High-Performance Rechargeable Batteries with Fast Solid-State Ion Conductors

• US 20110076542A1
• Filed: 09/24/2010
• Published: 03/31/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 09/25/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Lawrence Livermore National Security LLC (Government of the United States of America)
• Original Assignee: Lawrence Livermore National Security LLC (Government of the United States of America)
• Inventors: Farmer, Joseph C.
• Granted Patent: US 9,614,251 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 429/120
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0562 Solid materials
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/39 working at high temperature
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/3909 Sodium-sulfur cells
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 12/08 composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0065 Solid electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0077 based on zirconium oxide
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/18 Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/184 Regeneration by electrochemical means
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/186 by electrolytic decomposition of the electrolytic solution or the formed water product
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/188 by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/20 Indirect fuel cells, e.g. fuel cells with redox couple being irreversible H01M8/18 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/22 Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/227 Dialytic cells or batteries; Reverse electrodialysis cells or batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

A high-performance rechargeable battery using ultra-fast ion conductors. In one embodiment the rechargeable battery apparatus includes an enclosure, a first electrode operatively connected to the enclosure, a second electrode operatively connected to the enclosure, a nanomaterial in the enclosure, and a heat transfer unit.

Claims

1. A rechargeable battery apparatus, comprising:

an enclosure,

a first electrode operatively connected to said enclosure,

a second electrode operatively connected to said enclosure,

a suspended flowing nanomaterial in said enclosure,

a solid-state fast ion conductor, and

a heat transfer unit.

2. The rechargeable battery apparatus of claim 1 wherein said nanomaterial includes nanoparticles, a dielectric fluid, and dissolved ions for conduction.

3. The rechargeable battery apparatus of claim 1 wherein said nanomaterial includes particles, a dielectric fluid, and dissolved ions for conduction.

4. The rechargeable battery apparatus of claim 2 wherein said nanoparticles are hydrides as a source of hydrogen ions.

5. The rechargeable battery apparatus of claim 2 wherein said nanoparticles are lithium or lithium alloys including Li—

Si or Li—

Sin alloys.

6. The rechargeable battery apparatus of claim 2 wherein said nanoparticles are intercalated graphite or carbon aerogel as a Li source.

7. The rechargeable battery apparatus of claim 2 wherein said nanoparticles are intercalated transition metal oxide as a Li source.

8. The rechargeable battery apparatus of claim 1 including a second enclosure, a pair of electrodes operatively connected to said second enclosure, a second nanomaterial in said second enclosure, and a second heat transfer unit.

9. The rechargeable battery apparatus of claim 1 including an oxygen selective membrane and wherein said first electrode is an oxygen cathode

10. The rechargeable battery apparatus of claim 1 including a particle supply operatively connected to said enclosure that introduces nanoparticles or particles into said enclosure and a supply operatively connected to said enclosure that introduces a dielectric into said enclosure.

11. A rechargeable battery apparatus, comprising:

an enclosure,

a first electrode operatively connected to said enclosure,

a second electrode operatively connected to said enclosure,

a nanomaterial in said enclosure, and

a heat transfer unit.

12. The rechargeable battery apparatus of claim 11 wherein said nanomaterial includes nanoparticles and a dielectric.

13. The rechargeable battery apparatus of claim 12 wherein said nanoparticles are hydrides as a source of hydrogen ions.

14. The rechargeable battery apparatus of claim 12 wherein said nanoparticles are lithium or lithium alloys.

15. The rechargeable battery apparatus of claim 12 wherein said nanoparticles are intercalated graphite or carbon aerogel as a Li source.

16. The rechargeable battery apparatus of claim 12 wherein said nanoparticles are intercalated transition metal oxide as a Li source.