Nanostructure-Enhanced Platelet Binding and Hemostatic Structures

• US 20110064785A1
• Filed: 03/09/2010
• Published: 03/17/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 12/06/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nanosys Incorporated (Shoei Electronic Materials, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Nanosys Incorporated (Shoei Electronic Materials, Inc.)
• Inventors: Li, Esther, Rogers, Erica J., Daniels, R. Hugh
• Granted Patent: US 8,319,002 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 424/443
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/0057 Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect sutures A61B17/04; closing rectum or urethra near body surface A61F2/0009
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/064 Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00601 Implements entirely comprised between the two sides of the opening
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00884 enhancing wound closure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00893 pharmaceutically effective
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 13/00991 for treating webs, e.g. for moisturising, coating, impregnating or applying powder
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 13/01008 characterised by the material
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 13/01034 characterised by a property
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 13/36 Surgical swabs, e.g. for absorbency or packing body cavities during surgery A61F13/38 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2013/00238 characterised by way of knitting or weaving
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2013/00472 with chemical means
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 15/18 containing inorganic materials
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 15/28 Polysaccharides or their derivatives A61L15/225 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 24/02 containing inorganic materials
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 24/08 Polysaccharides A61L24/043 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2400/04 Materials for stopping bleeding
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2400/12 Nanosized materials, e.g. nanofibres, nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes; Nanostructured surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 7/04 Antihaemorrhagics; Procoagulants; Haemostatic agents; Antifibrinolytic agents
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 1/26 Cellulose ethers
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 5/04 Alginic acid; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: D06M 11/79 : with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
• CPC Class Codes: D06M 23/08 : Processes in which the treating agent is applied in powder or granular form adhesives for multi-layer textile fabrics D06M17/00

Abstract

Methods, systems, and apparatuses for nanomaterial-enhanced platelet binding and hemostatic medical devices are provided. Hemostatic materials and structures are provided that induce platelet binding, including platelet binding and the coagulation of blood at a wound/opening caused by trauma, a surgical procedure, ulceration, or other cause. Example embodiments include platelet binding devices, hemostatic bandages, hemostatic plugs, and hemostatic formulations. The hemostatic materials and structures may incorporate nanostructures and/or further hemostatic elements such as polymers, silicon nanofibers, silicon dioxide nanofibers, and/or glass beads into a highly absorbent, gelling scaffold. The hemostatic materials and structures may be resorbable.

Claims

1. A platelet binding structure, comprising:

a base structure that includes a first material; and

a plurality of inorganic nanostructures incorporated with the base structure;

wherein the nanostructures are configured to induce platelet binding when the platelet binding structure is contacted with platelets.

2. The platelet binding structure of claim 1, wherein the platelet binding structure is a hemostatic device, a wound dressing, a specific cell binding device, or a platelet filtration device.

3. The platelet binding structure of claim 1, wherein the nanostructures comprise elongated nanofibers.

4. The platelet binding structure of claim 3, wherein the nanostructures comprise silicon nanofibers and/or silicon dioxide nanofibers.

5. The platelet binding structure of claim 1, wherein the nanostructures coat the base structure.

6. The platelet binding structure of claim 1, wherein the base structure comprises alginate.

7. The platelet binding structure of claim 1, wherein the base structure comprises carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)

8. The platelet binding structure of claim 7, wherein the nanostructures are incorporated in the base structure at a density of between about 0.05 mg/cm² and about 100 mg/cm².

9. The platelet binding structure of claim 7, wherein the nanostructures are incorporated in the base structure at a density of between about 0.05 mg/cm² and about 2 mg/cm².

10. The platelet binding structure of claim 7, wherein the nanostructures are incorporated in the base structure at a density of between about 0.05 and 0.5 mg/cm².

11. The platelet binding structure of claim 7, wherein at least about three times more platelets bind to the nanofiber coated CMC base structure as compared with an uncoated CMC base structure.

12. A method of inducing platelet adhesion, comprising:

contacting a plurality of inorganic nanostructures incorporated within a base structure with a population of platelets.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising suspending the inorganic nanostructures in a solvent and coating the base structure with the solvent prior to said contacting.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein said coating comprises dip coating.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein the nanostructures comprise elongated nanofibers.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the nanostructures comprise silicon nanofibers and/or silicon dioxide nanofibers.

17. The method of claim 12, wherein the base structure comprises carboxymethylcellulose.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the nanostructures are incorporated in the base structure at a density of between about 0.05 mg/cm² and about 100 mg/cm².

19. The method of claim 17, wherein the nanostructures are incorporated in the base structure at a density of between about 0.05 mg/cm² and about 2 mg/cm².

20. The method of claim 17, wherein the nanostructures are incorporated in the base structure at a density of between about 0.05 and 0.5 mg/cm².

21. The method of claim 17, wherein at least about three times more platelets bind to the nanofiber coated CMC base structure as compared with an uncoated CMC base structure.

22. A hemostatic structure, comprising:

a base structure that includes a first material capable of creating a gel when contacted with blood; and

a plurality of hemostatic inorganic nanoparticles incorporated with the base structure;

wherein the hemostatic nanoparticles are configured to induce hemostasis when the hemostatic structure is contacted with blood.

23. The hemostatic structure of claim 22, wherein the first material comprises carboxymethylcellulose.

24. The hemostatic structure of claim 22, wherein the first material comprises alginic acid.

25. The hemostatic structure of claim 22, wherein the first material is capable of absorbing at least 10 times its own weight in fluid.

26. The hemostatic structure of claim 22, wherein the hemostatic nanoparticles comprise elongated nanofibers.

27. The hemostatic structure of claim 26, wherein the hemostatic nanoparticles comprise silicon nanofibers and/or silicon dioxide nanofibers.

28. The hemostatic structure of claim 22, wherein the hemostatic nanoparticles coat the base structure.

29. The hemostatic structure of claim 22, wherein the base structure is porous.

30. The hemostatic structure of claim 22, wherein the hemostatic nanoparticles have a density in the range of about 0.05 mg per square centimeter of the base structure and about 2 mg per square centimeter of the base structure.

31. A method for forming a hemostatic structure, comprising:

providing a base structure that includes a first material capable of creating a gel when contacted with blood; and

coating the base structure with a plurality of hemostatic inorganic nanoparticles such that the nanoparticles are configured to induce hemostasis when the hemostatic structure is contacted with blood.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein the hemostatic particles comprise elongated nanofibers.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein the hemostatic nanoparticles comprise silicon nanofibers and/or silicon dioxide nanofibers.

34. The method of claim 32, wherein the base structure comprises carboxymethylcellulose.

35. The method of claim 33, wherein said coating comprises suspending the inorganic nanofibers in a solvent and coating the base structure with the solvent.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein said coating comprises dip coating.

37. The method of claim 36, further comprising evaporating the solvent after said coating to leave a plurality of nanofibers attached to the base structure.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein the nanofibers attach to the base structure substantially by Van der Waals attraction.