Location Assignment Daemon (LAD) For A Distributed Storage System

• US 20110196832A1
• Filed: 02/07/2011
• Published: 08/11/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 02/09/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Google LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Google Inc. (Alphabet Inc.)
• Inventors: Datuashvili, George, Zunger, Yonatan, Drobychev, Alexandre, Kesselman, Alexander, Vickrey, Rebekah C., Dachille, Frank C.
• Granted Patent: US 8,886,602 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 707/634
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/2094 Redundant storage or storage space G06F11/2056 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/3457 Performance evaluation by simulation
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 13/10 Program control for peripheral devices G06F13/14 - G06F13/42 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/1748 De-duplication implemented within the file system, e.g. based on file segments de-duplication techniques in storage systems for the management of data blocks G06F3/0641
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/1844 Management specifically adapted to replicated file systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06G 7/62 for electric systems or apparatus G06G7/78 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1095 Replication or mirroring of data, e.g. scheduling or transport for data synchronisation between network nodes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1097 for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]

Abstract

A system and method for generating replication requests for objects in a distributed storage system is provided. For a respective object in a distributed storage system the following is performed. Replication policies for the object that have not been satisfied are determined. Replication requests are ranked for the object whose replication policies have not been satisfied based on a number of replicas of the object that need to be created in order to satisfy the replication policies for the object. Replication requests are generated for the object based at least in part on the replication policies for the object that have not been satisfied and on a current state of the distributed storage system. At least a subset of the replication requests for the objects in the distributed storage system are distributed to respective instances of the distributed storage system corresponding to the replication requests for execution.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method for generating replication requests for objects in a distributed storage system, comprising:

at a computer system including one or more processors and memory storing one or more programs for execution by the one or more processors;

for a respective object in a distributed storage system,

determining replication policies for the object that have not been satisfied;

ranking replication requests for the object whose replication policies have not been satisfied based on a number of replicas of the object that need to be created in order to satisfy the replication policies for the object; and

generating replication requests for the object based at least in part on the replication policies for the object that have not been satisfied and on a current state of the distributed storage system, wherein a respective replication request for a respective object instructs a respective instance of the distributed storage system to replicate the respective object so as to at least partially satisfy a replication policy for the respective object; and

distributing at least a subset of the replication requests for the objects in the distributed storage system to respective instances of the distributed storage system corresponding to the replication requests for execution.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to distributing the at least the subset of the replication requests for the objects in the distributed storage system to respective instances of the distributed storage system corresponding to the replication requests for execution, the method further comprises:

partitioning the replication requests into groups of respective replication requests corresponding to respective instances of the distributed storage system at which respective predetermined actions of the respective replication requests are to be performed;

calculating priorities of the replication requests; and

for a respective group of replication requests, sorting the replication requests in the group of replication requests by priority to produce a sorted group of replication requests.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein calculating a priority of a respective replication request includes calculating the priority of the respective replication request as a difference between a metric corresponding to a benefit of performing the respective replication request and a metric corresponding to a cost of performing the respective replication request.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein prior to distributing the at least the subset of the replication requests for the objects in the distributed storage system to respective instances of the distributed storage system corresponding to the replication requests for execution, the method further comprises determining the at least the subset of replication requests that can be completed within a predetermined time interval.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising discarding replication requests for the respective group of replication requests that are not included in the subset of replication requests for the respective group of replication requests.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the current state of the distributed storage system includes:

a current network state;

current user quotas for storage space in the distributed storage system;

storage space in the distributed storage system that are currently used by users;

current storage space available at instances of the distributed storage system;

current statuses of replication queues at instances of the distributed storage system;

current planned maintenance operations zones; and

a list of current replicas of objects in the distributed storage system.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein a replication policy for an object includes criteria selected from the group consisting of:

a minimum number of replicas of the object that must be present in the distributed storage system;

a maximum number of the replicas of the object that are allowed to be present in the distributed storage system;

storage device types on which the replicas of the object are to be stored;

locations at which the replicas of the object may be stored;

locations at which the replicas of the object may not be stored; and

a range of ages for the object during which the replication policy for the object applies.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating replication requests for the objects is further based in part on costs and benefits for performing the replication requests.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein replication requests are distributed to a replication queue in a respective instance of the distributed storage system.

10. A system for generating replication requests for objects in a distributed storage system, comprising:

one or more processors;

memory; and

one or more programs stored in the memory, the one or more programs comprising instructions to;

for a respective object in a distributed storage system,

determine replication policies for the object that have not been satisfied;

rank replication requests for the object whose replication policies have not been satisfied based on a number of replicas of the object that need to be created in order to satisfy the replication policies for the object; and

generate replication requests for the object based at least in part on the replication policies for the object that have not been satisfied and on a current state of the distributed storage system, wherein a respective replication request for a respective object instructs a respective instance of the distributed storage system to replicate the respective object so as to at least partially satisfy a replication policy for the respective object; and

distribute at least a subset of the replication requests for the objects in the distributed storage system to respective instances of the distributed storage system corresponding to the replication requests for execution.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein prior to the instructions to distribute the at least the subset of the replication requests for the objects in the distributed storage system to respective instances of the distributed storage system corresponding to the replication requests for execution, the system includes instructions to:

partition the replication requests into groups of respective replication requests corresponding to respective instances of the distributed storage system at which respective predetermined actions of the respective replication requests are to be performed;

calculate priorities of the replication requests; and

for a respective group of replication requests, sort the replication requests in the group of replication requests by priority to produce a sorted group of replication requests.

12. The system of claim 10, wherein the instructions to calculate a priority of a respective replication request include instructions to calculate the priority of the respective replication request as a difference between a metric corresponding to a benefit of performing the respective replication request and a metric corresponding to a cost of performing the respective replication request.

13. The system of claim 10, wherein prior to the instructions to distribute the at least the subset of the replication requests for the objects in the distributed storage system to respective instances of the distributed storage system corresponding to the replication requests for execution, the system includes instructions to determine the at least the subset of replication requests that can be completed within a predetermined time interval.

14. The system of claim 13, further comprising instructions to discard replication requests for the respective group of replication requests that are not included in the subset of replication requests for the respective group of replication requests.

15. The system of claim 10, wherein the current state of the distributed storage system includes:

a current network state;

current user quotas for storage space in the distributed storage system;

storage space in the distributed storage system that are currently used by users;

current storage space available at instances of the distributed storage system;

current statuses of replication queues at instances of the distributed storage system;

current planned maintenance operations zones; and

a list of current replicas of objects in the distributed storage system.

16. The system of claim 10, wherein a replication policy for an object includes criteria selected from the group consisting of:

a minimum number of replicas of the object that must be present in the distributed storage system;

a maximum number of the replicas of the object that are allowed to be present in the distributed storage system;

storage device types on which the replicas of the object are to be stored;

locations at which the replicas of the object may be stored;

locations at which the replicas of the object may not be stored; and

a range of ages for the object during which the replication policy for the object applies.

17. The system of claim 10, wherein the instructions to generate replication requests for the object are further based in part on costs and benefits for performing the replication requests.

18. The system of claim 10, wherein replication requests are distributed to a replication queue in a respective instance of the distributed storage system.

19. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs configured for execution by a computer, the one or more programs comprising instructions to:

for a respective object in a distributed storage system,

determine replication policies for the object that have not been satisfied;

rank replication requests for the object whose replication policies have not been satisfied based on a number of replicas of the object that need to be created in order to satisfy the replication policies for the object; and

generate replication requests for the object based at least in part on the replication policies for the object that have not been satisfied and on a current state of the distributed storage system, wherein a respective replication request for a respective object instructs a respective instance of the distributed storage system to replicate the respective object so as to at least partially satisfy a replication policy for the respective object; and

distribute at least a subset of the replication requests for the objects in the distributed storage system to respective instances of the distributed storage system corresponding to the replication requests for execution.

20. The computer readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein prior to the instructions to distribute the at least the subset of the replication requests for the objects in the distributed storage system to respective instances of the distributed storage system corresponding to the replication requests for execution, the system includes instructions to:

partition the replication requests into groups of respective replication requests corresponding to respective instances of the distributed storage system at which respective predetermined actions of the respective replication requests are to be performed;

calculate priorities of the replication requests; and

for a respective group of replication requests, sort the replication requests in the group of replication requests by priority to produce a sorted group of replication requests.

21. The computer readable storage medium of claim 20, wherein the instructions to calculate a priority of a respective replication request include instructions to calculate the priority of the respective replication request as a difference between a metric corresponding to a benefit of performing the respective replication request and a metric corresponding to a cost of performing the respective replication request.

22. The computer readable storage medium of claim 20, wherein prior to the instructions to distribute the at least the subset of the replication requests for the objects in the distributed storage system to respective instances of the distributed storage system corresponding to the replication requests for execution, the system includes instructions to determine the at least the subset of replication requests that can be completed within a predetermined time interval.

23. The computer readable storage medium of claim 22, further comprising instructions to discard replication requests for the respective group of replication requests that are not included in the subset of replication requests for the respective group of replication requests.

24. The computer readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein the current state of the distributed storage system includes:

a current network state;

current user quotas for storage space in the distributed storage system;

storage space in the distributed storage system that are currently used by users;

current storage space available at instances of the distributed storage system;

current statuses of replication queues at instances of the distributed storage system;

current planned maintenance operations zones; and

a list of current replicas of objects in the distributed storage system.

25. The computer readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein a replication policy for an object includes criteria selected from the group consisting of:

a minimum number of replicas of the object that must be present in the distributed storage system;

a maximum number of the replicas of the object that are allowed to be present in the distributed storage system;

storage device types on which the replicas of the object are to be stored;

locations at which the replicas of the object may be stored;

locations at which the replicas of the object may not be stored; and

a range of ages for the object during which the replication policy for the object applies.

26. The computer readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein the instructions to generate replication requests for the object are further based in part on costs and benefits for performing the replication requests.

27. The computer readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein replication requests are distributed to a replication queue in a respective instance of the distributed storage system.