Minimally Invasive Joint Implant with 3-Dimensional Geometry Matching the Articular Surfaces

• US 20110066245A1
• Filed: 05/03/2010
• Published: 03/17/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 10/07/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Conformis Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Conformis Incorporated
• Inventors: Miller, David, Bouadi, Hacene, Lang, Philipp, Steines, Daniel
• Granted Patent: US 8,709,089 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 623/18.11
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/00234 for minimally invasive surgery A61B17/0218, A61B17/0469, A61B17/12013, A61B17/1285, A61B17/29, A61B17/320016 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30756 Cartilage endoprostheses A61F2/3603 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30767 Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30942 for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/32 for the hip
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/34 Acetabular cups
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/3603 implanted without ablation of the whole natural femoral head endoprosthetic cartilage A61F2/30756
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/38 for elbows or knees
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/3804 for elbows
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/40 for shoulders
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4081 Glenoid components, e.g. cups
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/42 for wrists or ankles; for hands, e.g. fingers; for feet, e.g. toes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4202 for ankles
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4261 for wrists
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4603 for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4657 Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints for surgical instruments A61B90/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30016 differing in hardness, e.g. Vickers, Shore, Brinell
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30062 (bio)absorbable, biodegradable, bioerodable, (bio)resorbable, resorptive
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3007 Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of elastic material, e.g. of elastomer
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30092 using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30113 : circular
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30125 : elliptical or oval
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30133 : kidney-shaped or bean-shaped
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30179 : X-shaped
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30242 : spherical
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30245 : Partial spheres
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30253 : ellipsoidal or ovoid
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30324 : differing in thickness
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30604 : modular
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30616 : Sets comprising a plurality of prosthetic parts of different sizes or orientations
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30822 : Circumferential grooves
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30841 : Sharp anchoring protrusions for impaction into the bone, e.g. sharp pins, spikes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30843 : Pyramidally-shaped
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30878 : with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30884 : Fins or wings, e.g. longitudinal wings for preventing rotation within the bone cavity
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30892 : parallel
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30894 : inclined obliquely with respect to each other
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30948 : using computerized tomography, i.e. CT scans
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30952 : using CAD-CAM techniques or NC-techniques
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30957 : using a positive or a negative model, e.g. moulds
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30962 : using stereolithography
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3208 : Bipolar or multipolar joints, e.g. having a femoral head articulating within an intermediate acetabular shell whilst said shell articulates within the natural acetabular socket or within an artificial outer shell
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3216 : tripolar
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3412 : with pins or protrusions, e.g. non-sharp pins or protrusions projecting from a shell surface
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3414 : Polar protrusion, e.g. for centering two concentric shells
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4007 : implanted without ablation of the whole natural humeral head
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4233 : for metatarso-phalangeal joints, i.e. MTP joints
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4251 : for metacarpo-phalangeal joints, i.e. MCP or MP joints, e.g. knuckle joints
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4631 : the prosthesis being specially adapted for being cemented
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4635 : using minimally invasive surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2210/0004 : bioabsorbable
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2210/0014 : using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2230/0006 : circular
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2230/0008 : elliptical or oval
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2230/0015 : Kidney-shaped, e.g. bean-shaped
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2230/0058 : X-shaped
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2230/0071 : spherical
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2230/0076 : ellipsoidal or ovoid
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2250/0019 : differing in hardness, e.g. Vickers, Shore, Brinell
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2250/0036 : differing in thickness
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00011 : Metals or alloys
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00179 : Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00293 : containing a phosphorus-containing compound, e.g. apatite
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00365 : Proteins; Polypeptides; Degradation products thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00383 : Gelatin
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00395 : Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of metals or of alloys
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00592 : Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 80/00 : Products made by additive manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 264/30 : Use of anatomy in making a mold or using said mold
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49 : Method of mechanical manufacture

Abstract

This invention is directed to orthopedic implants and systems. The invention also relates to methods of implant design, manufacture, modeling and implantation as well as to surgical tools and kits used therewith. The implants are designed by analyzing the articular surface to be corrected and creating a device with an anatomic or near anatomic fit; or selecting a pre-designed implant having characteristics that give the implant the best fit to the existing defect.

Claims

1. An articular implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein a portion or at least a portion of one of the first or second surfaces has a three-dimensional shape that substantially matches the shape of one of the first and second articular surfaces.

2. A method of making an implant suitable for a joint, the method comprising the steps of:

determining three-dimensional shapes of one or more articular surface of the joint;

and producing an implant having a first surface and a second surface, wherein the first surface and second surface oppose a first and second articular surface of the joint and further wherein a portion or all of at least one of the first or second surfaces substantially matches the three-dimensional shape of the articular surface.

3. An articular implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein at least a portion of at least one of the first or second surfaces has a three-dimensional shape that approximates the shape of one of the first and second articular surfaces.

4. A cartilage defect conforming implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein at least a portion of at least one of the first or second surfaces has a three-dimensional shape that substantially matches the shape of one of the first and second articular surfaces.

5. A cartilage defect conforming implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein at least a portion of at least one of the first or second surfaces has a three-dimensional shape that approximates the shape of one of the first and second articular surfaces.

6. A cartilage projected implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein at least a portion of at least one of the first or second surfaces has a three-dimensional shape that substantially matches the shape of one of the first and second articular surfaces.

7. A cartilage projected implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein at least a portion of at least one of the first or second surfaces has a three-dimensional shape that approximates the shape of one of the first and second articular surfaces.

8. A subchondral bone conforming implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein at least a portion of one of the first or second surfaces has a three-dimensional shape that substantially matches the shape of one of the first and second articular surfaces.

9. A subchondral bone conforming implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein at least a portion of one of the first or second surfaces has a three-dimensional shape that approximates the shape of one of the first and second articular surfaces.

10. A subchondral bone projected implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein at least a portion of one of the first or second surfaces has a three-dimensional shape that substantially matches the shape of one of the first and second articular surfaces.

11. A subchondral bone projected implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein at least a portion of one of the first or second surfaces has a three-dimensional shape that approximates the shape of one of the first and second articular surfaces.

12. An articular implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and second surface opposes a second articular surface of a the joint and further wherein at least a portion of one of the first or second surfaces has a three-dimensional shape that substantially matches the shape of one of the first and second articular surfaces and further wherein the implant restores joint movement to from 90-99.9% of natural joint mobility.

13. An implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and second surface opposes a second articular surface of a the joint and further wherein at least a portion of one of the first or second surfaces has a three-dimensional shape that substantially matches the shape of one of the first and second articular surfaces further wherein the implant can withstand 100% of the shear forces applied to the joint.

14. An implant suitable for a joint of a mammal wherein the joint has a first joint surface and a second joint surface wherein the implant has a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes at least a portion of a first articular surface and the second surface opposes at least a portion of a second articular surface and further wherein at least a portion of at least one of the first or second surfaces has a three-dimensional shape that substantially matches the shape of one of the first joint surface and the second joint surface.