LONG LIFE HIGH CAPACITY ELECTRODE, DEVICE, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE
First Claim
1. A method of manufacture, the method comprising:
- prior to an end use application, introducing a first electrode and a second electrode to an electrolytic medium;
prior to the end use application, applying an electrical potential of a first polarity to the first electrode and an electrical potential of a second polarity to the second electrode for a first duration of time until at least one of the first and the second electrodes is substantially oxidized or reduced; and
incorporating the first and the second electrodes into a device for the end use application.
2 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
Electrodes, particularly electrochemically active electrodes, may benefit from one or more pretreatment cycles in which the electrode is substantially oxidized, reduced or otherwise exhausted prior to use in an end use application, for example active agent delivery via iontophoresis. For instance, electrode lifetime may be advantageously increased, even when used to delivery relatively high currents or used at high current densities. Such may be necessary to delivery therapeutically effect dosage regimes, for instance of oxycodone. Use of a nonwoven fibrous substrate printed with a sacrificial ink may be advantageous relative to other substrates. Use of certain Ag/AgCl inks may be advantageous over other Ag/AgCl inks.
105 Citations
38 Claims
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1. A method of manufacture, the method comprising:
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prior to an end use application, introducing a first electrode and a second electrode to an electrolytic medium; prior to the end use application, applying an electrical potential of a first polarity to the first electrode and an electrical potential of a second polarity to the second electrode for a first duration of time until at least one of the first and the second electrodes is substantially oxidized or reduced; and incorporating the first and the second electrodes into a device for the end use application. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A device for an end use application, comprising:
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a first electrode which has had an electrical potential of a first polarity applied for a duration of time until the first electrode has been substantially oxidized or reduced at least one before the end use application; a second electrode which has had an electrical potential of a second polarity applied for a duration of time until the second electrode has been substantially oxidized or reduced at least once before the end use application; and a circuit operable to apply a voltage across the first and the second electrodes during the end use application. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
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27. A device for an end use application of drug delivery, the device comprising:
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a first sacrificial electrode; a second electrode; an drug reservoir positioned on a delivery side of the first electrode to be responsive to an electrical potential applied by the first sacrificial electrode to delivery a drug from the drug reservoir to a biological interface; and a circuit operable to apply a voltage from a power source across the first and the second electrodes during the end use application, wherein the first sacrificial electrode has a capacity of delivering 0.3 mA/cm2 for a 24 hour duration when driven by the circuit. - View Dependent Claims (28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38)
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Specification