Method and device for separating carbon dioxide from a waste gas of a fossil fueloperated power plant

• US 20110139003A1
• Filed: 05/14/2009
• Published: 06/16/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 07/17/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Siemens AG
• Original Assignee: Siemens AG
• Inventors: Joh, Ralph, Schneider, Rüdiger, Schramm, Henning
• Granted Patent: US 8,834,609 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 95/183
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/504 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/1425 Regeneration of liquid absorbents
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/1475 Removing carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: F22B 37/008 Adaptations for flue gas purification in steam generators, flue gas purification in general F23J; gas purification in general B01D
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 15/006 Layout of treatment plant
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 15/04 using washing fluids scrubbers for removing solids only F23J15/022
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 2215/20 Sulfur; Compounds thereof
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 2215/50 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 2219/40 Sorption with wet devices, e.g. scrubbers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 50/20 Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02C 20/40 of CO2
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/32 Direct CO2 mitigation

Abstract

A method for separating carbon dioxide from a flue gas of a fossil fuel-operated power plant is provided. In the method, a fossil fuel is initially burned in a combustion process, wherein a hot waste gas containing carbon dioxide is produced. In a next process step, waste gas containing carbon dioxide is brought into contact with an absorption medium in an absorption process, wherein carbon dioxide is absorbed by the absorption medium, thus forming a charged absorption medium. Next, gaseous carbon dioxide is thermally expelled from the charged absorption medium in a desorption process. For this purpose, a vapor is supplied to the desorption process, the vapor is injected into the charged absorption medium, wherein the condensation heat released by the condensation of the vapor is transferred to the charged absorption medium, and the partial pressure of the carbon dioxide is simultaneously reduced in the desorption unit.

Claims

1-12. -12. (canceled)

13. A method for separation of carbon dioxide from a flue gas of a fossil-fueled power station, comprising:

burning a fossil fuel in a combustion process producing a hot off-gas comprising carbon dioxide;

bringing the hot off-gas comprising carbon dioxide into contact with an absorption medium in an absorption process where carbon dioxide is absorbed by the absorption medium forming a loaded absorption medium;

thermally forcing out gaseous carbon dioxide of the loaded absorption medium in a desorption process; and

supplying a steam, which is injected into the loaded absorption medium, with the condensation heat released by condensation of the steam being transferred to the loaded absorption medium.

14. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein a first amount of absorption medium which is extracted from the absorption medium circuit by the absorption process/desorption process is compensated for approximately by a second amount of injected steam.

15. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the steam is injected into the desorption process at a plurality of points.

16. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the steam for injection is extracted from a steam/condensate circuit of a fossil-fueled power station.

17. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the steam for injection is extracted from a steam generator process which is not coupled to an electricity generation process of the power station.

18. The method as claimed in claim 13,

wherein only a first portion of the supplied steam is injected into the loaded absorption medium, and

wherein a second portion of the supplied steam exchanges heat with the loaded absorption medium.

19. The method as claimed in claim 13,

wherein the steam that is supplied exchanges heat with the loaded absorption medium, wherein steam whose heat content has been reduced is formed, and

wherein a third portion of the steam whose steam content has been reduced is injected into the loaded absorption medium.

20. A fossil-fueled power station, comprising:

a separation device;

a combustion device;

an absorption unit; and

a desorption unit,

wherein the separation device is connected downstream from the combustion device and is used for a separation of carbon dioxide from an off-gas which comprises carbon dioxide,

wherein the separation device includes an absorption unit for absorption of gaseous carbon dioxide, and a desorption unit for emission of gaseous carbon dioxide, and

wherein the desorption unit includes an injection device for steam, which injection device is connected to a steam line such that steam may be injected into the desorption unit during operation of the separation device.

21. The fossil-fueled power station as claimed in claim 20, wherein a nozzle arrangement is arranged in a lower area of the desorption unit.

22. The fossil-fueled power station as claimed in claim 20,

wherein the injection device comprises the nozzle arrangement,

wherein the nozzle arrangement includes a plurality of nozzle heads, and

wherein the plurality of nozzle heads are aligned in a flow direction of a loaded absorption medium.

23. The fossil-fueled power station as claimed in claim 20, wherein the injection device is connected via the steam line to a bleed point on an overflow line or on a steam/condensate line of a steam turbine installation.

24. The fossil-fueled power station as claimed in claim 20,

wherein the desorption unit comprises a heating device which may be heated by steam, and

wherein the injection device is connected to the heating device via the steam line, such that steam from the heating device may be injected into the desorption unit using the injection device.

25. The fossil-fueled power station as claimed in claim 20, wherein the desorption unit includes a plurality of columns which are provided with a plurality of packings.