SECURE OUTSOURCED AGGREGATION WITH ONE-WAY CHAINS
First Claim
1. A computer-implemented method of securely outsourcing data aggregation, the method comprising:
- verifying an aggregated result of data provided by a plurality of sources by using an aggregated verifiable synopses (AVS) comprising one or more verifiable synopsis (VS), the verifying comprising;
determining an inflation free proof (IFP) for a maximum data value vm;
determining individual self-authentication values (SEALs) and folding those SEALs together to form a single SEAL;
generating a reference synopsis (RS) from vm and sensor metadata; and
designating the VS as valid when the RS equals the VS.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Secure outsourced aggregation of data using one-way chains is discussed in this application. Each input data source such as a sensor generates a Verifiable Synopsis (“VS”) which includes sensor data, an Inflation Free Proof (“IFP”) generated using a cryptographic function and a Self-Authenticating Value (“SEAL”) chain generated using a one-way function. An aggregator takes a plurality VSs from multiple data sources and aggregates them together into one. Maximum value, top-k, count, count distinct, sum, average, and other aggregate functions may be used. Folded VS provides a concise proof that no value greater than the maximum value was reported by a sensor, thus providing a check against deflation of sensor data. Similarly, the cryptographic function of the IFP provides a mechanism to prevent inflation of the sensor data. Thus it becomes possible at a portal to verify that aggregated data has not been inflated or deflated by the aggregator.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. A computer-implemented method of securely outsourcing data aggregation, the method comprising:
verifying an aggregated result of data provided by a plurality of sources by using an aggregated verifiable synopses (AVS) comprising one or more verifiable synopsis (VS), the verifying comprising; determining an inflation free proof (IFP) for a maximum data value vm; determining individual self-authentication values (SEALs) and folding those SEALs together to form a single SEAL; generating a reference synopsis (RS) from vm and sensor metadata; and designating the VS as valid when the RS equals the VS. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. A method of securely aggregating data, the method comprising:
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determining a self-authenticating value (SEAL) with maximum value vm from a set of data comprising one or more values vi; rolling each SEAL with value vi<
vm in the set of data forward by iterating each SEAL with Fv( ) until each SEAL equals vm; andfolding SEALs with length equal to vm together to form a single SEAL. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12)
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13. One or more computer-readable storage media storing instructions that when executed instruct a processor to perform acts comprising:
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ordering SEAL chains by length; where adjacent SEAL chains are not of equal length, rolling a shortest first SEAL chain forward to match length of a next second SEAL chain having an equal or next shortest length; and folding SEAL chains of equal length together. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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Specification