METHOD OF ESTIMATING THE NON-MEASURABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEM
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method of estimating the internal state of an electrochemical system by a zero-dimensional (0D) electrochemical mathematical model for estimating the characteristics of a battery that are not directly measurable during operation thereof. For applications relating to hybrid and electric vehicles, the most significant internal characteristics are the state of charge (SoC), the state of health (SoH) and the thermal state (T). Reconstruction of the internal characteristics is achieved using a mathematical model of the battery. The method can be used with the operation of the battery itself (real time) with a concentrated-parameter (0D) or off-line mathematical model, for calibration, an optimization or a validation of management and estimation strategies. The method allows simulation of the thermal and electrical behavior of a battery. The method according to the invention can also be useful for battery dimensioning and for optimization of the energy and thermal management strategies as a function of the desired application.
35 Citations
43 Claims
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1-19. -19. (canceled)
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20. A method of estimating an internal state of a rechargeable electrochemical system comprising electrodes, a separator, an electrolyte, and a computer-based electrochemical model of the system, and wherein at least one input signal of at least one parameter representative of a physical quantity of the system is available and the computer-based electrochemical model comprises:
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a mathematical representation of kinetics of electrochemical reactions that take place at interfaces between the electrodes and the electrolyte, the representation accounting for interface concentrations; a mathematical representation of a spatial accumulation of charges in a double layer capacity at each electrode; a mathematical representation of a redistribution of charges at the electrodes; a mathematical representation of a diffusion of ionic charges of the electrolyte through the electrodes and the separator; a material balance of electrodes and the electrolyte of the system; an energy balance of the system for calculating a temperature of the system; and
whereinthe electrochemical model includes homogenous parameters within the electrodes and the separator and an internal state of the system is estimated by generating at least one output signal by applying the at least one input signal to the model. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 41, 42, 43)
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36. A system for management of an electrochemical battery, comprising:
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an input means, connected to a means for measuring at least one parameter representation of a physical quantity of the battery, for receiving an input value of the at least one parameter representative of a physical quantity of the battery; a processing means, including at least one processor, for generating at least one output signal of at least one characteristic calculated by a method of estimating an internal state of a rechargeable electrochemical system comprising electrodes, a separator, an electrolyte, and a computer-based electrochemical model of the system wherein the computer-based electrochemical model comprises a mathematical representation of kinetics of electrochemical reactions that take place at interfaces between electrodes and the electrolyte which accounts for interface concentrations, a mathematical representation of a spatial accumulation of charges in a double layer capacity at each electrode, a mathematical representation of a redistribution of charges at the electrodes, a mathematical representation of a diffusion of ionic charges of the electrolyte through the electrodes and the separator, a material balance of electrodes and the electrolyte of the system, an energy balance of the system for calculating a temperature of the system, homogenous parameters within the electrodes and the separator and the internal state of the system is estimated by generating at least one output signal by applying the at least one input signal to the model; and
means for providing information on at least one of the physical quantity of the battery, controlling charge/discharge, and cooling of the battery in response to the output signal of the processing means. - View Dependent Claims (37)
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38. A method of use of a system for management of an electrochemical battery, including an input means, coupled to means for measuring at least one parameter representation of a physical quantity of the battery, for receiving an input value of the at least one parameter representative of a physical quantity of the battery, a processing means including at least one processor, for generating at least one output signal of at least one characteristic calculated by a method of estimating an internal state of a rechargeable electrochemical system comprising electrodes, a separator, an electrolyte, and a computer-based electrochemical model of the system wherein the computer-based electrochemical model comprise a mathematical representation of kinetics of electrochemical reactions that take place at interfaces between electrodes and the electrolyte, which accounts for interface concentrations, a mathematical representation of a spatial accumulation of charges in a double layer capacity at each electrode, a mathematical representation of a redistribution of charges at the electrodes, a mathematical representation of a diffusion of ionic charges of the electrolyte through the electrodes and the separator, a material balance of electrodes and the electrolyte of the system, an energy balance of the system for calculating a temperature of the system, homogenous parameters within the electrodes and the separator and the internal state of the system is estimated by generating at least one output signal by applying the at least one input signal to the model;
- and means for providing information on the physical quantity of the battery, controlling charge/discharge, and cooling of the battery in response to the output signal of the processing means, comprising;
controlling energy in the electrochemical battery and managing the system in one of a hybrid or electric vehicle, a photovoltaic power system or a wind powered energy system.
- and means for providing information on the physical quantity of the battery, controlling charge/discharge, and cooling of the battery in response to the output signal of the processing means, comprising;
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39. A method of use of a system for management of an electrochemical battery, including an input means, coupled to means for measuring at least one parameter representation of a physical quantity of the battery, for receiving an input value of the at least one parameter representative of a physical quantity of the battery, a processing means including at least one processor, for generating at least one output signal of at least one characteristic calculated by a method of estimating an internal state of a rechargeable electrochemical system comprising electrodes, a separator, an electrolyte, and a computer-based electrochemical model of the system wherein the computer-based electrochemical model comprise a mathematical representation of kinetics of electrochemical reactions that take place at interfaces between electrodes and the electrolyte, which account for interface concentrations, a mathematical representation of a spatial accumulation of charges in a double layer capacity at each electrode, a mathematical representation of a redistribution of charges at the electrodes, a mathematical representation of a diffusion of ionic charges of the electrolyte through the electrodes and the separator, a material balance of electrodes and the electrolyte of the system, an energy balance of the system for calculating a temperature of the system, homogenous parameters within the electrodes and the separator and the internal state of the system is estimated by generating at least one output signal by applying the at least one input signal to the model;
- and means for providing information on the physical quantity of the battery, controlling charge/discharge, and cooling of the battery in response to the output signal of the processing means, comprising controlling energy in the electrochemical battery and controlling and managing a charger/discharger.
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40. A simulator of thermal and/or an electrical state of a battery comprising:
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an input means for receiving an input value of at least one parameter representative of a physical quantity of a battery;
processing means including at least one processor, for generating at least one output signal of at least one characteristic calculated by a method of estimating an internal state of a rechargeable electrochemical system comprising electrodes, a separator, an electrolyte, and a computer-based electrochemical model of the system wherein the computer-based electrochemical model comprise a mathematical representation of kinetics of electrochemical reactions that take place at interfaces between electrodes and the electrolyte, which account for interface concentrations, a mathematical representation of a spatial accumulation of charges in a double layer capacity at each electrode, a mathematical representation of a redistribution of charges at the electrodes, a mathematical representation of a diffusion of ionic charges of the electrolyte through the electrodes and the separator, a material balance of electrodes and the electrolyte of the system, an energy balance of the system for calculating a temperature of the system, homogenous parameters within the electrodes and the separator and the internal state of the system is estimated by generating at least one output signal by applying the at least one input signal to the model, and means for providing information on the physical quantity of the battery, controlling charge/discharge, and cooling of the battery in response to the output signal of the processing means, comprising;controlling energy in the electrochemical battery and managing the system in one of a hybrid or electric vehicle, a photovoltaic power system or a wind powered energy system.
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Specification