RESPIRATORY DEVICE AND METHOD FOR VENTILATING A PATIENT

• US 20110197886A1
• Filed: 04/13/2005
• Published: 08/18/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 04/16/2004
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
• Original Assignee: Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
• Inventors: Guttmann, Josef, Stahl, Claudius, Möller, Knut
• Application Number:
  US11/578,590
• Publication Number:
  US 20110197886A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 128/204.23
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0009 with sub-atmospheric pressure, e.g. during expiration
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0051 with alarm devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/024 including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/205 used for exhalation control
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0021 with a proportional output signal, e.g. from a thermistor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0042 in the expiratory circuit
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/00 Measuring parameters of the user
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/005 Parameter used as control input for the apparatus

Abstract

The invention relates to a respiratory device for ventilating a patient. The respiratory device comprises a respirator that is or can be linked with an endotracheal tube or a respiratory mask. The respiratory device is provided with a control/regulation unit (1) for controlling and checking the expiration phase and with actuators (2, 39) controlled by the unit for actively influencing expiration and producing any expiration pattern during the expiration phase.

Claims

1-29. -29. (canceled)

30. A respiratory device for use in ventilation of a patient comprising:

a ventilator for connection or connected to an endotracheal tube or to a respiratory mask and expiration phase controllable actuators for providing regulation and control for actively influencing expiration and for generating an arbitrary expiration pattern during expiration.

31. A device in accordance with claim 30 wherein:

the arbitrary expiration pattern is generated by at least one of time-dependent airflow courses, airway pressure courses and respiratory gas volume changes, wherein each of the courses and changes may be preset.

32. A device in accordance with claim 30 comprising:

a control and regulation unit for presetting the arbitrary expiration pattern during expiration, a measuring device, for assessing the expiration during natural expiration of the patient, which is connected with the actuators, means for limiting expiration of the patient and means for accelerating expiration of the patient.

33. A device in accordance with claim 32 wherein:

the control and regulation unit includes sensor inputs for at least one pressure and flow and/or volume sensors are provided for a closed-loop control for measuring respiratory data.

34. A device in accordance with claim 32 wherein:

the control and regulation unit includes inputs of anthropometrical or physiological data.

35. A device in accordance with claim 32 wherein:

the control and regulation unit includes a controller with set presettings.

36. A device in accordance with claim 33 comprising:

a functional unit including the control and regulation unit, the sensors and the actuators.

37. A device in accordance with claim 36 wherein:

the functional unit comprises an existing ventilator.

38. A device in accordance with claim 36 wherein:

the functional unit comprises an external device connectable with a ventilator.

39. A method of controlled and regulated mechanical ventilation of a patient comprising:

measuring, during mechanical ventilation, operational parameters, and controlling the ventilation with the measured operational parameter; and

wherein

an expiration pattern is preset for at least one expiration phase and natural expiration of the patient is adapted to the preset expiration pattern by limiting or by accelerating the expiration during the expiration phase.

40. A method in accordance with claim 39 wherein:

at least one measurement of airway pressure, airflow and respiratory gas volume is made during the expiration phase, is compared with the preset expiration pattern and actual expiration is influenced by the at least one measurement.

41. A method in accordance with claim 39 wherein:

the regulated mechanical ventilation is controlled by a closed loop responsive to sensor inputs.

42. A method in accordance with claim 39 wherein:

a respiratory airflow-course is controlled with fixed presettings.

43. A method in accordance with claim 40 wherein:

one of pressure, flow and volume during the at least one expiration phase are controlled.

44. A method in accordance with claim 39 wherein:

the expiration phase is dependent upon a breathing pattern during inspiration and ventilation type.

45. A method in accordance with claim 39 wherein:

influencing of at least one expiration phase occurs during controlled mechanical ventilation and during supported breathing.

46. A method in accordance with claim 39 wherein:

the influencing expiration phase occurs during one of endotracheal intubation and ventilation by a breathing mask.

47. A method in accordance with claim 39 wherein:

a pattern of the expiration phase is an arbitrary function.

48. A method in accordance with claim 47 wherein:

the arbitrary function is either combined with the positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) or the arbitrary function replaces PEEP.

49. A method in accordance with claim 44 wherein:

changes of the pressure, the flow or the volume have one of a positive, or a negative sign or alternating signs in comparison to a passive expiration.

50. A method in accordance with claim 41 wherein:

the control and regulation is performed with a variable duration.

51. A method in accordance with claim 41 wherein:

the control and regulation is longer in duration than a duration of a single expiration phase.

52. A method in accordance with claim 48 wherein:

the arbitrary function is provided by a control of the mechanical ventilator.

53. A method in accordance with claim 48 wherein:

the arbitrary function is adapted during operation of the mechanical ventilator.

54. A method in accordance with claim 41 wherein:

settings and adjustments of the control and regulation are performed in an adaptive way.

55. A method in accordance with claim 44 wherein:

functions in combination with each other or alternatively control the expiration phase.

56. A method in accordance with claim 39 wherein:

a time period of expiration is preset either by the ventilator, the patient or a combination of both.

57. A method in accordance with claim 44 wherein:

a time of the expiration phase is shortened or lengthened as required by the patent.

58. A method in accordance with claim 39 wherein:

parameters of respiratory mechanics are measured.

59. A method in accordance with claim 44 wherein:

the control and regulation is performed with a variable duration.

60. A method in accordance with claim 44 wherein:

the control and regulation are longer in duration than a duration of a single expiration.

61. A method in accordance with claim 43 wherein:

settings and adjustments of the control and regulation are made by one of manual adjustment or automatic adjustment in an adaptive manner.

62. A method in accordance with claim 44 wherein:

the control is a function of at least one of time, pressure, flow and volume.

63. A method in accordance with claim 48 wherein:

the arbitrary function is one of a ramp, a staircase or half a sine wave.

64. A method in accordance with claim 59 wherein:

the parameters comprise at least one of resistance, compliance or expiratory flow limitation.