SPACE-FILLING MINIATURE ANTENNAS
First Claim
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1. An apparatus comprising:
- a portable communication device;
an antenna, the antenna being included entirely within the portable communication device;
wherein an edge of the antenna is shaped as a substantially non-periodic curve;
wherein said substantially non-periodic curve comprises a multiplicity of connected segments, each segment is shorter than one tenth of at least one operating free-space wavelength of the antenna;
wherein the antenna radiates at multiple different operating wavelengths;
wherein at least one of the operating wavelengths corresponds to an operating wavelength of a cellular telephone system; and
wherein the antenna is configured to radiate across at least two cellular telephone system frequency bands.
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Abstract
A novel geometry, the geometry of Space-Filling Curves (SFC) is defined in the present invention and it is used to shape a part of an antenna. By means of this novel technique, the size of the antenna can be reduced with respect to prior art, or alternatively, given a fixed size the antenna can operate at a lower frequency with respect to a conventional antenna of the same size.
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Citations
57 Claims
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1. An apparatus comprising:
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a portable communication device; an antenna, the antenna being included entirely within the portable communication device; wherein an edge of the antenna is shaped as a substantially non-periodic curve; wherein said substantially non-periodic curve comprises a multiplicity of connected segments, each segment is shorter than one tenth of at least one operating free-space wavelength of the antenna; wherein the antenna radiates at multiple different operating wavelengths; wherein at least one of the operating wavelengths corresponds to an operating wavelength of a cellular telephone system; and wherein the antenna is configured to radiate across at least two cellular telephone system frequency bands. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 56, 57)
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20. An apparatus comprising:
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a portable communication device; an antenna, the antenna being entirely included in the portable communication device; wherein the antenna comprises a radiating element a perimeter of which is defined by a multi-segment, irregular curve including a plurality of segments, each of said segments being spatially arranged such that no two adjacent and connected segments form another longer straight segment and none of said segments intersects with another segment other than at the beginning and at the end of said multi-segment, irregular curve to form a closed loop; wherein the antenna radiates at multiple different operating wavelengths; wherein each segment of said plurality of segments is shorter than one tenth of a longest operating free-space wavelength of said multiple different operating wavelengths; wherein the multi-segment curve has a box counting dimension larger than one; wherein a first of the multiple different operating wavelengths corresponds to an operating wavelength of a first cellular telephone system; and wherein a second of the multiple different operating wavelengths corresponds to an operating wavelength of a second cellular telephone system. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 54, 55)
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41. An apparatus comprising:
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a portable communication device; an antenna, the antenna being included entirely within the portable communication device; wherein an edge of the antenna is shaped as a substantially non-periodic curve; wherein said substantially non-periodic curve comprises a multiplicity of connected segments, each segment is shorter than one tenth of at least one operating free-space wavelength of the antenna; wherein the antenna radiates at multiple different operating wavelengths; wherein at least one of the operating wavelengths corresponds to an operating wavelength of a cellular telephone system; wherein the antenna is configured to radiate across at least three cellular telephone system frequency bands; and wherein the portable communications device comprises a cellular telephone. - View Dependent Claims (42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53)
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Specification