispersion of transition metal nanoparticles (NPs) in a solvent and (2) a first fiber sizing agent;

wherein the NPs disperse throughout the first fiber sizing agent after application of the fiber sizing formulation to a fiber and removal of the solvent; and

wherein the NPs serve a function selected from a secondary sizing agent, a catalyst for further nanostructure growth on the fiber, and combinations thereof.

2. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the NPs are present in a range between about x to about y weight percent of the formulation.

3. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the NPs range in size from between about 1 nm to about 800 nm.

4. The formulation of claim 3, wherein the NPs range in size from between about 5 nm to about 60 nm.

5. The formulation of claim 3, wherein the NPs range in size from between about 5 nm to about 30 nm.

6. The formulation of claim 3, wherein the NPs range in size from between about 0.05 nm to about 2 nm.

7. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the nanostructures are carbon nanotubes or nanowires/nanorods.

8. The formulation of claim 7, wherein the nanowires/nanorods are selected from the group consisting of SiC, CdS, B₄C, ZnO, Ni, Pt, Si, InP, GaN, SiO₂, and TiO₂.

9. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the NPs are electrically conductive.

10. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the NPs are thermally conductive.

11. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the transition metal NPs are selected from the group consisting of Ni, Fe, Co, Mo, Cu, Pt, Au, Ag, TiO₂, ZnO, MnO, SnO and mixtures thereof.

12. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the first fiber sizing agent comprises a silane-based material and, optionally, a pre-polymer to cross linking with a resin matrix.

13. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the first fiber sizing agent is present in a range between about 0.01 to about 5 weight percent of the formulation.

19. A method comprising applying the formulation of claim 1 to a fiber during manufacture of the fiber, and removing the solvent from the applied formulation.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising incorporating the fiber into a fiber tow.

21. The method of claim 19, further comprising incorporating the fiber into a matrix material to form a composite.

22. The method of claim 21, further comprising growing carbon nanotubes on the fiber prior to the step of incorporating the fiber into the matrix material to form the composite.

14. A fiber comprising a sizing disposed about the fiber, wherein the sizing comprises transition metal nanoparticles dispersed throughout the sizing.

15. The fiber of claim 14, wherein the fiber is incorporated into a fiber tow.

16. The fiber of claim 14, where in the fiber is incorporated into a composite comprising a matrix material.

17. The fiber of claim 16, wherein the matrix material is selected from the group consisting of epoxy, polyester, vinylester, polyetherimide, polyetherketoneketone, polyphthalamide, polyetherketone, polytheretherketone, polyimide, phenol-formaldehyde, and bismaleimide.

18. The fiber of claim 16, wherein the NPs are used to synthesize a nanostructure prior to incorporation into the composite.

23. A method comprising adding a solution of transition metal NPs to a sizing-coated fiber and baking the sizing, wherein the solution of NPs is added before baking the sizing.

24. The method of claim 23, further comprising incorporating the fiber into a matrix material to form a composite.

25. The method of claim 24, further comprising growing carbon nanotubes on the fiber prior to the step of incorporating the fiber into the matrix material to form the composite.