CASSETTE SYSTEM FOR PERITONEAL DIALYSIS MACHINE

• US 20110196289A1
• Filed: 04/22/2011
• Published: 08/11/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 02/28/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Fresenius Medical Care Holdings Incorporated (Fresenius Medical Care AG)
• Original Assignee: Fresenius Medical Care Holdings Incorporated (Fresenius Medical Care AG)
• Inventors: Plahey, Kulwinder S., Klatte, Stephan, Hedmann, Frank L., Folden, Thomas I.
• Granted Patent: US 8,784,359 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 604/29
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1522 the interface being evacuated interfaces to enhance contact
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1524 the interface providing means for actuating on functional elements of the cassette, e.g. plungers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/154 with sensing means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/155 with treatment-fluid pumping means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1561 at least one cassette surface or portion thereof being flexible, e.g. the cassette having a rigid base portion with preformed channels and being covered with a foil
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1565 Details of valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/159 specially adapted for peritoneal dialysis
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/16 with membranes
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/28 Peritoneal dialysis ; Other peritoneal treatment, e.g. oxygenation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/281 Instillation other than by gravity
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/288 Priming priming in extracorporeal blood circuits A61M1/3643
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/122 using evacuated interfaces to enhance contact
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/128 with incorporated valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/505 Touch-screens; Virtual keyboard or keypads; Virtual buttons; Soft keys; Mouse touches

Abstract

A peritoneal dialysis (PD) system that includes a disposable PD cassette including a base having a substantially planar portion and a dome-shaped protrusion extending from the substantially planar portion and a flexible membrane attached to the base and covering a recessed region of the dome-shaped protrusion to form a pumping chamber between the flexible membrane and the recessed region of the dome-shaped protrusion. The system also includes a PD machine including a deck and a door hinged from one side to the deck. The door and the deck can cooperate to form a cassette compartment, and the door has a cylindrical recess positioned to receive the dome-shaped protrusion of the base of the disposable PD cassette when the disposable PD cassette is disposed in the cassette compartment and the door is closed.

Claims

1. A peritoneal dialysis (PD) system comprising:

a disposable PD cassette comprising

a base having a substantially planar portion and a dome-shaped protrusion extending from the substantially planar portion, the dome-shaped protrusion defining a recessed region,

a flexible membrane attached to the base and covering the recessed region of the dome-shaped protrusion to form a pumping chamber between the flexible membrane and the recessed region of the dome-shaped protrusion, and

a plurality of tubing connectors positioned along one edge of the PD cassette; and

a PD machine comprising

a deck having a plurality of openings,

a door hinged from one side to the deck, the door and the deck being arranged so that when the door is closed over the deck, the door and the deck cooperate to form a cassette compartment configured to receive the disposable PD cassette therein, and the door having a cylindrical recess positioned to receive the dome-shaped protrusion of the base of the disposable PD cassette when the disposable PD cassette is disposed in the cassette compartment of the PD machine with the door closed,

a piston head at least partially disposed within one of the openings of the deck, the piston head being aligned with the pumping chamber of the disposable PD cassette when the disposable PD cassette is disposed in the cassette compartment of the PD machine, and

an inflatable bladder configured to compress the substantially planar portion of the base of the disposable PD cassette between the deck and the door of the PD machine when the disposable PD cassette is disposed in the cassette compartment of the PD machine with the door closed and the inflatable bladder is inflated.

2. The PD system of claim 1, wherein when the PD machine is resting on a substantially horizontal surface during use, the deck lies in a plane inclined from the vertical by 10 to 35 degrees.

3. The PD system of claim 2, wherein when the cassette is disposed in the cassette compartment, all of the tubing connectors are in a line along a bottom edge of the cassette so that tubes connected to the tubing connectors bend between the cassette and the substantially horizontal surface on which the PD machine is resting, at an angle greater than 90 degrees.

4. The PD system of claim 3, wherein the tubing connectors extend beneath the door of the PD machine.

5. The PD system of claim 1, wherein the cassette defines a circumferential channel that extends along a perimeter region of the cassette, and the circumferential channel can be placed in fluid communication with the pumping chamber.

6. The PD system of claim 1, wherein the piston head is a mushroom-shaped piston head.

7. The PD system of claim 6, wherein the pumping chamber is substantially clamshell shaped.

8. The PD system of claim 1, wherein the PD machine further comprises a clamp that, when the cassette is disposed in the cassette compartment and tubes are connected to the tubing connectors of the cassette, extends across all of the tubes such that all of the tubes can be crimped by the clamp at one time.

9. The PD system of claim 8, wherein the PD machine further comprises a controller that causes the clamp to crimp all of the tubes when a potentially unsafe condition is detected.

10. The PD system of claim 1, wherein the pump chamber has an inlet port and an outlet port.

11. The PD system of claim 1, wherein the PD machine comprises a plurality of inflatable balloon valves positioned in some of the openings in the deck.

12. The PD system of claim 1, wherein the PD machine comprises two piston heads that travel back and forth through two of the openings in the deck when reciprocated, the PD cassette defines two pumping chambers, and the piston heads align with the pumping chambers when the PD cassette is disposed in the cassette compartment of the PD machine.

13. An apparatus for pumping fluids between a peritoneal dialysis machine and a patient in order to perform peritoneal dialysis on the patient, the apparatus comprising:

a disposable cassette for routing PD solution,

a cassette compartment defined by a deck and a door hinged from the side so as to close in parallel over the deck and enclose the cassette within the compartment,

wherein the deck has openings for valve actuators and piston heads, and when the apparatus is resting on a substantially horizontal surface during use, the deck lies in a plane inclined from the vertical by 10 to 35 degrees.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein when the apparatus is resting on a substantially horizontal surface during use, the deck lies in a plane inclined from the vertical by about 20 to 25 degrees.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein when the apparatus is resting on a substantially horizontal surface during use, the deck lies in a plane inclined from the vertical by about 22 degrees.

16. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the cassette has inlet/outlet connections along the bottom of the cassette when the cassette is disposed in the cassette compartment, the cassette compartment accommodating the connection of tubes to the inlet/outlet connections on the cassette.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein all of the inlet/outlet connections are in a line along the bottom edge of the cassette so that when the cassette is disposed in the cassette compartment and the tubes are connected to the inlet/outlet connections of the cassette, the tubes bend, between the cassette and a substantially horizontal surface on which the system is resting, at an angle substantially greater than 90 degrees.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising a clamp that, when the cassette is disposed in the cassette compartment and tubes are connected to the inlet/outlet connections of the cassette, extends across all of the tubes such that all of the tubes can be crimped by the clamp at one time.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, further comprising a controller that causes the clamp to crimp all of the tubes when a potentially unsafe condition is detected.

20. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the apparatus comprises two piston heads that travel back and forth through two of the openings in the deck when reciprocated.

21. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the apparatus comprises a plurality of inflatable balloon valves positioned in a plurality of the openings in the deck.

22. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the cassette comprises a rigid base defining a recessed region, and a flexible membrane attached to the base in a manner such that the flexible membrane, when pressed against the base, cooperates with a portion of the base defining the recessed region to form a pump chamber.

23. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the pump chamber has an inlet port and an outlet port.