APPARATUSES FOR REAL-TIME, SINGLE MOLECULE SEQUENCE DETERMINATION
First Claim
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1. A single molecule sequencing apparatus comprising:
- a support comprising at least one complex, wherein the complex comprises one or more tagged polymerases and one or more target nucleic acid templates immobilized on the support through at least one polymerase and/or at least one template;
at least one tagged nucleotide or nucleotide analog for the polymerase, where the tag of the at least one nucleotide or nucleotide analog is covalently bonded to a part of the nucleotide or nucleotide analog that is released upon incorporation due to action of the polymerase;
a light source; and
a detector;
where, during one or more incorporations of a tagged nucleotide or nucleotide analog by the polymerase, a detectable property of the tag of a nucleotide or nucleotide analog and/or the polymerase tag undergoes one or more changes that is detected by the detector, where the one or more changes detected by the detector can be further analyzed to determine the identity of one or more incorporated nucleotides or nucleotide analogs, thereby determining a sequence of one or more templates.
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Abstract
A sequencing methodology is disclosed that allows a single DNA or RNA molecule or portion thereof to be sequenced directly and in substantially real time. The methodology involves engineering a polymerase and/or dNTPs with atomic and/or molecular tags that have a detectable property that is monitored by a detection system.
26 Citations
20 Claims
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1. A single molecule sequencing apparatus comprising:
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a support comprising at least one complex, wherein the complex comprises one or more tagged polymerases and one or more target nucleic acid templates immobilized on the support through at least one polymerase and/or at least one template; at least one tagged nucleotide or nucleotide analog for the polymerase, where the tag of the at least one nucleotide or nucleotide analog is covalently bonded to a part of the nucleotide or nucleotide analog that is released upon incorporation due to action of the polymerase; a light source; and a detector; where, during one or more incorporations of a tagged nucleotide or nucleotide analog by the polymerase, a detectable property of the tag of a nucleotide or nucleotide analog and/or the polymerase tag undergoes one or more changes that is detected by the detector, where the one or more changes detected by the detector can be further analyzed to determine the identity of one or more incorporated nucleotides or nucleotide analogs, thereby determining a sequence of one or more templates. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4)
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5. A single molecule sequencing apparatus comprising:
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a support comprising a polymerase immobilized on the support, where the polymerase is detectably tagged with a Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) donor, and one or more target nucleic acid templates; at least one tagged nucleotide or nucleotide analog comprising a tag, wherein the tag comprises at least one FRET acceptor covalently bonded to a part of the nucleotide or nucleotide analog that is released upon incorporation due to action of the polymerase; an excitation light source; and a fluorescent detector; where the light source irradiates the polymerase with light of a wavelength sufficient to excite the donor tag on the polymerase and the detector detects FRET events indicative of one or more incorporations of a tagged nucleotide or nucleotide analog and analyzes the events to determine the identity of one or more tagged nucleotides or nucleotide analogs, thereby generating sequence information relating to one or more templates. - View Dependent Claims (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. A single molecule sequencing apparatus, comprising:
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a support; a tagged polymerase, wherein the tag comprises a Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) donor; at least one target nucleic acid template, where the polymerase and the template form a complex and where the complex is immobilized on the support through the polymerase or the template; at least one tagged nucleotide or nucleotide analog, wherein the tag of one or more nucleotides or nucleotide analogs comprises a FRET acceptor bonded to a part of the nucleotide or nucleotide analog that is released due to action of the polymerase; an excitation light source; a fluorescent detector; and an analyzer; where the light source irradiates the support with light of a wavelength sufficient to excite the donor tag on the polymerase, the detector detects one or more FRET events between the donor tag on the polymerase and the acceptor tag of a tagged incorporating nucleotide or nucleotide analog, and the analyzer analyzes the events and determines a sequence of at least one template. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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Specification