Utility for full wave rectified current-fed class of DC galvanically isolated DC-to-DC power conversion topologies allows reduction of working voltage magnitudes and improvement to efficiency for secondary circuits

• US 20110211378A1
• Filed: 03/01/2010
• Published: 09/01/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 03/01/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Raymond Peter Maroon
• Original Assignee: Raymond Peter Maroon
• Inventors: Maroon, Raymond Peter
• Granted Patent: US 8,369,116 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 363/125
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/003 Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections

Abstract

New utility of an existing class of DC galvanically isolated current sourcing circuit topologies for power conversion simultaneously allows improvement in its secondary circuit(s) to power conversion efficiency and reduction in working voltage magnitudes, or simply reduction in working voltage magnitudes, with resulting benefits for reduction in manufacturing cost, reduction in size and weight, and increase in market acceptance, or may simply allow secondary circuit(s) to enable easier provisioning of safety, improvement in reliability, or improvement in efficiency. The magnitude of DC output voltage is optimized at higher value for greater efficiency, while simultaneously optimizing the secondary circuit'"'"'s working voltage maximum magnitude at a lower value for greater safety. The method requires full cycle current-compliant input impedance of the secondary power source whereby the secondary of the DC galvanically isolating device behaves in a mode of being a full cycle voltage-compliant current source.

Claims

1-20. -20. (canceled)

21. A method for manufacturing a power converter, comprising:

a. providing an output circuit, and

b. providing an alternating-current current-compliant voltage source, an alternating-current source terminal, an alternating-current return terminal, an alternating-current return voltage, and a predetermined operating frequency, said alternating-current current-compliant voltage source having said alternating-current source terminal and said alternating-current return terminal, said output circuit being exclusive of the alternating-current current-compliant voltage source, said alternating-current return terminal having said alternating-current return voltage, said alternating-current current-compliant voltage source operating at said predetermined operating frequency, and

c. providing a peak source voltage magnitude, said alternating-current source terminal having said peak source voltage magnitude with respect to said alternating-current return voltage, and

d. providing a power transformer, said power transformer having a plurality of primary terminals and a plurality of secondary terminals and a primary input terminal and a primary return terminal, said plurality of primary terminals comprising said primary input terminal and said primary return terminal, said output circuit being inclusive of said plurality of secondary terminals, said output circuit being exclusive of said plurality of primary terminals, and

e. providing a primary inductance, an operative input means, an operative output means, a primary series inductor, a primary series stray inductance, a primary leakage inductance attributed to the primary terminals, a secondary leakage attributed to the secondary terminals, and a predetermined effective-cumulative series inductance value, said primary inductance having the operative input means as a means of connection to its input, and the operative output means as a means of connection to its output, said primary inductance having said predetermined effective-cumulative series inductance value, said predetermined effective-cumulative series inductance value resulting from at least one inductance selected from the group consisting of said primary series inductor and said primary series stray inductance and said primary leakage inductance and said secondary leakage inductance after analytical reflection to said primary input terminal and said primary return terminal, said output circuit being exclusive of said primary inductance, and

f. providing an alternating-current voltage-compliant current source, and connection of said operative input operatively with said alternating-current source terminal, said alternating-current voltage-compliant current source comprising alternating-current current-compliant voltage source and said primary inductance and the connection of said operative input operatively with said alternating-current source terminal, and

g. providing for a series electrical circuit, and connection of said operative output operatively to said primary input terminal, and connection of said primary return terminal operatively to said alternating-current return terminal, whereby said series electrical circuit comprises said alternating-current voltage-compliant current source and said plurality of primary terminals, and

h. providing a rectification means, and a plurality of rectification input terminals, and a plurality of rectification output terminals, said rectification means having said plurality of rectification input terminals and said plurality of rectification output terminals, said rectification means controlling current to occur only in predetermined directions through the rectification output terminals and the rectification input terminals, whereby an alternating-current power source at the rectification input terminals will result in full-wave rectification from the rectification output terminals, said output circuit being inclusive of said rectification means, and

i. providing for connection of said rectification input terminals operatively to said plurality of secondary terminals, and

j. providing a current-compliant impedance, and a predetermined impedance current maximum magnitude, and an impedance voltage drop across said current-compliant impedance, and a predetermined impedance voltage drop maximum magnitude, whereby said impedance voltage drop across said current-compliant impedance due to said predetermined impedance current maximum magnitude does not exceed said predetermined impedance voltage drop maximum magnitude, and

k. providing a plurality of working voltages, and a working voltage maximum magnitude, said plurality of working voltages consisting of all voltages present in said output circuit, said plurality of working voltages having said working voltage maximum magnitude, said working voltage maximum magnitude being limited to voltages present on said plurality of secondary terminals, and

l. providing for connection of said current-compliant impedance operatively to the rectification output terminals, whereby said rectification means will clamp said working voltage maximum magnitude to said impedance voltage drop across said current-compliant impedance,

whereby said output circuit will have said working voltage maximum magnitude substantially clamped to said predetermined impedance voltage drop maximum magnitude.

22. The method of claim 21 wherein said output circuit is a secondary circuit.

23. The method of claim 21 wherein said plurality of primary terminals are galvanically-isolated from said plurality of secondary terminals.

24. The method of claim 21, further including a plurality of predetermined ranges of impedance complex values for said current-compliant impedance, and a plurality of predetermined impedance current maximum magnitudes, each of said plurality of predetermined ranges of impedance complex values corresponding to a predetermined impedance current maximum magnitude, wherein said current-compliant impedance has a complex value within the corresponding predetermined range of impedance complex values, whereby said impedance voltage drop across said current-compliant impedance due to the corresponding impedance current maximum magnitude does not exceed said predetermined impedance voltage drop maximum magnitude.

25. The method of claim 24, further including a output circuit load, and a predetermined output circuit load impedance maximum magnitude. and a predetermined output circuit load voltage maximum magnitude, and a predetermined output circuit load voltage maximum magnitude, and a predetermined output circuit load current maximum magnitude, said output circuit load having said predetermined output circuit load voltage maximum magnitude, said current-compliant impedance comprising said output circuit load, said output circuit load having said predetermined output circuit load impedance maximum magnitude substantially equal to said current-compliant impedance maximum magnitude, and said output circuit load having said predetermined output circuit load current maximum magnitude, said predetermined impedance current maximum magnitude comprising said predetermined output circuit load current maximum magnitude, said predetermined output circuit load current maximum magnitude substantially equal to said predetermined impedance current maximum magnitude, whereby said predetermined output circuit load voltage maximum magnitude will result from said predetermined output circuit load current maximum magnitude passing through said predetermined output circuit load impedance maximum magnitude, and said predetermined output circuit load voltage maximum magnitude is substantially equal to said predetermined impedance voltage drop maximum magnitude.

26. The method of claim 21, further including a primary series capacitor, a plurality of switching devices, and connecting said plurality of switching devices operatively to said primary series capacitor, said alternating-current current-compliant voltage source comprising said primary series capacitor and said plurality of switching devices and the operative connection of said plurality of switching devices to said primary series capacitor, wherein said peak source voltage magnitude is predetermined by said plurality of switching devices.

27. The method of claim 26, further including a plurality of anti-parallel diodes, operatively connecting said plurality of anti-parallel diodes to said switching devices, said alternating-current current-compliant voltage source comprising said plurality of anti-parallel diodes and said plurality of switching devices and said primary series capacitor and the operative connection of said plurality of switching devices to said primary series capacitor and the operative connection of said plurality of anti-parallel diodes to said plurality of switching devices, whereby current may flow bi-directionally from any polarity of voltage appearing at said alternating-current source terminal with respect to said alternating-current return terminal.

28. The method of claim 27 wherein the anti-parallel diodes are intrinsic to the switching devices.

29. The method of claim 21, further including a control variable, an output variable, a feedback signal, a measurement and feedback means of measuring value of said output variable and issuing said feedback signal, a control means to effect said output variable by monitoring said feedback signal and adjusting said control variable, said feedback signal representing the measured value of said output variable, said control variable selected from the group consisting of voltage and operating frequency and current and power, said output variable selected from the group consisting of voltage and current and power.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein said control variable is selected from the group consisting of voltage of said alternating-current current-compliant voltage source and operating frequency of said alternating-current current-compliant voltage source, and said output variable is voltage appearing at a location selected from the group consisting of said output circuit and said output circuit load.

31. A method for power conversion, comprising:

a. providing an output circuit, and

b. providing an alternating-current current-compliant voltage source, an alternating-current source terminal, an alternating-current return terminal, an alternating-current return voltage, and a predetermined operating frequency, said alternating-current current-compliant voltage source having said alternating-current source terminal and said alternating-current return terminal, said output circuit being exclusive of the alternating-current current-compliant voltage source, said alternating-current return terminal having said alternating-current return voltage, said alternating-current current-compliant voltage source operating at said predetermined operating frequency, and

c. providing a peak source voltage magnitude, said alternating-current source terminal having said peak source voltage magnitude with respect to said alternating-current return voltage, and

d. providing a power transformer, said power transformer having a plurality of primary terminals and a plurality of secondary terminals and a primary input terminal and a primary return terminal, said plurality of primary terminals comprising said primary input terminal and said primary return terminal, said output circuit being inclusive of said plurality of secondary terminals, said output circuit being exclusive of said plurality of primary terminals, and

e. providing a primary inductance, an operative input means, an operative output means, a primary series inductor, a primary series stray inductance, a primary leakage inductance attributed to the primary terminals, a secondary leakage attributed to the secondary terminals, and a predetermined effective-cumulative series inductance value, said primary inductance having the operative input means as a means of connection to its input, and the operative output means as a means of connection to its output, said primary inductance having said predetermined effective-cumulative series inductance value, said predetermined effective-cumulative series inductance value resulting from at least one inductance selected from the group consisting of said primary series inductor and said primary series stray inductance and said primary leakage inductance and said secondary leakage inductance after analytical reflection to said primary input terminal and said primary return terminal, said output circuit being exclusive of said primary inductance, and

f. providing an alternating-current voltage-compliant current source, and connection of said operative input operatively with said alternating-current source terminal, said alternating-current voltage-compliant current source comprising alternating-current current-compliant voltage source and said primary inductance and the connection of said operative input operatively with said alternating-current source terminal, and

g. providing for a series electrical circuit, and connection of said operative output operatively to said primary input terminal, and connection of said primary return terminal operatively to said alternating-current return terminal, whereby said series electrical circuit comprises said alternating-current voltage-compliant current source and said plurality of primary terminals, and

h. providing a rectification means, and a plurality of rectification input terminals, and a plurality of rectification output terminals, said rectification means having said plurality of rectification input terminals and said plurality of rectification output terminals, said rectification means controlling current to occur only in predetermined directions through the rectification output terminals and the rectification input terminals, whereby an alternating-current power source at the rectification input terminals will result in full-wave rectification from the rectification output terminals, said output circuit being inclusive of said rectification means, and

i. providing for connection of said rectification input terminals operatively to said plurality of secondary terminals, and

j. providing a current-compliant impedance, and a predetermined impedance current maximum magnitude, and an impedance voltage drop across said current-compliant impedance, and a predetermined impedance voltage drop maximum magnitude, whereby said impedance voltage drop across said current-compliant impedance due to said predetermined impedance current maximum magnitude does not exceed said predetermined impedance voltage drop maximum magnitude, and

k. providing a plurality of working voltages, and a working voltage maximum magnitude, said plurality of working voltages consisting of all voltages present in said output circuit, said plurality of working voltages having said working voltage maximum magnitude, said working voltage maximum magnitude being limited to voltages present on said plurality of secondary terminals, and

l. providing for connection of said current-compliant impedance operatively to the rectification output terminals, whereby said rectification means will clamp said working voltage maximum magnitude to said impedance voltage drop across said current-compliant impedance,

whereby said output circuit will have said working voltage maximum magnitude substantially clamped to said predetermined impedance voltage drop maximum magnitude.

32. The method of claim 31 wherein said plurality of primary terminals are galvanically-isolated from said plurality of secondary terminals.

33. The method of claim 31, further including a plurality of predetermined ranges of impedance complex values for said current-compliant impedance, and a plurality of predetermined impedance current maximum magnitudes, each of said plurality of predetermined ranges of impedance complex values corresponding to a predetermined impedance current maximum magnitude, wherein said current-compliant impedance has a complex value within the corresponding predetermined range of impedance complex values, whereby said impedance voltage drop across said current-compliant impedance due to the corresponding impedance current maximum magnitude does not exceed said predetermined impedance voltage drop maximum magnitude.

34. The method of claim 33, further including a output circuit load, and a predetermined output circuit load impedance maximum magnitude. and a predetermined output circuit load voltage maximum magnitude, and a predetermined output circuit load voltage maximum magnitude, and a predetermined output circuit load current maximum magnitude, said output circuit load having said predetermined output circuit load voltage maximum magnitude, said current-compliant impedance comprising said output circuit load, said output circuit load having said predetermined output circuit load impedance maximum magnitude substantially equal to said current-compliant impedance maximum magnitude, and said output circuit load having said predetermined output circuit load current maximum magnitude, said predetermined impedance current maximum magnitude comprising said predetermined output circuit load current maximum magnitude, said predetermined output circuit load current maximum magnitude substantially equal to said predetermined impedance current maximum magnitude, whereby said predetermined output circuit load voltage maximum magnitude will result from said predetermined output circuit load current maximum magnitude passing through said predetermined output circuit load impedance maximum magnitude, and said predetermined output circuit load voltage maximum magnitude is substantially equal to said predetermined impedance voltage drop maximum magnitude.

35. The method of claim 31, further including a primary series capacitor, a plurality of switching devices, and connecting said plurality of switching devices operatively to said primary series capacitor, said alternating-current current-compliant voltage source comprising said primary series capacitor and said plurality of switching devices and the operative connection of said plurality of switching devices to said primary series capacitor, wherein said peak source voltage magnitude is predetermined by said plurality of switching devices.

36. The method of claim 35, further including a plurality of anti-parallel diodes, operatively connecting said plurality of anti-parallel diodes to said switching devices, said alternating-current current-compliant voltage source comprising said plurality of anti-parallel diodes and said plurality of switching devices and said primary series capacitor and the operative connection of said plurality of switching devices to said primary series capacitor and the operative connection of said plurality of anti-parallel diodes to said plurality of switching devices, whereby current may flow bi-directionally from any polarity of voltage appearing at said alternating-current source terminal with respect to said alternating-current return terminal.

37. The method of claim 36 wherein the anti-parallel diodes are intrinsic to the switching devices.

38. The method of claim 31, further including a control variable, an output variable, a feedback signal, a measurement and feedback means of measuring value of said output variable and issuing said feedback signal, a control means to effect said output variable by monitoring said feedback signal and adjusting said control variable, said feedback signal representing the measured value of said output variable, said control variable selected from the group consisting of voltage and operating frequency and current and power, said output variable selected from the group consisting of voltage and current and power.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein said control variable is selected from the group consisting of voltage of said alternating-current current-compliant voltage source and operating frequency of said alternating-current current-compliant voltage source, and said output variable is voltage appearing at a location selected from the group consisting of said output circuit and said output circuit load.

40. A method for limiting voltage in a power converter, comprising:

a. providing an output circuit, and

b. providing an alternating-current current-compliant voltage source, an alternating-current source terminal, an alternating-current return terminal, an alternating-current return voltage, and a predetermined operating frequency, said alternating-current current-compliant voltage source having said alternating-current source terminal and said alternating-current return terminal, said output circuit being exclusive of the alternating-current current-compliant voltage source, said alternating-current return terminal having said alternating-current return voltage, said alternating-current current-compliant voltage source operating at said predetermined operating frequency, and

c. providing a peak source voltage magnitude, said alternating-current source terminal having said peak source voltage magnitude with respect to said alternating-current return voltage, and

d. providing a power transformer, said power transformer having a plurality of primary terminals and a plurality of secondary terminals and a primary input terminal and a primary return terminal, said plurality of primary terminals comprising said primary input terminal and said primary return terminal, said output circuit being inclusive of said plurality of secondary terminals, said output circuit being exclusive of said plurality of primary terminals, and

e. providing a primary inductance, an operative input means, an operative output means, a primary series inductor, a primary series stray inductance, a primary leakage inductance attributed to the primary terminals, a secondary leakage attributed to the secondary terminals, and a predetermined effective-cumulative series inductance value, said primary inductance having the operative input means as a means of connection to its input, and the operative output means as a means of connection to its output, said primary inductance having said predetermined effective-cumulative series inductance value, said predetermined effective-cumulative series inductance value resulting from at least one inductance selected from the group consisting of said primary series inductor and said primary series stray inductance and said primary leakage inductance and said secondary leakage inductance after analytical reflection to said primary input terminal and said primary return terminal, said output circuit being exclusive of said primary inductance, and

f. providing an alternating-current voltage-compliant current source, and connection of said operative input operatively with said alternating-current source terminal, said alternating-current voltage-compliant current source comprising alternating-current current-compliant voltage source and said primary inductance and the connection of said operative input operatively with said alternating-current source terminal, and

g. providing for a series electrical circuit, and connection of said operative output operatively to said primary input terminal, and connection of said primary return terminal operatively to said alternating-current return terminal, whereby said series electrical circuit comprises said alternating-current voltage-compliant current source and said plurality of primary terminals, and

h. providing a rectification means, and a plurality of rectification input terminals, and a plurality of rectification output terminals, said rectification means having said plurality of rectification input terminals and said plurality of rectification output terminals, said rectification means controlling current to occur only in predetermined directions through the rectification output terminals and the rectification input terminals, whereby an alternating-current power source at the rectification input terminals will result in full-wave rectification from the rectification output terminals, said output circuit being inclusive of said rectification means, and

i. providing for connection of said rectification input terminals operatively to said plurality of secondary terminals, and

j. providing a current-compliant impedance, and a predetermined impedance current maximum magnitude, and an impedance voltage drop across said current-compliant impedance, and a predetermined impedance voltage drop maximum magnitude, whereby said impedance voltage drop across said current-compliant impedance due to said predetermined impedance current maximum magnitude does not exceed said predetermined impedance voltage drop maximum magnitude, and

k. providing a plurality of working voltages, and a working voltage maximum magnitude, said plurality of working voltages consisting of all voltages present in said output circuit, said plurality of working voltages having said working voltage maximum magnitude, said working voltage maximum magnitude being limited to voltages present on said plurality of secondary terminals, and

l. providing for connection of said current-compliant impedance operatively to the rectification output terminals, whereby said rectification means will clamp said working voltage maximum magnitude to said impedance voltage drop across said current-compliant impedance,

whereby said output circuit will have said working voltage maximum magnitude substantially clamped to said predetermined impedance voltage drop maximum magnitude.