Liquefied Natural Gas and Hydrocarbon Gas Processing
First Claim
1. A process for the separation of liquefied natural gas containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components and a gas stream containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components into a volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane and a relatively less volatile liquid fraction containing a major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components wherein(a) said liquefied natural gas is heated sufficiently to vaporize it, thereby forming a vapor stream;
- (b) said vapor stream is expanded to lower pressure and is thereafter supplied to a distillation column at a first mid-column feed position;
(c) said gas stream is expanded to said lower pressure, is cooled, and is thereafter supplied to said distillation column at a second mid-column feed position;
(d) a distillation vapor stream is withdrawn from a region of said distillation column below said expanded vapor stream and said expanded cooled gas stream, whereupon said distillation vapor stream is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a first condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas;
(e) at least a portion of said first condensed stream is supplied to said distillation column at an upper mid-column feed position;
(f) an overhead distillation stream is withdrawn from an upper region of said distillation column and divided into at least a first portion and a second portion, whereupon said first portion is compressed to higher pressure;
(g) said compressed first portion is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a second condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas;
(h) said second condensed stream is divided into at least a volatile liquid stream and a reflux stream;
(i) said reflux stream is further cooled, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas;
(j) said further cooled reflux stream is supplied to said distillation column at a top column feed position;
(k) said volatile liquid stream is heated sufficiently to vaporize it, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream;
(l) said second portion is heated, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream;
(m) said vaporized volatile liquid stream and said heated second portion are combined to form said volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane; and
(n) the quantity and temperature of said reflux stream and the temperatures of said feeds to said distillation column are effective to maintain the overhead temperature of said distillation column at a temperature whereby the major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components is recovered in said relatively less volatile liquid fraction by fractionation in said distillation column.
1 Assignment
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A process for the recovery of heavier hydrocarbons from a liquefied natural gas (LNG) stream and a hydrocarbon gas stream is disclosed. The LNG feed stream is heated to vaporize at least part of it, then expanded and supplied to a fractionation column at a first mid-column feed position. The gas stream is expanded and cooled, then supplied to the column at a second mid-column feed position. A distillation vapor stream is withdrawn from the fractionation column below the mid-column feed positions and directed in heat exchange relation with the LNG feed stream, cooling the distillation vapor stream as it supplies at least part of the heating of the LNG feed stream. The distillation vapor stream is cooled sufficiently to condense at least a part of it, forming a first condensed stream. At least a portion of the first condensed stream is directed to the fractionation column at an upper mid-column feed position. A portion of the column overhead stream is also directed in heat exchange relation with the LNG feed stream, so that it also supplies at least part of the heating of the LNG feed stream as it is condensed, forming a second condensed stream. The second condensed stream is divided into a “lean” LNG stream and a reflux stream, whereupon the reflux stream is supplied to the column at a top column feed position. The quantities and temperatures of the feeds to the column are effective to maintain the column overhead temperature at a temperature whereby the major portion of the desired components is recovered in the bottom liquid product from the column.
-
Citations
21 Claims
-
1. A process for the separation of liquefied natural gas containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components and a gas stream containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components into a volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane and a relatively less volatile liquid fraction containing a major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components wherein
(a) said liquefied natural gas is heated sufficiently to vaporize it, thereby forming a vapor stream; -
(b) said vapor stream is expanded to lower pressure and is thereafter supplied to a distillation column at a first mid-column feed position; (c) said gas stream is expanded to said lower pressure, is cooled, and is thereafter supplied to said distillation column at a second mid-column feed position; (d) a distillation vapor stream is withdrawn from a region of said distillation column below said expanded vapor stream and said expanded cooled gas stream, whereupon said distillation vapor stream is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a first condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (e) at least a portion of said first condensed stream is supplied to said distillation column at an upper mid-column feed position; (f) an overhead distillation stream is withdrawn from an upper region of said distillation column and divided into at least a first portion and a second portion, whereupon said first portion is compressed to higher pressure; (g) said compressed first portion is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a second condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (h) said second condensed stream is divided into at least a volatile liquid stream and a reflux stream; (i) said reflux stream is further cooled, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (j) said further cooled reflux stream is supplied to said distillation column at a top column feed position; (k) said volatile liquid stream is heated sufficiently to vaporize it, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (l) said second portion is heated, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (m) said vaporized volatile liquid stream and said heated second portion are combined to form said volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane; and (n) the quantity and temperature of said reflux stream and the temperatures of said feeds to said distillation column are effective to maintain the overhead temperature of said distillation column at a temperature whereby the major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components is recovered in said relatively less volatile liquid fraction by fractionation in said distillation column. - View Dependent Claims (5, 8, 17, 18, 19)
-
-
2. A process for the separation of liquefied natural gas containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components and a gas stream containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components into a volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane and a relatively less volatile liquid fraction containing a major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components wherein
(a) said liquefied natural gas is heated sufficiently to partially vaporize it; -
(b) said partially vaporized liquefied natural gas is separated thereby to provide a vapor stream and a liquid stream; (c) said vapor stream is expanded to lower pressure and is thereafter supplied to a distillation column at a first mid-column feed position; (d) said liquid stream is expanded to said lower pressure and thereafter supplied to said distillation column at a lower mid-column feed position; (e) said gas stream is expanded to said lower pressure, is cooled, and is thereafter supplied to said distillation column at a second mid-column feed position; (f) a distillation vapor stream is withdrawn from a region of said distillation column below said expanded vapor stream and said expanded cooled gas stream, whereupon said distillation vapor stream is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a first condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (g) at least a portion of said first condensed stream is supplied to said distillation column at an upper mid-column feed position; (h) an overhead distillation stream is withdrawn from an upper region of said distillation column and divided into at least a first portion and a second portion, whereupon said first portion is compressed to higher pressure; (i) said compressed first portion is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a second condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (j) said second condensed stream is divided into at least a volatile liquid stream and a reflux stream; (k) said reflux stream is further cooled, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (l) said further cooled reflux stream is supplied to said distillation column at a top column feed position; (m) said volatile liquid stream is heated sufficiently to vaporize it, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (n) said second portion is heated, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (o) said vaporized volatile liquid stream and said heated second portion are combined to form said volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane; and (p) the quantity and temperature of said reflux stream and the temperatures of said feeds to said distillation column are effective to maintain the overhead temperature of said distillation column at a temperature whereby the major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components is recovered in said relatively less volatile liquid fraction by fractionation in said distillation column.
-
-
3. A process for the separation of liquefied natural gas containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components and a gas stream containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components into a volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane and a relatively less volatile liquid fraction containing a major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components wherein
(a) said liquefied natural gas is heated sufficiently to vaporize it, thereby forming a first vapor stream; -
(b) said first vapor stream is expanded to lower pressure and is thereafter supplied to a distillation column at a first mid-column feed position; (c) said gas stream is expanded to said lower pressure and is thereafter cooled sufficiently to partially condense it; (d) said partially condensed gas stream is separated thereby to provide a second vapor stream and a liquid stream; (e) said second vapor stream is further cooled and thereafter supplied to said distillation column at a second mid-column feed position; (f) said liquid stream is supplied to said distillation column at a lower mid-column feed position; (g) a distillation vapor stream is withdrawn from a region of said distillation column below said expanded first vapor stream and said further cooled second vapor stream, whereupon said distillation vapor stream is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a first condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (h) at least a portion of said first condensed stream is supplied to said distillation column at an upper mid-column feed position; (i) an overhead distillation stream is withdrawn from an upper region of said distillation column and divided into at least a first portion and a second portion, whereupon said first portion is compressed to higher pressure; (j) said compressed first portion is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a second condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (k) said second condensed stream is divided into at least a volatile liquid stream and a reflux stream; (l) said reflux stream is further cooled, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (m) said further cooled reflux stream is supplied to said distillation column at a top column feed position; (n) said volatile liquid stream is heated sufficiently to vaporize it, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (o) said second portion is heated, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (p) said vaporized volatile liquid stream and said heated second portion are combined to form said volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane; and (q) the quantity and temperature of said reflux stream and the temperatures of said feeds to said distillation column are effective to maintain the overhead temperature of said distillation column at a temperature whereby the major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components is recovered in said relatively less volatile liquid fraction by fractionation in said distillation column. - View Dependent Claims (6)
-
-
4. A process for the separation of liquefied natural gas containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components and a gas stream containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components into a volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane and a relatively less volatile liquid fraction containing a major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components wherein
(a) said liquefied natural gas is heated sufficiently to partially vaporize it; -
(b) said partially vaporized liquefied natural gas is separated thereby to provide a first vapor stream and a first liquid stream; (c) said first vapor stream is expanded to lower pressure and is thereafter supplied to a distillation column at a first mid-column feed position; (d) said first liquid stream is expanded to said lower pressure and thereafter supplied to said distillation column at a first lower mid-column feed position; (e) said gas stream is expanded to said lower pressure and is thereafter cooled sufficiently to partially condense it; (f) said partially condensed gas stream is separated thereby to provide a second vapor stream and a second liquid stream; (g) said second vapor stream is further cooled and thereafter supplied to said distillation column at a second mid-column feed position; (h) said second liquid stream is supplied to said distillation column at a second lower mid-column feed position; (i) a distillation vapor stream is withdrawn from a region of said distillation column below said expanded first vapor stream and said further cooled second vapor stream, whereupon said distillation vapor stream is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a first condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (j) at least a portion of said first condensed stream is supplied to said distillation column at an upper mid-column feed position; (k) an overhead distillation stream is withdrawn from an upper region of said distillation column and divided into at least a first portion and a second portion, whereupon said first portion is compressed to higher pressure; (l) said compressed first portion is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a second condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (m) said second condensed stream is divided into at least a volatile liquid stream and a reflux stream; (n) said reflux stream is further cooled, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (o) said further cooled reflux stream is supplied to said distillation column at a top column feed position; (p) said volatile liquid stream is heated sufficiently to vaporize it, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (q) said second portion is heated, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (r) said vaporized volatile liquid stream and said heated second portion are combined to form said volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane; and (s) the quantity and temperature of said reflux stream and the temperatures of said feeds to said distillation column are effective to maintain the overhead temperature of said distillation column at a temperature whereby the major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components is recovered in said relatively less volatile liquid fraction by fractionation in said distillation column. - View Dependent Claims (7)
-
-
9. A process for the separation of liquefied natural gas containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components and a gas stream containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components into a volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane and a relatively less volatile liquid fraction containing a major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components wherein
(a) said liquefied natural gas is heated sufficiently to vaporize it, thereby forming a vapor stream; -
(b) said vapor stream is expanded to lower pressure and is thereafter supplied at a first lower feed position to an absorber column that produces an overhead distillation stream and a bottom liquid stream; (c) said gas stream is expanded to said lower pressure, is cooled, and is thereafter supplied to said absorber column at a second lower feed position; (d) said bottom liquid stream is supplied at a top column feed position to a stripper column that produces an overhead vapor stream and said relatively less volatile liquid fraction; (e) said overhead vapor stream is divided into at least a first distillation vapor stream and a second distillation vapor stream, whereupon said second distillation vapor stream is supplied to said absorber column at a third lower feed position; (f) said first distillation vapor stream is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a first condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (g) at least a portion of said first condensed stream is supplied to said absorber column at a mid-column feed position; (h) said overhead distillation stream is divided into at least a first portion and a second portion, whereupon said first portion is compressed to higher pressure; (i) said compressed first portion is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a second condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (j) said second condensed stream is divided into at least a volatile liquid stream and a reflux stream; (k) said reflux stream is further cooled, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (l) said further cooled reflux stream is supplied to said absorber column at a top column feed position; (m) said volatile liquid stream is heated sufficiently to vaporize it, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (n) said second portion is heated, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (o) said vaporized volatile liquid stream and said heated second portion are combined to form said volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane; and (p) the quantity and temperature of said reflux stream and the temperatures of said feeds to said absorber column and said stripper column are effective to maintain the overhead temperatures of said absorber column and said stripper column at temperatures whereby the major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components is recovered in said relatively less volatile liquid fraction by fractionation in said absorber column and said stripper column.
-
-
10. A process for the separation of liquefied natural gas containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components and a gas stream containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components into a volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane and a relatively less volatile liquid fraction containing a major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components wherein
(a) said liquefied natural gas is heated sufficiently to partially vaporize it; -
(b) said partially vaporized liquefied natural gas is separated thereby to provide a vapor stream and a liquid stream; (c) said vapor stream is expanded to lower pressure and is thereafter supplied at a first lower feed position to an absorber column that produces an overhead distillation stream and a bottom liquid stream; (d) said gas stream is expanded to said lower pressure, is cooled, and is thereafter supplied to said absorber column at a second lower feed position; (e) said bottom liquid stream is supplied at a top column feed position to a stripper column that produces an overhead vapor stream and said relatively less volatile liquid fraction; (f) said liquid stream is expanded to said lower pressure and thereafter supplied to said stripper column at a mid-column feed position; (g) said overhead vapor stream is divided into at least a first distillation vapor stream and a second distillation vapor stream, whereupon said second distillation vapor stream is supplied to said absorber column at a third lower feed position; (h) said first distillation vapor stream is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a first condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (i) at least a portion of said first condensed stream is supplied to said absorber column at a mid-column feed position; (j) said overhead distillation stream is divided into at least a first portion and a second portion, whereupon said first portion is compressed to higher pressure; (k) said compressed first portion is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a second condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (l) said second condensed stream is divided into at least a volatile liquid stream and a reflux stream; (m) said reflux stream is further cooled, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (n) said further cooled reflux stream is supplied to said absorber column at a top column feed position; (o) said volatile liquid stream is heated sufficiently to vaporize it, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (p) said second portion is heated, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (q) said vaporized volatile liquid stream and said heated second portion are combined to form said volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane; and (r) the quantity and temperature of said reflux stream and the temperatures of said feeds to said absorber column and said stripper column are effective to maintain the overhead temperatures of said absorber column and said stripper column at temperatures whereby the major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components is recovered in said relatively less volatile liquid fraction by fractionation in said absorber column and said stripper column. - View Dependent Claims (13, 16, 20, 21)
-
-
11. A process for the separation of liquefied natural gas containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components and a gas stream containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components into a volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane and a relatively less volatile liquid fraction containing a major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components wherein
(a) said liquefied natural gas is heated sufficiently to vaporize it, thereby forming a first vapor stream; -
(b) said first vapor stream is expanded to lower pressure and is thereafter supplied at a first lower feed position to an absorber column that produces an overhead distillation stream and a bottom liquid stream; (c) said gas stream is expanded to said lower pressure and is thereafter cooled sufficiently to partially condense it; (d) said partially condensed gas stream is separated thereby to provide a second vapor stream and a liquid stream; (e) said second vapor stream is further cooled and thereafter supplied to said absorber column at a second lower feed position; (f) said bottom liquid stream is supplied at a top column feed position to a stripper column that produces an overhead vapor stream and said relatively less volatile liquid fraction; (g) said liquid stream is supplied to said stripper column at a mid-column feed position; (h) said overhead vapor stream is divided into at least a first distillation vapor stream and a second distillation vapor stream, whereupon said second distillation vapor stream is supplied to said absorber column at a third lower feed position; (i) said first distillation vapor stream is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a first condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (j) at least a portion of said first condensed stream is supplied to said absorber column at a mid-column feed position; (k) said overhead distillation stream is divided into at least a first portion and a second portion, whereupon said first portion is compressed to higher pressure; (l) said compressed first portion is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a second condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (m) said second condensed stream is divided into at least a volatile liquid stream and a reflux stream; (n) said reflux stream is further cooled, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (o) said further cooled reflux stream is supplied to said absorber column at a top column feed position; (p) said volatile liquid stream is heated sufficiently to vaporize it, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (q) said second portion is heated, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (r) said vaporized volatile liquid stream and said heated second portion are combined to form said volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane; and (s) the quantity and temperature of said reflux stream and the temperatures of said feeds to said absorber column and said stripper column are effective to maintain the overhead temperatures of said absorber column and said stripper column at temperatures whereby the major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components is recovered in said relatively less volatile liquid fraction by fractionation in said absorber column and said stripper column. - View Dependent Claims (14)
-
-
12. A process for the separation of liquefied natural gas containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components and a gas stream containing methane and heavier hydrocarbon components into a volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane and a relatively less volatile liquid fraction containing a major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components wherein
(a) said liquefied natural gas is heated sufficiently to partially vaporize it; -
(b) said partially vaporized liquefied natural gas is separated thereby to provide a first vapor stream and a first liquid stream; (c) said first vapor stream is expanded to lower pressure and is thereafter supplied at a first lower feed position to an absorber column that produces an overhead distillation stream and a bottom liquid stream; (d) said gas stream is expanded to said lower pressure and is thereafter cooled sufficiently to partially condense it; (e) said partially condensed gas stream is separated thereby to provide a second vapor stream and a second liquid stream; (f) said second vapor stream is further cooled and thereafter supplied to said absorber column at a second lower feed position; (g) said bottom liquid stream is supplied at a top column feed position to a stripper column that produces an overhead vapor stream and said relatively less volatile liquid fraction; (h) said first liquid stream is expanded to said lower pressure and thereafter supplied to said stripper column at a first mid-column feed position; (i) said second liquid stream is supplied to said stripper column at a second mid-column feed position; (j) said overhead vapor stream is divided into at least a first distillation vapor stream and a second distillation vapor stream, whereupon said second distillation vapor stream is supplied to said absorber column at a third lower feed position; (k) said first distillation vapor stream is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a first condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (l) at least a portion of said first condensed stream is supplied to said absorber column at a mid-column feed position; (m) said overhead distillation stream is divided into at least a first portion and a second portion, whereupon said first portion is compressed to higher pressure; (n) said compressed first portion is cooled sufficiently to at least partially condense it and form thereby a second condensed stream, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (o) said second condensed stream is divided into at least a volatile liquid stream and a reflux stream; (p) said reflux stream is further cooled, with said cooling supplying at least a portion of said heating of said liquefied natural gas; (q) said further cooled reflux stream is supplied to said absorber column at a top column feed position; (r) said volatile liquid stream is heated sufficiently to vaporize it, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (s) said second portion is heated, with said heating supplying at least a portion of said cooling of said expanded gas stream; (t) said vaporized volatile liquid stream and said heated second portion are combined to form said volatile residue gas fraction containing a major portion of said methane; and (u) the quantity and temperature of said reflux stream and the temperatures of said feeds to said absorber column and said stripper column are effective to maintain the overhead temperatures of said absorber column and said stripper column at temperatures whereby the major portion of said heavier hydrocarbon components is recovered in said relatively less volatile liquid fraction by fractionation in said absorber column and said stripper column. - View Dependent Claims (15)
-
Specification